scholarly journals α11β1 Integrin Is a Receptor for Interstitial Collagens Involved in Cell Migration and Collagen Reorganization on Mesenchymal Nonmuscle Cells

2001 ◽  
Vol 237 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl-Fredrik Tiger ◽  
Francoise Fougerousse ◽  
Gunilla Grundström ◽  
Teet Velling ◽  
Donald Gullberg
Keyword(s):  
Cell Migration ◽  
Interstitial Collagens ◽  
Nonmuscle Cells

Electron Microscopy of Cytoplasmic Contractile Proteins

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 606-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.D. Pollard ◽  
P. Maupin
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Actin Filaments ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Contractile Proteins ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Cytoplasmic Matrix ◽  
Computer Image Processing ◽  
Nonmuscle Cells

In this paper we review some of the contributions that electron microscopy has made to the analysis of actin and myosin from nonmuscle cells. We place particular emphasis upon the limitations of the ultrastructural techniques used to study these cytoplasmic contractile proteins, because it is not widely recognized how difficult it is to preserve these elements of the cytoplasmic matrix for electron microscopy. The structure of actin filaments is well preserved for electron microscope observation by negative staining with uranyl acetate (Figure 1). In fact, to a resolution of about 3nm the three-dimensional structure of actin filaments determined by computer image processing of electron micrographs of negatively stained specimens (Moore et al., 1970) is indistinguishable from the structure revealed by X-ray diffraction of living muscle.

Neutrophil migration through in vitro interstitial matrix

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 894-895
Author(s):  
J. Roemer ◽  
S.R. Simon
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Cell ◽  
Neutrophil Migration ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Aortic Smooth Muscle ◽  
Specific Culture

We are developing an in vitro interstitial extracellular matrix (ECM) system for study of inflammatory cell migration. Falcon brand Cyclopore membrane inserts of various pore sizes are used as a support substrate for production of ECM by R22 rat aortic smooth muscle cells. Under specific culture conditions these cells produce a highly insoluble matrix consisting of typical interstitial ECM components, i.e.: types I and III collagen, elastin, proteoglycans and fibronectin.

The role of DUBs in the post-translational control of cell migration

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 579-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillem Lambies ◽  
Antonio García de Herreros ◽  
Víctor M. Díaz
Keyword(s):  
Cell Migration ◽  
Translational Control ◽  
Epithelial To Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Extracellular Matrix Remodeling ◽  
Matrix Remodeling ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Tgfβ Receptors ◽  
Fundamental Process ◽  
Multistep Process

Abstract Cell migration is a multifactorial/multistep process that requires the concerted action of growth and transcriptional factors, motor proteins, extracellular matrix remodeling and proteases. In this review, we focus on the role of transcription factors modulating Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT-TFs), a fundamental process supporting both physiological and pathological cell migration. These EMT-TFs (Snail1/2, Twist1/2 and Zeb1/2) are labile proteins which should be stabilized to initiate EMT and provide full migratory and invasive properties. We present here a family of enzymes, the deubiquitinases (DUBs) which have a crucial role in counteracting polyubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of EMT-TFs after their induction by TGFβ, inflammatory cytokines and hypoxia. We also describe the DUBs promoting the stabilization of Smads, TGFβ receptors and other key proteins involved in transduction pathways controlling EMT.

Monitoring stem cell migration in the nervous system by in vivo magnetic resonance imaging

2005 ◽  
Vol 25 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. S692-S692
Author(s):  
Mathias Hoehn ◽  
Uwe Himmelreich ◽  
Ralph Weber ◽  
Pedro Ramos-Cabrer ◽  
Susanne Wegener ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Stem Cell Migration

The Migration of Human Smooth Muscle Cells In Vitro Is Mediated by Plasminogen Activation and Can Be Inhibited by α2-Macroglobulin Receptor Associated Protein

1997 ◽  
Vol 78 (02) ◽  
pp. 880-886 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monique J Wijnberg ◽  
Paul H A Quax ◽  
Nancy M E Nieuwenbroek ◽  
Jan H Verheijen
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cell ◽  
Muscle Cell ◽  
Ldl Receptor ◽  
Migration And Invasion ◽  
Invasion Assay ◽  
Plasminogen Activation ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cell Migration

SummaryThe plasminogen activation system is thought to be important in cell migration processes. A role for this system during smooth muscle cell migration after vascular injury has been suggested from several animal studies. However, not much is known about its involvement in human vascular remodelling. We studied the involvement of the plasminogen activation system in human smooth muscle cell migration in more detail using an in vitro wound assay and a matrix invasion assay. Inhibition of plasmin activity or inhibition of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (u-PA) activity resulted in approximately 40% reduction of migration after 24 h in the wound assay and an even stronger reduction (70-80%) in the matrix invasion assay. Migration of smooth muscle cells in the presence of inhibitory antibodies against tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) was not significantly reduced after 24 h, but after 48 h a 30% reduction of migration was observed, whereas in the matrix invasion assay a 50% reduction in invasion was observed already after 24 h. Prevention of the interaction of u-PA with cell surface receptors by addition of soluble u-PA receptor or α2-macroglobulin receptor associated protein (RAP) to the culture medium, resulted in a similar inhibition of migration and invasion. From these results it can be concluded that both u-PA and t-PA mediated plasminogen activation can contribute to in vitro human smooth muscle cell migration and invasion. Furthermore, the interaction between u-PA and its cell surface receptor appears also to be involved in this migration and invasion process. The inhibitory effects on migration and invasion by the addition of RAP suggests an involvement of a RAP sensitive receptor of the LDL receptor family, possibly the LDL-receptor related protein (LRP) and/or the VLDL receptor.

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