Some Observations on the Use of Cultured Corneal Endothelial Cells as a Model for Intact Corneal Endothelium

Cryobiology ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 376-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Wusteman ◽  
Li-Hong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Corneal Endothelium ◽  
Corneal Endothelial Cells

scholarly journals The Effect of Phacoemulsification on Corneal Endothelial Cells Morphology and Thickness

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abd Elaziz Mohamed Elmadina ◽  
Raghda Faisal Abdelfatah ◽  
Saif Hassan Alrasheed ◽  
Mustafa Abdu ◽  
Manzoor Ahmad Qureshi
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Cell Density ◽  
Corneal Endothelium ◽  
Central Corneal Thickness ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Endothelial Cell Density ◽  
P Value ◽  
Corneal Endothelial Cells ◽  
Before And After

Purpose:  To compare the corneal endothelial cells morphology and central corneal thickness (CCT) before and after phacoemulsification in Sudanese population. Place and Duration of Study:  Al-Neelain eye hospital, Khartoum, Sudan, from January 2018 to May 2018. Study Design:  Observational longitudinal study. Methods:  One hundred and forty eyes of 140 patients with immature senile cataract were selected by convenient sampling. The age ranged from 40 to 85 years. The patients underwent complete ocular examination including morphology of corneal endothelial cells and CCT using computerized non-contact specular microscope. Inclusion criteria for the study was eyes with normal corneal endothelial cells and cell density more than 1000 cells/mm2. We excluded patients with ocular or systemic diseases, previous history of intraocular surgery, refractive surgery or trauma as well as contact lenses wear. The patients underwent phacoemulsification by a single surgeon. The examination parameters were repeated one month after surgery. Descriptive and comparative statistical analyses were performed using SPSS for Windows Version 21.0. Results:  There was significant reduction in mean endothelial cells density after phacoemulsification compared to baseline with p < 0.001. There was also significant post-operative reduction in mean endothelial cells number as compared to baseline (P value < 0.001). Mean endothelial cells hexagonality was reduced after surgery with P value of 0.003. No significant difference was found between mean coefficient variation of endothelial cells size before and after phacoemulsification (P = 0.55). Central corneal thickness showed significant increase post-operatively, P = 0.003. Conclusion:  Phacoemulsification causes significant damage to corneal endothelium cells, including decrease in corneal endothelial cell density, hexagonality and cell number. Key Words:  Corneal endothelium, Endothelial cell density, Central corneal thickness, Phacoemulsification.

scholarly journals NAD+ precursors protect corneal endothelial cells from UVB-induced apoptosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 318 (4) ◽  
pp. C796-C805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Can Zhao ◽  
Wenjing Li ◽  
Haoyun Duan ◽  
Zongyi Li ◽  
Yanni Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Cell Apoptosis ◽  
Corneal Endothelium ◽  
Corneal Edema ◽  
Ultraviolet B ◽  
Subconjunctival Injection ◽  
Corneal Endothelial Cells ◽  
Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Induced Apoptosis

Excessive exposure of the eye to ultraviolet B light (UVB) leads to corneal edema and opacification because of the apoptosis of the corneal endothelium. Our previous study found that nicotinamide (NIC), the precursor of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), could inhibit the endothelial-mesenchymal transition and accelerate healing the wound to the corneal endothelium in the rabbit. Here we hypothesize that NIC may possess the capacity to protect the cornea from UVB-induced endothelial apoptosis. Therefore, a mouse model and a cultured cell model were used to examine the effect of NAD+ precursors, including NIC, nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), and NAD, on the UVB-induced apoptosis of corneal endothelial cells (CECs). The results showed that UVB irradiation caused apparent corneal edema and cell apoptosis in mice, accompanied by reduced levels of NAD+ and its key biosynthesis enzyme, nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), in the corneal endothelium. However, the subconjunctival injection of NIC, NMN, or NAD+ effectively prevented UVB-induced tissue damage and endothelial cell apoptosis in the mouse cornea. Moreover, pretreatment using NIC, NMN, and NAD+ increased the survival rate and inhibited the apoptosis of cultured human CECs irradiated by UVB. Mechanistically, pretreatment using nicotinamide (NIC) recovered the AKT activation level and decreased the BAX/BCL-2 ratio. In addition, the capacity of NIC to protect CECs was fully reversed in the presence of the AKT inhibitor LY294002. Therefore, we conclude that NAD+ precursors can effectively prevent the apoptosis of the corneal endothelium through reactivating AKT signaling; this represents a potential therapeutic approach for preventing UVB-induced corneal damage.

scholarly journals Myh11 Lineage Corneal Endothelial Cells and ASCs Populate Corneal Endothelium

2019 ◽  
Vol 60 (15) ◽  
pp. 5095 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce A. Corliss ◽  
H. Clifton Ray ◽  
Corbin Mathews ◽  
Kathleen Fitzgerald ◽  
Richard W. Doty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Corneal Endothelium ◽  
Corneal Endothelial Cells

scholarly journals The Response of Corneal Endothelial Cells to Shear Stress in an In Vitro Flow Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Sujuan Duan ◽  
Yingjie Li ◽  
Yanyan Zhang ◽  
Xuan Zhu ◽  
Yan Mei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Shear Stress ◽  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Corneal Endothelium ◽  
Aqueous Humour ◽  
Fluid Shear Stress ◽  
Corneal Endothelial Cells ◽  
Fluid Shear ◽  
Endothelial Cell Function

Purpose. Corneal endothelial cells are usually exposed to shear stress caused by the aqueous humour, which is similar to the exposure of vascular endothelial cells to shear stress caused by blood flow. However, the effect of fluid shear stress on corneal endothelial cells is still poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to explore whether the shear stress that results from the aqueous humour influences corneal endothelial cells. Methods. An in vitro model was established to generate fluid flow on cells, and the effect of fluid flow on corneal endothelial cells after exposure to two levels of shear stress for different durations was investigated. The mRNA and protein expression of corneal endothelium-related markers in rabbit corneal endothelial cells was evaluated by real-time PCR and western blotting. Results. The expression of the corneal endothelium-related markers ZO-1, N-cadherin, and Na+-K+-ATPase in rabbit corneal endothelial cells (RCECs) was upregulated at both the mRNA and protein levels after exposure to shear stress. Conclusion. This study demonstrates that RCECs respond favourably to fluid shear stress, which may contribute to the maintenance of corneal endothelial cell function. Furthermore, this study also provides a theoretical foundation for further investigating the response of human corneal endothelial cells to the shear stress caused by the aqueous humour.

scholarly journals Lower Fractions of TCF4 Transcripts Spanning over the CTG18.1 Trinucleotide Repeat in Human Corneal Endothelium

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 2006
Author(s):  
Ida Maria Westin ◽  
Andreas Viberg ◽  
Berit Byström ◽  
Irina Golovleva
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Corneal Endothelium ◽  
Trinucleotide Repeat ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Corneal Dystrophy ◽  
Digital Pcr ◽  
Corneal Endothelial Cells ◽  
Transcription Start Sites ◽  
Gradual Loss ◽  
Transcription Factor 4

Fuchs’ endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) is a bilateral disease of the cornea caused by gradual loss of corneal endothelial cells. Late-onset FECD is strongly associated with the CTG18.1 trinucleotide repeat expansion in the Transcription Factor 4 gene (TCF4), which forms RNA nuclear foci in corneal endothelial cells. To date, 46 RefSeq transcripts of TCF4 are annotated by the National Center of Biotechnology information (NCBI), however the effect of the CTG18.1 expansion on expression of alternative TCF4 transcripts is not completely understood. To investigate this, we used droplet digital PCR for quantification of TCF4 transcripts spanning over the CTG18.1 and transcripts with transcription start sites immediately downstream of the CTG18.1. TCF4 expression was analysed in corneal endothelium and in whole blood of FECD patients with and without CTG18.1 expansion, in non-FECD controls without CTG18.1 expansion, and in five additional control tissues. Subtle changes in transcription levels in groups of TCF4 transcripts were detected. In corneal endothelium, we found a lower fraction of transcripts spanning over the CTG18.1 tract compared to all other tissues investigated.

scholarly journals Morphological analysis of the corneal endothelium in eyes of dogs using specular microscopy

2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (9) ◽  
pp. 427-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
João A.T. Pigatto ◽  
Cristine Cerva ◽  
Cesar D. Freire ◽  
Fernando C. Abib ◽  
Luciano P. Bellini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Corneal Endothelium ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Specular Microscopy ◽  
Human Cornea ◽  
Corneal Endothelial Cells ◽  
Peripheral Cornea ◽  
Specular Microscope ◽  
Healthy Eyes ◽  
Number Of Cells

Both healthy eyes of 10 six-year-old male and female mongrel dogs were studied. With a contact specular microscope the corneal endothelium was examined. Endothelial cells were analyzed in the central and peripheral cornea. Morphological analysis with regard to polymegathism and pleomorphism was performed. Three images of each region with at least 100 cells were obtained. The analysis showed that polygonal cells formed a mosaic-like pattern uniform in size and shape. The predominant number of cells was hexagonal. The polymegathism index was 0.22. The study demonstrates that the morphology of the normal corneal endothelial cells of dogs is similar to that found in the human cornea.

scholarly journals Scanning electron microscopy of the corneal endothelium of ostrich

2009 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 926-929 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Antonio Tadeu Pigatto ◽  
Angela Aguiar Franzen ◽  
Fabiana Quartiero Pereira ◽  
Ana Carolina da Veiga Rodarte de Almeida ◽  
José Luis Laus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Cell Density ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Corneal Endothelium ◽  
Cell Area ◽  
Corneal Endothelial Cells ◽  
Average Cell ◽  
Scanning Electron

The aim of this study was to examine the endothelial surface morphology and perform a morphometric analysis of the corneal endothelial cells of ostrich (Struthio camelus) using scanning electron microscopy. Polygonality, mean cell area, cell density and coefficient of variation of mean cell area were analyzed. The normal corneal endothelium consisted of polygonal cells of uniform size and shape with few interdigitations of the cell borders. Microvilli appeared as protusions on the cellular surface. The average cell area was 269±18µm² and the endothelial cell density was 3717±240cells mm-2. The coefficient of variation of the cell area was 0.06, and the percentage of hexagonal cells was 75%. The parameters evaluated did not differ significantly between the right and the left eye from the same ostrich. The results of this study showed that the ostrich corneal endothelial cells appear quite similar to those of the other vertebrates.

The state of corneal endothelial cells in the dynamics of surgical treatment of age-related and diabetic cataracts

2021 ◽  
pp. 47-50
Author(s):  
S.Y. Totskova ◽  
◽  
A.E. Babushkin ◽  
Е.M. Garipova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Corneal Endothelium ◽  
Corneal Endothelial Cell ◽  
Corneal Endothelial Cells ◽  
Diabetic Cataract ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Corneal Endothelial Cell Density

Purpose. To assess the state of the corneal endothelium in patients with diabetic and immature age - related cataracts before and in the long term after phacoemulsification. Material and methods. There were 25 patients (43 eyes) under observation in total. The average age is 66.4±10.1 years. There were 12 men and 13 women among the surveyed. The average time after cataract phacoemulsification was 5.6±1.7 years. There were 2 groups of patients: group I (main) included 10 patients (16 eyes) with diabetic cataract, group 2 (control) consisted of 15 patients (27 eyes) with immature senile cataract (ISC) without diabetes. Before and after phacoemulsification the central corneal thickness (CCT), as well as polymegatism, pleomorphism, and corneal endothelial cell density (ECD) were studied using an EM-2000 endothelial microscope (Nidek, Japan). Results. In the long-term period after cataract phacoemulsification there was decreasing trend in the corneal endothelial cell density (ECD) as in patients operated on for immature senile and especially diabetic cataracts (by 1.5 times). The initial data of ECD in patients with diabetic cataract in comparison with ISC were lower although not significantly. There was also a decreasing trend in the percentage of hexaganality and the number of normal endothelial cells, as well as an increase in the coefficient of their polymegatism after phacoemulsification in patients with DM in comparison with patients without it. Conclusion. The study showed that phacoemulsification of diabetic cataracts is associated with more pronounced damage to the corneal endothelium when compared with the ISC group. During phacoemulsification with IOL implantation, especially in patients with diabetic cataracts, you should pay attention to the initially possible smaller ECD and take this circumstance into account when performing phacoemulsification. Key words: diabetic cataract, surgical treatment, phacoemulsification, endothelial microscopy, corneal endothelial cells.

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