Fas/Apo-1 (CD95)-Mediated Apoptosis of Neutrophils with Fas Ligand (CD95L)-Expressing Tumors Is Crucial for Induction of Inflammation by Neutrophilic Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes Associated with Antitumor Immunity

2001 ◽  
Vol 207 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Motomu Shimizu ◽  
Adriano Fontana ◽  
Yasutaka Takeda ◽  
Takayuki Yoshimoto ◽  
Airo Tsubura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes ◽  
Antitumor Immunity ◽  
Fas Ligand ◽  
Neutrophilic Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes

scholarly journals Fas ligand-expressing tumors induce tumor-specific protective immunity in the inoculated hosts but vaccination with the apoptotic tumors suppresses antitumor immunity

2003 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuji Tada ◽  
Jiyang O-Wang ◽  
Akihiko Wada ◽  
Yuichi Takiguchi ◽  
Koichiro Tatsumi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Immunity ◽  
Antitumor Immunity ◽  
Fas Ligand

Resistance and Susceptibility of Mice to Bacterial Infection: Histopathology of Listeriosis in Resistant and Susceptible Strains

1980 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 851-861
Author(s):  
Thomas E. Mandel ◽  
Christina Cheers
Keyword(s):  
Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Thymus Atrophy ◽  
Monocytes And Macrophages ◽  
Liver Morphology ◽  
Neutrophilic Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Neutrophil Response ◽  
Red Pulp

C57BL/10 mice have previously been shown to be 100 times more resistant to intravenously injected Listeria monocytogenes than are BALB/c mice due to the action of a single gene, Lr. Differences in the histopathology of listeriosis in the two strains were sought. Of the tissues examined, only liver, spleen, blood, and thymus showed changes. In the liver, Listeria localized in Kupffer cells within 3 h of infection. By 24 h these cells became surrounded by neutrophilic polymorphonuclear leukocytes. After high doses of Listeria , the susceptible BALB/c mice showed many foci surrounded by few polymorphs, whereas in the resistant C57BL/10 mice there were relatively few foci surrounded by many polymorphs. By 4 days in sublethally infected mice the polymorphs in the liver of both strains were being replaced by monocytes and macrophages. Liver morphology returned to normal by 8 days postinfection. In the blood of both strains there was a rise in total lymphocyte numbers at 24 h, followed by a fall in T-lymphocytes and recovery at 5 days. C57BL/10 mice showed an early monocytic response in the blood, whereas BALB/c mice showed a polymorph leukocytosis. In the spleens of both C57BL/10 and BALB/c mice there was an early neutrophil response and red pulp hyperemia. This was followed by a dramatic lymphocyte depletion in the T-dependent periarteriolar regions in both strains beginning 2 days after infection. Absolute numbers of Thy-1 + cells in spleen cell suspensions also fell to 10% of normal, recovering 6 to 8 days postinfection. Surface immunoglobulin-positive B-lymphocytes and Thy-1 − , immunoglobulin-negative “null” cells rose in both strains at days 4 to 5, returning to normal levels on days 10 to 12. Whether the null cells represent lymphocytes or other cell types remains unresolved. Thymus atrophy was seen in the BALB/c mice but not in C57BL/10 mice.

Ultrastructural localization of cationic proteins in cytoplasmic granules of chicken and rabbit polymorphonuclear leukocytes

1975 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-94
Author(s):  
E.K. Macrae ◽  
J.K. Spitznagel
Keyword(s):  
Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes ◽  
Intracellular Localization ◽  
Ultrastructural Localization ◽  
Cationic Protein ◽  
Cationic Proteins ◽  
Cytoplasmic Granules ◽  
Electron Dense Deposit ◽  
Dense Deposit ◽  
Neutrophilic Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes ◽  
Ammoniacal Silver

Cytoplasmic granules known to contain cationic arginine-rich proteins can be identified by the ammoniacal silver reaction (ASR) which provides a cytochemical marker detectable under the electron microscope. Only the large rod-shaped granules of the chicken polymorphonuclear leukocytes (heterophils) and the large spherical azurophilic granules of the rabbit neutrophilic polymorphonuclear leukocytes show the ASR product as a discrete particulate electron-dense deposit. The other smaller granules are devoid of reaction product, as are membranes and mitochondria. The intracellular localization of the ASR product, as are membranes and mitochondria. The intracellular localization of the ASR product on the large granules coincides with the ASR product localization on the same isolated granule populations, when the ammoniacal silver reaction is applied to these granules after their separation by sucrose-density gradients. The cationic proteins may have intraleukocytic bacteriolytic properties, since ASR product, presumably indicating cationic protein from discharged granules, appears to surround ingested bacteria within cytoplasmic phagosomes.

Persistent Acute Inflammation at the Implant-Abutment Interface

2003 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 232-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Broggini ◽  
L.M. McManus ◽  
J.S. Hermann ◽  
R.U. Medina ◽  
T.W. Oates ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Loss ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes ◽  
Acute Inflammation ◽  
Inflammatory Cell ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
The Third ◽  
Initial Surgery ◽  
Cell Accumulation ◽  
Implant Abutment ◽  
Neutrophilic Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes

The inflammatory response adjacent to implants has not been well-investigated and may influence peri-implant tissue levels. The purpose of this study was to assess, histomorphometrically, (1) the timing of abutment connection and (2) the influence of a microgap. Three implant designs were placed in the mandibles of dogs. Two-piece implants were placed at the alveolar crest and abutments connected either at initial surgery (non-submerged) or three months later (submerged). The third implant was one-piece. Adjacent interstitial tissues were analyzed. Both two-piece implants resulted in a peak of inflammatory cells approximately 0.50 mm coronal to the microgap and consisted primarily of neutrophilic polymorphonuclear leukocytes. For one-piece implants, no such peak was observed. Also, significantly greater bone loss was observed for both two-piece implants compared with one-piece implants. In summary, the absence of an implant-abutment interface (microgap) at the bone crest was associated with reduced peri-implant inflammatory cell accumulation and minimal bone loss.

scholarly journals BIOCHEMICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF AZUROPHIL AND SPECIFIC GRANULES OF HUMAN NEUTROPHILIC POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES

1974 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 251-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ursula Bretz ◽  
Marco Baggiolini
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Membrane Fraction ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Average Density ◽  
Lysosomal Hydrolases ◽  
Specific Granules ◽  
Neutrophilic Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes ◽  
A Minor

Postnuclear supernates from homogenates of purified neutrophil polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) from human blood were fractionated by zonal sedimentation and isopycnic equilibration in sucrose gradients. The fractions were characterized biochemically by measuring protein content and the activities of eight enzymes. Selected fractions were further analyzed by electron microscopy. In both centrifugation systems, azurophil and specific granules could be resolved almost completely. Azurophil granules sediment three to four times faster than the specifics and have an average density of 1.23. They contain all the peroxidase of the cells, large portions of four lysosomal hydrolases, and about half of the total lysozyme, and therefore appear to be, in biochemical terms, very similar to the azurophil granules of rabbit PMNs. The specific granules, which have an average density of 1.19, contain the remaining half of the lysozyme but appear to be free of the other components of the azurophil granules, and of alkaline phosphatase. Isopycnic equilibration disclosed a minor lysosomal population, which strongly overlaps the specific granules, and made possible the identification of a membrane-fraction which is characterized by the presence of the thiol-sensitive acid 4-nitrophenyl phosphatase and of alkaline phosphatase.

scholarly journals Differences in myeloperoxidase activity from neutrophilic polymorphonuclear leukocytes of differing density: relationship to selective exocytosis of distinct forms of the enzyme

Blood ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 1116-1124
Author(s):  
SO Pember ◽  
JM Jr Kinkade
Keyword(s):  
Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Gradient Centrifugation ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Myeloperoxidase Activity ◽  
Percoll Density Gradient Centrifugation ◽  
Density Relationship ◽  
Neutrophilic Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes

Elicited murine neutrophilic polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) were fractionated by Percoll density gradient centrifugation into high density (HD) and intermediate density (ID) populations. As described in the accompanying article HD- and ID-PMN appear to represent “resting” and “activated” cell populations, respectively. Consistent with this possibility, histochemical and biochemical evidence suggested that ID- PMN were degranulated compared to HD-PMN. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) in the ID-PMN population showed increased sensitivity to inhibition by 3-amino- 1,2,4-triazole, and HD-PMN exhibited a 2–3-fold increase in chloride and iodide oxidation per unit of MPO activity compared to ID-PMN. When HD-PMN were induced to degranulate in vitro, the remaining cell- associated MPO displayed enzymatic properties characteristic of the activity associated with ID-PMN. The mechanism of this phenomenon was also investigated in vitro using purified human peripheral blood PMN and the synthetic chemotactic peptide N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl- phenylalanine. Differences in cell-associated MPO activity were shown to be related to selective exocytosis of enzymatically and chromatographically distinct forms of the enzyme. These data indicate that, in addition to the well known selective exocytosis of specific and azurophilic granules induced by various agents, selectivity may also occur at the level of enzymatically distinct forms of a particular granule enzyme. Moreover, our observations provide further evidence that density differences may be utilized to fractionate and study the generation of functionally distinct subpopulations of PMN that arise in vivo as well as in vitro following exposure to various stimuli.

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