Ligation of CD2 Provides a Strong Helper Signal for the Production of the Type 2 Cytokines Interleukin-4 and -5 by Memory T Cells

1997 ◽  
Vol 181 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohui Peng ◽  
Ahmad Kasran ◽  
Dominique Bullens ◽  
Jan L. Ceuppens
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Memory T Cells ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Type 2 Cytokines

Peyer's patch CD8+ memory T cells secrete T helper type 1 and type 2 cytokines and provide help for immunoglobulin secretion

1994 ◽  
Vol 24 (12) ◽  
pp. 3087-3092 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anand S. Lagoo ◽  
John H. Eldridge ◽  
Sandhya Lagoo-Deenadaylan ◽  
C. Allen Black ◽  
Ben U. Ridwan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Memory T Cells ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Peyer's Patch ◽  
Immunoglobulin Secretion ◽  
Type 2 Cytokines ◽  
Cd8 Memory T Cells ◽  
Helper Type

scholarly journals A type 2 cytokine axis for thymus emigration

2017 ◽  
Vol 214 (8) ◽  
pp. 2205-2216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea J. White ◽  
Song Baik ◽  
Sonia M. Parnell ◽  
Amanda M. Holland ◽  
Frank Brombacher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Perivascular Spaces ◽  
Thymocyte Development ◽  
Invariant Nkt Cells ◽  
Developmental Program ◽  
Innate T Cells ◽  
Type 2 Cytokines ◽  
Thymic Stromal Cells

In the thymus, stromal microenvironments support a developmental program that generates mature T cells ready for thymic exit. The cellular and molecular specialization within thymic stromal cells that enables their regulation of specific stages of thymocyte development is poorly understood. Here, we show the thymic microenvironment expresses the type 2 IL-4R complex and is functionally responsive to its known ligands, IL-4 and IL-13. Absence of IL-4Rα limits thymocyte emigration, leading to an intrathymic accumulation of mature thymocytes within medullary perivascular spaces and reduced numbers of recent thymic emigrants. Thymus transplantation shows this requirement maps to IL-4Rα expression by stromal cells, and we provide evidence that it regulates thymic exit via a process distinct from S1P-mediated migration. Finally, we reveal a cellular mechanism by which IL-4+IL-13+ invariant NKT cells are necessary for IL-4Rα signaling that regulates thymic exit. Collectively, we define a new axis for thymic emigration involving stimulation of the thymic microenvironment via type 2 cytokines from innate T cells.

T cells specific for Candida albicans antigens and producing type 2 cytokines in lesional mucosa of untreated HIV-infected patients with pseudomembranous oropharyngeal candidiasis

2008 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Vultaggio ◽  
Letizia Lombardelli ◽  
Maria Grazia Giudizi ◽  
Roberta Biagiotti ◽  
Benedetta Mazzinghi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Oropharyngeal Candidiasis ◽  
Type 2 Cytokines

scholarly journals Clinical and Immune Impact of Mycobacterium bovis BCG Vaccination Scarring

2002 ◽  
Vol 70 (11) ◽  
pp. 6188-6195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janine Jason ◽  
Lennox K. Archibald ◽  
Okey C. Nwanyanwu ◽  
Peter N. Kazembe ◽  
Julie A. Chatt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Mycobacterium Bovis ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Surrogate Marker ◽  
Bcg Vaccine ◽  
World Health ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Bcg Vaccination ◽  
Cytokine Pattern

ABSTRACT The World Health Organization recommends Mycobacterium bovis BCG vaccination in areas of high tuberculosis prevalence. BCG's clinical and immune effects, not necessarily Mycobacterium tuberculosis specific, are unclear. BCG vaccine scarring often is used as a surrogate marker of vaccination or of effective vaccination. We evaluated BCG scarring status in relation to clinical findings and outcome in 700 hospitalized Malawians, of whom 32 had M. tuberculosis bloodstream infections (BSI) (10 of whom had cellular immune studies done) and of whom 48 were infants <6 months old and therefore recently vaccinated (19 of whom had immune studies). In the patients ≥6 months old, scarring was not related to the presence of pulmonary symptoms (35 versus 30%), chronic cough or fever, mortality, or M. tuberculosis BSI. In M. tuberculosis BSI patients, scarring was unrelated to mortality, vital signs, or clinical symptoms but those with scarring had higher proportions of memory and activated T cells and more type 2-skewed cytokine profiles. Infants with either BCG scarring (n = 10) or BCG lesional inflammation (n = 5) had no symptoms of sepsis, but 18 of 33 infants without BCG vaccination lesions did. Those with BCG lesions had localized infections more often than did those without BCG lesions. These infants also had lower median percentages of lymphocytes spontaneously making interleukin-4 (IL-4) or tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and lower ratios of T cells spontaneously making IL-4 to T cells making IL-6. Thus, we found that, in older patients, BCG vaccine scarring was not associated with M. tuberculosis-specific or nonspecific clinical protection. Those with M. tuberculosis BSI and scarring had immune findings suggesting previous M. tuberculosis antigen exposure and induction of a type 2 cytokine pattern with acute reexposure. It is unlikely that this type 2 pattern would be protective against mycobacteria, which require a type 1 response for effective containment. In infants <6 months old, recent BCG vaccination was associated with a non-M. tuberculosis-specific, anti-inflammatory cytokine profile. That the vaccinated infants had a greater frequency of localized infections and lesser frequency of sepsis symptoms suggests that this postvaccination cytokine pattern may provide some non-M. tuberculosis-specific clinical benefits.

scholarly journals Oxazolone Colitis: A Murine Model of  T Helper Cell Type 2 Colitis Treatable with Antibodies to Interleukin 4

1998 ◽  
Vol 188 (10) ◽  
pp. 1929-1939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Boirivant ◽  
Ivan J. Fuss ◽  
Alan Chu ◽  
Warren Strober
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
T Helper Cell ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Helper Cell ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Helper Cell Type

In this study we describe oxazolone colitis, a new form of experimental colitis. This model is induced in SJL/J mice by the rectal instillation of the haptenating agent, oxazolone, and is characterized by a rapidly developing colitis confined to the distal half of the colon; it consists of a mixed neutrophil/lymphocyte infiltration limited to the superficial layer of the mucosa which is associated with ulceration. Oxazolone colitis is a T helper cell type 2 (Th2)-mediated process since stimulated T cells from lesional tissue produce markedly increased amounts of interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-5; in addition, anti–IL-4 administration leads to a striking amelioration of disease, whereas anti–IL-12 administration either has no effect or exacerbates disease. Finally, this proinflammatory Th2 cytokine response is counterbalanced by a massive transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) response which limits both the extent and duration of disease: lesional (distal) T cells manifest a 20–30-fold increase in TGF-β production, whereas nonlesional (proximal) T cells manifest an even greater 40–50-fold increase. In addition, anti–TGF-β administration leads to more severe inflammation which now involves the entire colon. The histologic features and distribution of oxazolone colitis have characteristics that resemble ulcerative colitis (UC) and thus sharply distinguish this model from most other models, which usually resemble Crohn's disease. This feature of oxazolone colitis as well as its cytokine profile have important implications to the pathogenesis and treatment of UC.

scholarly journals Extent of T cell receptor ligation can determine the functional differentiation of naive CD4+ T cells.

1995 ◽  
Vol 182 (5) ◽  
pp. 1591-1596 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Constant ◽  
C Pfeiffer ◽  
A Woodard ◽  
T Pasqualini ◽  
K Bottomly
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
T Cell Receptor ◽  
Cd4 T Cells ◽  
Cell Receptor ◽  
Functional Differentiation ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Cell Mediated Immunity ◽  
Receptor Ligation

Naive CD4+ T cells can differentiate into cells predominantly involved in humoral immunity, known as T helper type 2 cells (Th2), or cells involved in cell-mediated immunity, known as Th1 cells. In this report, we show that priming of CD4+ T cells bearing a transgene-encoded T cell receptor can lead to differentiation into Th1-like cells producing abundant interferon gamma when the cells are exposed to high antigen doses, while low doses of the same peptide induce cells with the same T cell receptor to differentiate into Th2-like cells producing abundant interleukin 4. Thus antigen dose is one factor that can control the differentiation fate of a naive CD4+ T cell.

scholarly journals Dysregulated Synthesis of Intracellular Type 1 and Type 2 Cytokines by T Cells of Patients with Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma

1999 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bang-Ning Lee ◽  
Madeleine Duvic ◽  
Chih-Kwang Tang ◽  
Carlos Bueso-Ramos ◽  
Zeev Estrov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Cutaneous T Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Healthy Donors ◽  
Type 2 Cytokines ◽  
Ifn Γ

ABSTRACT Mycosis fungoides (MF) and Sezary syndrome (SS) are the two main clinical entities of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL). As the disease progresses from MF to SS, a switch from a type 1 (interleukin [IL]-2 and gamma interferon [IFN-γ]) to a type 2 (IL-4) cytokine production profile occurs. Although roles for type 1 and type 2 cytokines in the pathogenesis of CTCL have been proposed, the cellular origins of these cytokines are unclear. Using flow cytometry to identify individual T-cell subsets, we studied cytokine synthesis by the T cells of 13 patients with SS and 12 with MF and 9 hematologically healthy donors. Upon activation with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), the numbers of T cells synthesizing IL-2 were similar for all study groups. Whereas the predominant T-cell producing IL-2 in healthy donors and in those with MF was CD7+, in patients with SS, it was CD7−. Although the number of IL-4+CD4+ T cells was low for all study groups, there was a significantly higher number of IL-4+ CD8+ T cells in patients with MF than in those with SS or healthy donors. There was a decline in the number of IFN-γ-producing T cells in CTCL donors compared to that in healthy donors. More importantly, there was a significant decrease in the number of IFN-γ-producing T cells with disease progression from MF to SS. The inability of these T cells to synthesize IFN-γ may have prognostic value in CTCL, since it may be responsible for the progression of the disease from MF to SS.

scholarly journals Correction: Human CD141+ Dendritic Cells Induce CD4+ T Cells To Produce Type 2 Cytokines

2014 ◽  
Vol 193 (12) ◽  
pp. 6210-6210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun I. Yu ◽  
Christian Becker ◽  
Patrick Metang ◽  
Florentina Marches ◽  
Yuanyuan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Cd4 T Cells ◽  
Type 2 Cytokines
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