Dose–Response to a Two-Component Acellular Pertussis Vaccine In Infants and Comparison with Whole-cell Vaccine

Biologicals ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry S Auerbach ◽  
Alan M Lake ◽  
Modena E Wilson ◽  
Field F Willingham ◽  
Jon Shematek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pertussis Vaccine ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Acellular Pertussis Vaccine ◽  
Cell Vaccine ◽  
Whole Cell ◽  
Two Component ◽  
Whole Cell Vaccine

scholarly journals Antibody Responses to Bordetella pertussis Fim2 or Fim3 following Immunization with a Whole-Cell, Two-Component, or Five-Component Acellular Pertussis Vaccine and following Pertussis Disease in Children in Sweden in 1997 and 2007

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Hallander ◽  
Abdolreza Advani ◽  
Frances Alexander ◽  
Lennart Gustafsson ◽  
Margaretha Ljungman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pertussis Vaccine ◽  
Bordetella Pertussis ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Acellular Pertussis Vaccine ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
Cell Vaccine ◽  
Whole Cell ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Two Component ◽  
Whole Cell Vaccine

ABSTRACTBordetella pertussisfimbriae (Fim2 and Fim3) are components of a five-component acellular pertussis vaccine (diphtheria–tetanus–acellular pertussis vaccine [DTaP5]), and antibody responses to fimbriae have been associated with protection. We analyzed the IgG responses to individual Fim2 and Fim3 in sera remaining from a Swedish placebo-controlled efficacy trial that compared a whole-cell vaccine (diphtheria-tetanus-whole-cell pertussis vaccine [DTwP]), a two-component acellular pertussis vaccine (DTaP2), and DTaP5. One month following three doses of the Fim-containing vaccines (DTwP or DTaP5), anti-Fim2 geometric mean IgG concentrations were higher than those for anti-Fim3, with a greater anti-Fim2/anti-Fim3 IgG ratio elicited by DTaP5. We also determined the responses in vaccinated children following an episode of pertussis. Those who received DTaP5 showed a large rise in anti-Fim2 IgG, reflecting the predominant Fim2 serotype at the time. In contrast, those who received DTwP showed an equal rise in anti-Fim2 and anti-Fim3 IgG concentrations, indicating that DTwP may provide a more efficient priming effect for a Fim3 response following contact withB. pertussis. Anti-Fim2 and anti-Fim3 IgG concentrations were also determined in samples from two seroprevalence studies conducted in Sweden in 1997, when no pertussis vaccine was used and Fim2 isolates predominated, and in 2007, when either DTaP2 or DTaP3 without fimbriae was used and Fim3 isolates predominated. Very similar distributions of anti-Fim2 and anti-Fim3 IgG concentrations were obtained in 1997 and 2007, except that anti-Fim3 concentrations in 1997 were lower. This observation, together with the numbers of individuals with both anti-Fim2 and anti-Fim3 IgG concentrations, strongly suggests thatB. pertussisexpresses both Fim2 and Fim3 during infection.

Primary Immunization of Infants With an Acellular Pertussis Vaccine in a Double-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-299
Author(s):  
Margareta Blennow ◽  
Marta Granström ◽  
Eva Jäätmaa ◽  
Patrick Olin
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
Pertussis Vaccine ◽  
Acellular Pertussis Vaccine ◽  
Cell Vaccine ◽  
Primary Immunization ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Whole Cell ◽  
Whole Cell Vaccine ◽  
Acellular Vaccine

The rate of adverse reactions and the immunogenicity of a two-component acellular pertussis vaccine as compared with a plain whole-cell vaccine and a placebo were evaluated for primary immunization in 319 6-month-old infants in a double-blind randomized clinical trial. The acellular vaccine produced few and mild systemic and local reactions. Fever (≥38°C) occurred in 6% to 8% of acellular vaccinees as opposed to 25% to 37% of whole-cell vaccinees. Redness (≥1 cm) appeared in 2% to 13% of the acellular vaccine and 24% to 32% of the whole-cell vaccine recipients. Antibody response to pertussis toxin measured in a neutralization test was obtained in 97% to 100% of the infants receiving either two or three doses of the acellular vaccine as compared to 59% after three doses of whole-cell vaccine.

Effectiveness of a single dose of acellular pertussis vaccine to prevent pertussis in children primed with pertussis whole cell vaccine

Vaccine ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 19 (20-22) ◽  
pp. 3004-3008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaston De Serres ◽  
Ramak Shadmani ◽  
Nicole Boulianne ◽  
Bernard Duval ◽  
Louis Rochette ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Pertussis Vaccine ◽  
Acellular Pertussis Vaccine ◽  
Cell Vaccine ◽  
Whole Cell ◽  
Whole Cell Vaccine

scholarly journals Marked decline in pertussis followed reintroduction of pertussis vaccination in Sweden

1999 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 128-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Olin ◽  
H O Hallander
Keyword(s):  
Pertussis Vaccine ◽  
Vaccination Programme ◽  
Acellular Pertussis Vaccine ◽  
Cell Vaccine ◽  
Whole Cell ◽  
Whole Cell Vaccine ◽  
Marked Decline

Immunisation against pertussis with an acellular pertussis vaccine for children at 3, 5, and 12 months was included in the Swedish vaccination programme in January 1996, 17 years after the withdrawal of whole cell vaccine in 1979. Within months coverage r

Comparison of acellular pertussis vaccine with whole cell vaccine as a booster in children 15 to 18 months and 4 to 6 years of age

1993 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
DAVID I. BERNSTEIN ◽  
VICKI E. SMITH ◽  
GILBERT M. SCHIFF ◽  
HAL M. RATHFON ◽  
JEROME A. BOSCIA
Keyword(s):  
Pertussis Vaccine ◽  
Acellular Pertussis Vaccine ◽  
Cell Vaccine ◽  
Whole Cell ◽  
Whole Cell Vaccine

scholarly journals A Comparison of Pertussis Rates in the Northwest Territories: Pre- and Postacellular Pertussis Vaccine Introduction in Children and Adolescents

2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 271-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kami Kandola ◽  
Amy Lea ◽  
Wanda White ◽  
Maria Santos
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Northwest Territories ◽  
Pertussis Vaccine ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Cell Vaccine ◽  
Whole Cell ◽  
Vaccine Introduction ◽  
Whole Cell Vaccine ◽  
The Government

INTRODUCTION: During the past decade, a trend toward increasing cases ofBordetella pertussisin older children and adults has been witnessed in Canada. The National Advisory Committee on Immunization now recommends that the adult formulation of the acellular pertussis (adult dTap) vaccine combined with diphtheria and tetanus toxoids be substituted for diphtheria and tetanus toxoids alone for the 14- to 16-year-old booster dose. In October 2000, the government of the Northwest Territories was one of the first to adopt adult dTap into their territorial immunization program free of charge.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of the acellular pertussis vaccine in children and adolescents on the epidemiology of pertussis in the Northwest Territories.METHODS: Pertussis is a reportable disease in the Northwest Territories, and data on the incidence rates of pertussis are available from 1989 to 2004. The present study reviews pertussis cases during three four-year periods: the whole-cell vaccine era (1993 to 1996); the preadult dTap era (1997 to 2000); and the postadult dTap era (2001 to 2004).RESULTS: The incidence of pertussis decreased from 18.0 cases per 10,000 population in 1993 to 0.2 cases per 10,000 population in 2004. The number of cases decreased from 186 to 129 to 19 cases in the three chronological time periods (ie, whole-cell vaccine era, preadult dTap era and postadult dTap era, respectively), with the most substantial reduction coming with the introduction of postadult dTap.CONCLUSIONS: There appears to be a decrease in the incidence of pertussis with the targeted introduction of adult dTap in the Northwest Territories.

scholarly journals Pertussis Immunization for Adolescents: What Are We Waiting for?

2001 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
SA Halperin
Keyword(s):  
Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Pertussis Vaccine ◽  
Whooping Cough ◽  
Acellular Pertussis Vaccine ◽  
Cell Vaccine ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Childhood Immunization ◽  
Whole Cell ◽  
Questions And Answers ◽  
Adolescents And Adults

Immunization against pertussis (whooping cough) has been part of the routine childhood immunization program for over 50 years. Until 1997, a whole cell pertussis vaccine was used, most often combined with diphtheria and tetanus toxoids; in some jurisdictions it was combined with inactivated poliovirus vaccine and later withHaemophilus influenzaetype b (Hib)-conjugate vaccine. Vaccine doses were given at two, four, six and 18 months of age, and again at four to six years of age. Use of the whole cell vaccine in children seven years of age and older was not recommended because "the incidence and severity of the disease greatly decrease with age, and because adverse reactions are (may be) more common in older children and adults..." (1-3). Over a one-year period in 1997/98, all provinces in Canada began using an acellular pertussis vaccine, again combined with diphtheria and tetanus toxoids, inactivated poliovirus vaccine and Hib-conjugate vaccine. In 1999, an acellular pertussis vaccine that was combined with tetanus and diphtheria toxoids (TdaP) (Adacel, Aventis Pasteur, Canada) was licensed for use in individuals 12 to 54 years of age in Canada. In Germany, a similar adolescent and adult TdaP was licensed in 2000 (Boostrix, SmithKline Beecham, Belgium). With the availability of a TdaP product in Canada, should routine universal immunization against pertussis be provided for all adolescents and adults? Some of the key issues to be considered when answering this question are addressed in the questions and answers that follow. The focus of the present paper is on the adolescent population; however, similar issues about adult immunization need to be addressed by internal medicine and family practice practitioners.

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