Compatibility of Chemical Disease and Insect Management Practices Used in New York Vineyards with Biological Control by Anagrus spp. (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae), Parasitoids of Erythroneura Leafhoppers

2001 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Martinson ◽  
Livy Williams ◽  
Greg English-Loeb
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Biological Control ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Insect Management

Reduce Disease Burden of Human Schistosomiasis in Asia Through Biological Control

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 1118-1132
Author(s):  
Sidra Saleem ◽  
Haroon Ahmed ◽  
Tooba Siddiqui ◽  
Seyma Gunyakti Kilinc ◽  
Aisha Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Parasitic Disease ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Neglected Disease ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Near Future

Schistosomiasis is a chronic parasitic disease caused by a trematode blood fluke of the genus Schistosoma that belongs to the Schistosomatidae family. It is a neglected disease in different regions of Asia. In this review, 218 articles (between 2000 and 2017) related to the topic were collected from PubMed and Google scholar and reviewed. After thoroughly reading collected articles, due to irrelevant topic requirements, 94 articles were excluded. Articles that have data associated with Asian regions are considered. In Asia, the disease is prevalent in China, Philippines, Indonesia, Yemen, Nepal and Laos, etc. While in Pakistan, India and Bangladesh, the disease is not endemic and very few cases were reported. The disease was eliminated from Japan and Iran. The current review highlights the geographical distribution among Asian countries, transmission patterns, diagnosis, control strategies based on the use of anthelmintic plants and management practices implemented in Asia for the control of schistosomiasis. However, new implementations to treat schistosomiasis in humans should be proved to eliminate the disease finally in the future. This review emphasizes the biological control of schistosomiasis for the eradication of the disease from Asia in the near future.

scholarly journals Field Evaluation of Biological Control of Fire Blight in the Eastern United States

Plant Disease ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 386-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
George W. Sundin ◽  
Nicole A. Werner ◽  
Keith S. Yoder ◽  
Herb S. Aldwinckle
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
Biological Control ◽  
Fire Blight ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Pantoea Agglomerans ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Bacterial Antagonists ◽  
Bacterial Endospores ◽  
Control Options

The bacterial antagonists Pseudomonas fluorescens A506, Pantoea agglomerans C9-1, and Pantoea agglomerans E325 and preparations of Bacillus subtilis QST 713 containing bacterial endospores and lipopeptide metabolites were evaluated for efficacy in controlling fire blight in Michigan, New York, and Virginia. When examined individually, the biological control materials were not consistently effective in reducing blossom infection. The average reduction in blossom infection observed in experiments conducted between 2001 and 2007 was variable and ranged from 9.1 to 36.1%, while control with streptomycin was consistent and ranged from 59.0 to 67.3%. Incidence of blossom colonization by the bacterial antagonists was inconsistent, and <60% of stigmata had the antagonists present in 12 of 25 experiments. Consistent control of blossom infection was observed when the biological control materials were integrated into programs with streptomycin, resulting in a reduction of the number of streptomycin applications needed to yield similar levels of control. Our results indicate that the prospects for biological control of fire blight in the eastern United States are currently not high due to the variability in efficacy of existing biological control options.

Investigating the distribution of strains of Erwinia amylovora and streptomycin resistance in apple orchards in New York using CRISPR profiles: a six-year follow-up

Plant Disease ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Wallis ◽  
Isabella Magna Yannuzzi ◽  
Mei-Wah Choi ◽  
John Spafford ◽  
Matthew Siemon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New England ◽  
Fire Blight ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Erwinia Amylovora ◽  
Resistance Management ◽  
Strain Differences ◽  
Streptomycin Resistance ◽  
Management Recommendations

Fire blight, caused by the bacterium Erwinia amylovora, is one of the most important diseases of apple. The antibiotic streptomycin is routinely used in the commercial apple industries of New York and New England to manage the disease. In 2002, and again from 2011 to 2014, outbreaks of streptomycin resistance (SmR) were reported and investigated in NY. Motivated by new grower reports of control failures, we conducted a follow-up investigation of the distribution of SmR and E. amylovora strains for major apple production regions of NY over the last six years (2015-2020). Characterization of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR) profiles revealed that a few ‘cosmopolitan’ strains were widely prevalent across regions, while many other ‘resident’ strains were confined to one location. In addition, we uncovered novel CRISPR profile diversity in all investigated regions. SmR E. amylovora was detected only in a small area spanning two counties from 2017 to 2020, and always associated with one CRISPR profile (41:23:38), which matched the profile of SmR E. amylovora discovered in 2002. This suggests the original SmR E. amylovora was never fully eradicated and went undetected due to several seasons of low disease pressure in this region. Investigation of several representative isolates under controlled greenhouse conditions indicated significant differences in aggressiveness on ‘Gala’ apples. Potential implications of strain differences include the propensity of strains to become distributed across wide geographic regions and associated resistance management practices. Results from this work will directly influence sustainable fire blight management recommendations for commercial apple industries in NY State and other regions.

scholarly journals Demonstrating an integrated pest management strategy in forage- and seed-brassica crops using a collaborative approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. 112-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abie Horrocks ◽  
Paul A. Horne ◽  
Melanie M. Davidson
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Collaborative Approach ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
Brassica Crops ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Management Approaches

An integrated pest management (IPM) strategy was compared with farmers’ conventional pest management practices on twelve spring- and autumn-sown seed and forage brassica crops. Demonstration trials were conducted in Canterbury from spring 2015 to autumn 2017 by splitting farmers’ paddocks in half and applying the two management approaches side by side. A farmer participatory approach was used, with management decisions based on monitoring pests and biological-control agents. Farmer and adviser training with a focus on monitoring and identification was carried out. Biological-control agents capable of contributing to pest control were identified in all brassica crops. There was a 35% reduction in the number of insecticides applied under IPM compared with conventional management, negligible crop yield differences, and the type of insecticides applied was different. IPM adoption at these farms was high by the end of the 3-year project with 11 of the 12 farmers implementing IPM across 90—100% of their brassica crops. This project was a starting point for an industry-wide change of practice to IPM, which has become more widespread since its completion.

Water quality response to riparian restoration in an agricultural watershed in Vermont, USA

2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 175-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Meals
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Agricultural Watershed ◽  
Riparian Restoration ◽  
Lake Champlain ◽  
Grab Sampling ◽  
National Monitoring ◽  
Treatment Techniques

Achievement of management goals for Lake Champlain (Vermont/New York, USA and Quebec, Canada) will require reduction of agricultural phosphorus loads, the dominant nonpoint source in the Basin. Cost-effective phosphorus reduction strategies need reliable treatment techniques beyond basic cropland and waste management practices. The Lake Champlain Basin Agricultural Watersheds National Monitoring Program (NMP) Project evaluates the effectiveness of livestock exclusion, streambank protection, and riparian restoration practices in reducing concentrations and loads of nutrients, sediment, and bacteria in surface waters. Treatment and control watersheds in northwestern Vermont have been monitored since 1994 according to a paired-watershed design. Monitoring consists of continuous stream discharge recording, flow-proportional sampling for total P, total Kjeldahl N, and total suspended solids, grab sampling for indicator bacterial, and land use/agricultural monitoring. Strong statistical calibration between the control and treatment watersheds has been achieved. Installation of riparian fencing, protected stream crossings, and streambank bioengineering was completed in 1997. Early post-treatment data suggest significant reduction in P concentrations and loads and in bacteria counts in the treated watershed. Monitoring is scheduled to continue through 2000.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document