Biological Control of Stump Sprouting of Broadleaf Species in Rights-of-Way with Chondrostereum purpureum: Incidence of the Disease on Nontarget Hosts

1999 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyne Gosselin ◽  
Robert Jobidon ◽  
Louis Bernier
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Stump Sprouting ◽  
Chondrostereum Purpureum ◽  
Broadleaf Species

Use of the silverleaf fungus Chondrostereum purpureum for biological control of stump-sprouting, riparian weedy tree species in New Zealand

2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. E. Bellgard ◽  
V. W. Johnson ◽  
D. J. Than ◽  
N. Anand ◽  
C. J. Winks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Stump Sprouting ◽  
Chondrostereum Purpureum

The Fungus Chondrostereum purpureum as a Silvicide to Control Stump Sprouting in Hardwoods

1990 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ron E. Wall
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Maple ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Red Maple ◽  
Fungus Infection ◽  
Hardwood Species ◽  
Stump Sprouting ◽  
Concomitant Reduction ◽  
Paper Birch ◽  
Chondrostereum Purpureum

Abstract Cultures of the fungus Chondrostereum purpureum (Fr.)Pouzar were applied to cut surfaces of hardwood stumps immediately after the trees were felled in late spring and summer and the stumps monitored for fungus infection and adventitious sprouting during the ensuing 2 years. Hardwood species inoculated were red maple, sugar maple, yellow birch, paper birch, pin cherry, trembling aspen, and beech. The fungus was applied as wheat bran cultures in a mineral oil slurry or by inverting petri dish cultures on the stump. All treatments resulted in development of sporophores of the fungus on the stump within 2 years and a concomitant reduction, as compared to the uninoculated controls, of the number of stump sprouts. The speed of stump invasion by the fungus and reduction of sprouting varied both among and within species. The feasibility of using this fungus as a biological control of regrowth after stand cleaning is discussed. North. J. Appl. For. 7(1):17-19, March 1990.

Variation in the mitochondrial DNA of the potential biological control agent Chondrostereum purpureum

2000 ◽  
Vol 77 (10) ◽  
pp. 1490-1498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tod D Ramsfield ◽  
Simon F Shamoun ◽  
Zamir K Punja ◽  
William E Hintz
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
British Columbia ◽  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Cytochrome B ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Restriction Enzymes ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Chondrostereum Purpureum

The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of Chondrostereum purpureum (Pers.:Fr.) Pouzar was extracted and purified, and the size ranged from 51.8 to 66.4 kb. One isolate each from British Columbia, Alberta, Finland, the Netherlands, and New Zealand were found to have identical BamHI mtDNA restriction patterns, resulting in a mitochondrial genome of 63.8 kb. An additional isolate from British Columbia and one from Switzerland had different banding patterns, however, resulting in mitochondrial genomes of 66.4 kb and 51.8 kb, respectively. A sequence-characterized amplified region (SCAR) assay, based on a polymerase chain reaction, was developed to rapidly screen a larger population of 84 isolates from North America, Europe, and New Zealand. Two SCARs, one encoding the NADH 4 gene (3 kb) and the second encoding the ATPase VI and cytochrome b genes (5.1 kb), were digested with 24 restriction enzymes. There were no polymorphisms in the NADH 4 containing SCAR, while a single polymorphism was detected by NsiI in the ATPase VI - cytochrome b containing SCAR. Two mitochondrial haplotypes that were distributed throughout the sample population were thus identified. The coancestry coefficient (<$Q7A0D00000010446D80BFFEFF88A524F5343905055B98C420120907B4DDA9ECB1F0>) for all subpopulations of the sample population was calculated to be 0.0353. The level of gene diversity in the mtDNA ofC. purpureum suggested that the chance introduction of novel mitochondrial genes following biological control applications of the fungus is relatively low.

Population Dynamics of Broadleaf Weeds in Turfgrass as Influenced by Chemical and Biological Control Methods

Weed Science ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 371-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed H. Abu-Dieyeh ◽  
Alan K. Watson
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Seed Bank ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Early Autumn ◽  
Herbicide Treatment ◽  
Broadleaf Species

A 3-yr field study was conducted to determine the effect of a biological control agent,Sclerotinia minorJagger, and a common herbicide, Killex, on the population dynamics of dandelion and other broadleaf species and on the dandelion seed bank. Treatments were applied as one spring, one early autumn, or a spring plus an early autumn treatment per year. The response of the dandelion population to a spring herbicide treatment was similar to two applications per year (spring and early autumn). Significantly less dandelion control occurred after the first early autumn application of the herbicide. Two weeks after application, spring or early autumn treatments withS. minorwere equally effective in suppressing dandelions. In the second year of the two applications per year ofS. minortreatment, weed control was equivalent to the herbicide. By the third year of the one spring application ofS. minor, weed control was equivalent to the herbicide. Generally over the study period, the early autumn application ofS. minorwas less effective than the spring or the spring and early autumn applications. TheS. minortreatments significantly reduced the dandelion seed bank, and this effect was not significantly different from the Killex herbicide treatment. The rate, frequency, and seasonal timing of application had no effect on the dandelion seed-bank size, but terminating the application would gradually replenish the seed bank. Populations of white clover, broadleaf plantain, birdsfoot trefoil, and common ragweed were similarly suppressed by either theS. minoror the herbicide treatments. Yellow woodsorrel significantly increased after 1 yr of herbicide treatment compared with theS. minorand untreated control treatments, indicating a possible weed species shift. Turf quality was improved because of the herbicide andS. minortreatments, but grass injury and smooth crabgrass invasion were recorded in 17% of herbicide-treated plots.

scholarly journals The efficacy of Chondrostereum purpureum in sprout control of birch during mechanized pre-commercial thinning

BioControl ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiina Laine ◽  
Leena Hamberg ◽  
Veli-Matti Saarinen ◽  
Timo Saksa
Keyword(s):  
Betula Pendula ◽  
Lower Number ◽  
Maximum Height ◽  
Fungal Treatment ◽  
Clear Effect ◽  
Commercial Thinning ◽  
Stump Sprouting ◽  
Chondrostereum Purpureum ◽  
And Control ◽  
Stump Sprouts

Abstract The efficacy of mechanized pre-commercial thinning (PCT) done by a lightweight mini-harvester Tehojätkä together with the Chondrostereum purpureum (Pers. ex Fr.) Pouzar fungal treatment (dilutions 1:100, 1:200, 1:400) and control (cutting only) was studied for three years. The efficacy of the fungal treatment was defined as capability to prevent sprouting of birch (Betula pendula Roth. and B. pubescens Ehrh.). The fungal treatment resulted in higher stump mortality and lower number of sprouts but it did not have a clear effect on the maximum height of stump sprouts. However, mortalities obtained in this study (34.1%, 26.8%, and 25.6% for dilutions 1:100, 1:200, and 1:400, respectively) were notably lower compared to previous studies which indicate that the accuracy of the spreading mechanism was not satisfactory. We conclude that it is possible to decrease stump sprouting with the fully mechanized fungal treatment but putting this implementation into practice needs more testing to increase efficacy.

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