Genetic Variability of Some Biological and Morphological Characters in Lixophaga diatraeae (Diptera: Tachinidae)

1995 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Pintureau ◽  
S. Grenier ◽  
A. Paris ◽  
C. Ogier
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Morphological Characters

Assessment of genetic variability among selected species of Apocynaceae

Biologia ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tariq Mahmood ◽  
Anna Iqbal ◽  
Nazia Nazar ◽  
Ishrat Naveed ◽  
Bilal Abbasi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Catharanthus Roseus ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Randomly Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Alstonia Scholaris ◽  
Thevetia Peruviana

AbstractFamily Apocynaceae is an economically important family grown as ornamental plants and many wild species have medicinal uses as well. The aim of the present study was to understand the level and pattern of genetic variability among the selected individuals of Apocynaceae. For this purpose, three species of different genera of Apocynaceae, Thevetia peruviana, Alstonia scholaris and Catharanthus roseus, were collected from Rawalpindi and Quaid-i-Azam University forest, Islamabad. To evaluate the level of polymorphism within the species and members of different species, randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used. A series of OPC RAPD primers were used; only six primers of OPC series gave amplification. Highest genetic variation at interspecific and intraspecific levels was shown by OPC 9 and the lowest polymorphism was observed in OPC 4. The data was analyzed by using software Statistica 5.5. In total 105 monomorphic and 272 polymorphic bands were produced from all primers. Therefore, out of 322 amplified products, 26% were monomorphic and 68% were polymorphic. Low genetic diversification was observed both at intraspecific and interspecific level. At the molecular level Alstonia scholaris and Catharanthus roseus (subfamily Plumerioideae) appeared in a group and Thevetia peruviana (subfamily Rauvolfoideae) formed another group, confirming the classification based on morphological characters.

scholarly journals VARIABILITAS GENETIK DAN HERITABILITAS KARAKTER MORFOLOGIS BEBERAPA GENOTIPE KENTANG

EUGENIA ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ventje Pangemanan ◽  
D. S. Runtunuwu ◽  
J. Pongoh
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Narrow Range ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Wide Sense ◽  
Number Of Leaves

ABSTRACT This study aimed to determine the genetic variability and heritability of morphological characters of some genotypes of potato at the Seed Station in Linelean Village, Modoinding of South Minahasa Regency. The results showed that, the relatively narrow range of genotypes variance for all the characters observed. The coefficient of variance genotypes for plant height, at 14, 42 and 56 DAP (Days After Planting) was relatively narrow, whereas at 7, 21, 28, 35 and 42 DAP relatively wide. For the character of the number of leaves at 7 and 14 DAP are wide and at 21, 28, 35, 42 and 49 DAP relatively narrow. For the character of leaf area at 7 and 14 DAP were wide and at 21, 28, 35, 42 and 49 DAP relatively narrow. For the character of the number of harvest tubers per plant and weight per tuber harvest were wide. Wide sense heritability were high for all the characters observed, except for plant height at 7 and 56 DAP were classified as moderate. Keywords: genotype variance, coefficient variance of genotype and heritability ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui variabilitas genetik dan heritabilitas karakter   morfologis beberapa genotipe kentang di Balai Benih Desa Linelean Modoinding Kabupaten Minahasa Selatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ragam genotipe tergolong sempit untuk semua karakter yang diamati. Koefisien ragam genotipe untuk karakter tinggi tanaman, pada 14, 42 dan 56 HST (Hari Setelah Tanam)  tergolong sempit, sedangkan pada 7, 21, 28, 35 dan 42 HST tergolong luas. Untuk karakter jumlah daun pada 7 dan 14 HST tergolong luas dan pada 21, 28, 35, 42 dan 49 HST tergolong sempit. Untuk karakter luas daun pada 7 dan 14 HST tergolong luas dan pada 21, 28, 35, 42 dan 49 HST tergolong sempit. Untuk karakter jumlah umbi panen per tanaman dan berat per umbi panen tergolong luas. Heritabilitas arti luas semua karakter tergolong tinggi, kecuali untuk karakter tinggi tanaman pada 7 dan 56 HST yang tergolong sedang. Eugenia Volume 19  No. 2  Agustus 2013 Kata kunci: ragam genotipe, koefisien ragam genotipe dan heritabilitas

scholarly journals Keragaman Mutan Wijen (Sesamum indicum L.) Berdasarkan Karakter Kualitatif; Diversity of Sesame Mutants (Sesamum indicum L.) Based on Qualitative Characters

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Vina Eka Aristya
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Sesamum Indicum ◽  
Mutation Induction ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Genotype Distribution ◽  
Qualitative Characters ◽  
Mutant Lines

<p class="Abstract" align="center"><strong>ABSTRAK</strong></p><p class="Abstract"><em>Sesamum indicum</em> L. adalah salah satu tanaman alternatif penghasil minyak nabati penting. Pendekatan pemuliaan melalui induksi mutasi berusaha untuk menghasilkan variabilitas baru populasi wijen, yang secara umum tersusun dari individu homozigot. Karakter morfologi berguna untuk mengidentifikasi galur dan memastikan hasil pemuliaan mutasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi keragaman morfologi wijen hasil mutasi berdasarkan 26 karakter kualitatif. Penggalian informasi dengan metode analisis kelompok juga dikaji untuk menggambarkan variabilitas genetik pada 57 galur mutan wijen (jenis hitam dan putih) generasi M4 dan M5. Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam dua tahap: tahap pertama terdiri 18 galur generasi M4, dievaluasi pada Maret-Agustus 2015; tahap kedua terdiri atas 39 galur M5, ditanam pada November 2015 hingga April 2016. Pemeriksaan penampilan kualitatif mengikuti panduan <em>descriptor list</em> untuk wijen. Secara umum, penilaian representatif dari sifat kualitatif pada galur mutan wijen generasi M4 akan diikuti oleh keturunan generasi M5. Dendrogram dibangun untuk membedakan galur menjadi kelompok berdasarkan matriks tingkat kemiripan. Struktur populasi utama dari 57 galur berdasarkan sifat kualitatif dikategorikan dalam dua kelompok besar. Materi genotipe kelompok I diklasifikasikan menjadi dua sub-kelompok, terdiri 17 dan 31 galur. Sub-kelompok ini menjadi bagian distribusi genotipe terbesar. Kelompok II tersusun oleh 9 galur, mayoritas dari M4. Nilai korelasi antar karakter bervariasi antara 0,7176 hingga 1,0. Keragaman morfologi antar galur wijen dipengaruhi oleh sifat genetik dibandingkan faktor lingkungan. Studi ini membantu seleksi galur terpilih berdasarkan kestabilan fenotipe. Evaluasi keragaman struktur populasi wijen mutan bermanfaat untuk program pemuliaan.</p><p class="Abstract" align="center"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p class="Abstract"><em>Sesamum indicum</em> L. is one of the alternative crops that produces vegetative oil. The plant breeding approach through mutation induction could produce new genetic variability in sesame populations, which are generally composed of homozygous individuals. The study aims were to determine the diversity of sesame-mutant lines based on 26 qualitative characters. Cluster analysis method was carried out to describe the genetic variability of 57 sesame mutant lines (consist of black and white types) 4<sup>th</sup> (M4) and 5<sup>th</sup> generations (M5). The study was done in two phases, the first phases consisted of 18 M4 lines planted in March-August 2015; the second phase consisted 39 M5 lines planted in November 2015 to April 2016. Analyses of qualitative morphological characters followed the descriptors list for sesame. In general, a representative assessment of qualitative traits in M4 lines will be followed by the offspring of M5. Dendrogram showed that the 57 mutant lines categorized into two major clusters. Cluster I were composed of two sub-clusters, consisting 17 and 31 lines. This sub-cluster was the largest part of the genotype distribution. Cluster II composed of 9 lines, where M4 were the majority. The correlation value between characters ranged from 0.7176 up to 1.0. Morphological diversity among lines were largely influenced by genetic rather than environmental factors. This study supports the selection of lines based on phenotype stability. Evaluation of the structural diversity of mutant-sesame populations could be applied in sesame-breeding programs.</p>

scholarly journals Genetic Variability and Diversity Analysis in Pod and Seed Characters of Some Neglected and Underutilized Legumes (NULs)

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
J. O. Agbolade ◽  
T. P. Olakunle ◽  
K. M. Popoola ◽  
J. A. Idowu ◽  
A. I. Isiaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Diversity Analysis ◽  
International Institute ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Pod Length ◽  
100 Seed Weight

In response to the paucity of information challenge on the neglected and underutilized legumes, this paper explored pods and seeds morphological data of the twenty-four accessions of these crops with a view to establishing the occurrence of genetic variability and diversity analysis among the studied taxa. Twenty-four accessions of neglected and underutilized legumes (NULs) obtained from International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria were assessed for genetic variability and diversity analysis through Pod and seed morphological characters. Each accession was planted into plot of 5 ridges of 5 meter long, spaced 1 meter apart and replicated three times at the teaching and research farm of the Federal University Oye Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria. Descriptive statistics was employed to evaluate differences in the mean values of the accessions while discriminatory traits among accessions were identified by Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Similarities among the studied plants were assessed by cluster analysis. The first two principal component axes explained 72% of the total variation. Pod length, pod width and 100-seed weight were traits that contributed most of the variations in the legume accessions. There was a display of intra-species similarities and inter-specific genetic diversity among the studied accessions.

scholarly journals Morphological and agronomical characterization and estimates of genetic parameters of sesbania Scop. (Leguminosae) accessions

1999 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.A. Veasey ◽  
E.A. Schammass ◽  
R. Vencovsky ◽  
P.S. Martins ◽  
G. Bandel
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Soil Improvement ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Wood Products ◽  
Agronomic Characters ◽  
Legume Plant ◽  
Biomass Yields ◽  
Superior Genotypes

Twenty-two accessions of seven Sesbania (Leguminosae) species: S. emerus, S. rostrata, S. tetraptera, S. exasperata (annuals), S. grandiflora, S. sesban and S. virgata (perennials), used for ruminant fodder, firewood, wood products, soil improvement, and human food, were investigated, with the aim of characterizing both inter- and intraspecific genetic variability, estimating genetic parameters for the characters evaluated and appraising the forage potential of the accessions. These were planted at the Instituto de Zootecnia, Nova Odessa, SP, Brazil, in a randomized complete block design with 22 treatments and four replications. Seventeen morphological and 17 agronomic characters were evaluated. Genetic parameters coefficient of intraspecific genetic diversity (bi) and coefficient of intraspecific genetic variation (CVgi) were obtained for the species represented by more than one accession. Highly significant differences were observed among as well as within species for most characters, showing considerable genetic variability. S. exasperata showed intraspecific genetic variability for the largest number of morphological characters. The same was observed for S. sesban for the agronomic characters. Most of the characters gave high bi values, above 0.80, indicating the possibility of selecting superior genotypes. The CVgi values, on the other hand, which indicate the magnitude of the existing genetic variability relative to the character mean, varied according to the species and character evaluated. Differences between annual and perennial species were observed, with higher biomass yields presented by the annuals at the first cut and by the perennials after the second cut, reaching the highest yield at the third cut. The annual species had higher seed production. Accession NO 934 of S. sesban gave the highest biomass yields and regrowth vigor, showing promise as a forage legume plant.

scholarly journals KERAGAMAN KARAKTERISTIK MORFOLOGIS DAN A G RONOMISP LA SMA NUTFAH KLON HARAPAN KAKAO LOKAL SULAWESI SELATAN

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 145 ◽  
Author(s):  
SAHARDI SAHARDI ◽  
FADJRY DJUFRY
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Agricultural Extension ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
High Yield ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
Pod Borer ◽  
Cocoa Production ◽  
Black Pod ◽  
Cocoa Plantation

<p>ABSTRAK</p><p>Kakao (<em>Theobroma cacao</em> L.) merupakan komoditas perkebunan <br /> yang   memegang   peranan   penting   dalam   perekonomian   Indonesia. Sulawesi Selatan merupakan daerah sentra produksi kakao dan telah berkembang berbagai varian klon kakao lokal.  Sulawesi Selatan memiliki potensi menghasilkan klon-klon kakao unggul, yang berpotensi daya hasil tinggi, memiliki ketahanan/toleransi terhadap hama penggerek buah kakao, penyakit busuk buah dan vascular streak dieback. Klon kakao lokal yang telah dikembangkan oleh petani belum pernah dilakukan karakterisasi baik morfologi maupun genetik.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengobservasi karakter morfologi dan agronomi klon lokal harapan yang tersebar pada petani di Sulawesi Selatan. Penelitian dilaksanakan mulai bulan Februari – Desember 2013 di Kabupaten Luwu dan Luwu Utara, Sulawesi Selatan. Untuk mendapatkan klon-klon harapan kakao lokal, dilakukan observasi langsung   pada   sentra   produksi   kakao.   Sumber   informasi adalah Pemerintah daerah (dinas terkait), penyuluh pertanian, tokoh masyarakat dan petani.    Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap karakter morfologi utama klon  harapan  kakao  lokal  yang  didapat  saat  pelaksanaan  observasi. Analisis kemiripan karakter morfologi antar klon dan pengelompokan serta dendogram dilakukan dengan menggunakan program SPSS versi 21.0. Hasil eksplorasi diperoleh sejumlah 30 klon harapan kakao lokal.  Hasil analisis karakter morfologi terhadap 30 aksesi klon unggul harapan kakao lokal di Sulawesi Selatan, menunjukkan keragaman yang sempit.  Hal ini mengisyaratkan bahwa perlu upaya lain untuk meningkatkan keragaman genetik.</p><p>Kata kunci:  <em>Theobroma  cacao</em>  L.,  keragaman,  morfologi,  agronomi, plasma nutfah</p><p> </p><p>ABSTRACT</p><p>Morphological and Agronomics Diversity of Cocoa Characteristics    Local Promising Clones Germplasm in South Sulawesi </p>Cocoa (<em>Theobroma cacao  </em>L.) is one of  important estate crops <br /> commodities which plays a role on Indonesian economy. South Sulawesi <br /> has a potency to generate superior clones of cocoa. A number of local <br /> cocoa clones   from   South   Sulawesi   has   been   recommended   in <br /> rehabilitation and rejuvenation in  the implementation of cocoa “Gernas” <br /> (National Cocoa Planting Action). Sulawesi   Cocoa local clones have a <br /> potency of high yield, resistance to pest or main  diseases such as cocoa <br /> pod borer, black pod disease and vascular streak dieback which were still <br /> widespread among cocoa plantation. Although variation accured in cocoa <br /> local clones, but there had been no study on both  morphological and <br /> genetic. The objective of the research was to observe morphological  and <br /> agronomis characters of local cocoa  promising clones that has been <br /> planted by the farmers in South Sulawesi. This research  was conducted <br /> from  February - Desember 2013 in Luwu District and North Luwu, in <br /> South Sulawesi. To find local cacao clones  used direct observation in <br /> cocoa production centers. The information sources obtained from local <br />government (relevant agencies). Agricultural extension, prominent societyleader and the farmers. The Observation was conducted on morphologicalcharacters,  and  the  results  were  analysed  on  characters  resemblancebetween clones. Statistic anlyses for the Grouping and dendogram wasgene rated  by SPSS vertion 21.0. In South Sulawesi. The result from theanalyses of morphological characters   indicated  low genetic variability in 30 accessions of local cocoa clones in South Sulawesi. To such  low ingenetic diversity, Indicated  the need of another effort to broadan  geneticvariability<p>Keywords:   <em>Theobroma   cacao</em>  L.,   genetic   variability,   morphology, agronomy, germplasm</p>

Analysis of morphological characters inter-relationships in the germplasm of mungbean [Vigna radiate (L.) Wilezek] in the hot arid climate

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Om Vir ◽  
A. K. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Short Duration ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Cluster Number ◽  
Number Of Clusters ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Pod Number ◽  
Number Of Seeds

The 38 indigenous and exotic accessions of mungbean were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with three replicates during <italic>summer</italic> and <italic>kharif</italic> seasons of fragile climate of Rajasthan to estimate the presence of genetic variability, inter-characters associations, to identify a suitable short duration accession for cultivation during <italic>summer</italic> and to compare the relative performance of the genotypes in two seasons. The high degree of genetic variability was estimated during both seasons for seed yield per plant (g), 100-seed weight (g.), number of seeds per pod, number of pods per plant, number of pods per cluster, number of branches per plant, number of clusters per plant, plant height (cm.), number of days to 50% flowering and number of days to maturity. The moderate to high heritabilities coupled with moderate to high expected genetic advance were observed for all studied traits. Number of seeds per pod, number of pods per plant, number of pods per cluster, number of clusters per plant, days to 50% flowering and days to maturity had positive and significant correlations with seed yield per plant. The accession IC 39289-P<sub>4</sub> had been identified to be of short duration of 50 days. The accessions PLG 62, EC 520035, IC 305291, IC 39383, IC 39333, IC 39403 during <italic>summer</italic> season and EC 511379, PLM-14, IC 324021, EC 511371, IC 370497 during <italic>kharif</italic> seasonexhibited superiority in terms of seed yield over best check.

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