Roles of Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase β in Muscle Cell Differentiation and in Mitochondrial Fatty Acid Oxidation

1999 ◽  
Vol 254 (3) ◽  
pp. 657-660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung-Kee Lee ◽  
Ki-Han Kim
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Fatty Acid Oxidation ◽  
Muscle Cell ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Acetyl Coa Carboxylase ◽  
Acetyl Coa ◽  
Mitochondrial Fatty Acid Oxidation ◽  
Muscle Cell Differentiation ◽  
Mitochondrial Fatty Acid

scholarly journals Peroxisomal Fatty Acid Oxidation Is a Substantial Source of the Acetyl Moiety of Malonyl-CoA in Rat Heart

2004 ◽  
Vol 279 (19) ◽  
pp. 19574-19579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aneta E. Reszko ◽  
Takhar Kasumov ◽  
France David ◽  
Kathryn A. Jobbins ◽  
Katherine R. Thomas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Oxidation ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Acetyl Coa ◽  
Mitochondrial Fatty Acid Oxidation ◽  
Fatty Acid Chain ◽  
Rat Hearts ◽  
Malonyl Coa ◽  
Mitochondrial Fatty Acid ◽  
Perfused Rat Hearts

Little is known about the sources of acetyl-CoA used for the synthesis of malonyl-CoA, a key regulator of mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation in the heart. In perfused rat hearts, we previously showed that malonyl-CoA is labeled from both carbohydrates and fatty acids. This study was aimed at assessing the mechanisms of incorporation of fatty acid carbons into malonyl-CoA. Rat hearts were perfused with glucose, lactate, pyruvate, and a fatty acid (palmitate, oleate or docosanoate). In each experiment, substrates were13C-labeled to yield singly or/and doubly labeled acetyl-CoA. The mass isotopomer distribution of malonyl-CoA was compared with that of the acetyl moiety of citrate, which reflects mitochondrial acetyl-CoA. In the presence of labeled glucose or lactate/pyruvate, the13C labeling of malonyl-CoA was up to 2-fold lower than that of mitochondrial acetyl-CoA. However, in the presence of a fatty acid labeled in its first acetyl moiety, the13C labeling of malonyl-CoA was up to 10-fold higher than that of mitochondrial acetyl-CoA. The labeling of malonyl-CoA and of the acetyl moiety of citrate is compatible with peroxisomal β-oxidation forming C12and C14acyl-CoAs and contributing >50% of the fatty acid-derived acetyl groups that end up in malonyl-CoA. This fraction increases with the fatty acid chain length. By supplying acetyl-CoA for malonyl-CoA synthesis, peroxisomal β-oxidation may participate in the control of mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation in the heart. In addition, this pathway may supply some acyl groups used in protein acylation, which is increasingly recognized as an important regulatory mechanism for many biochemical processes.

scholarly journals Inhibition by acetyl-CoA of hepatic carnitine acyltransferase and fatty acid oxidation

1983 ◽  
Vol 216 (2) ◽  
pp. 499-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
K McCormick ◽  
V J Notar-Francesco ◽  
K Sriwatanakul
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Oxidation ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Acetyl Coa ◽  
Mitochondrial Fatty Acid Oxidation ◽  
Acyltransferase Activity ◽  
Carnitine Acyltransferase ◽  
Mitochondrial Transfer ◽  
Mitochondrial Fatty Acid ◽  
Chain Acyl

At micromolar concentrations, acetyl-CoA inhibited hepatic carnitine acyltransferase activity and mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation. The inhibitory effects were not nearly as potent on a molar basis as those of malonyl-CoA; nevertheless, the cytosolic concentrations of acetyl-CoA, as yet unknown, may be sufficient (greater than 30 microM) to curtail appreciably the mitochondrial transfer of long-chain acyl-CoA units and fatty acid oxidation. Hence acetyl-CoA may also partially regulate hepatic ketogenesis.

scholarly journals Peroxisomal oxidation of erucic acid suppresses mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation by stimulating malonyl-CoA formation in the rat liver

2020 ◽  
Vol 295 (30) ◽  
pp. 10168-10179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaocui Chen ◽  
Lin Shang ◽  
Senwen Deng ◽  
Ping Li ◽  
Kai Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Erucic Acid ◽  
Hepatic Steatosis ◽  
Fatty Acid Oxidation ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Acetyl Coa ◽  
Mitochondrial Fatty Acid Oxidation ◽  
High Erucic Acid ◽  
Malonyl Coa ◽  
Mitochondrial Fatty Acid

Feeding of rapeseed (canola) oil with a high erucic acid concentration is known to cause hepatic steatosis in animals. Mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation plays a central role in liver lipid homeostasis, so it is possible that hepatic metabolism of erucic acid might decrease mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation. However, the precise mechanistic relationship between erucic acid levels and mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation is unclear. Using male Sprague–Dawley rats, along with biochemical and molecular biology approaches, we report here that peroxisomal β-oxidation of erucic acid stimulates malonyl-CoA formation in the liver and thereby suppresses mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation. Excessive hepatic uptake and peroxisomal β-oxidation of erucic acid resulted in appreciable peroxisomal release of free acetate, which was then used in the synthesis of cytosolic acetyl-CoA. Peroxisomal metabolism of erucic acid also remarkably increased the cytosolic NADH/NAD+ ratio, suppressed sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) activity, and thereby activated acetyl-CoA carboxylase, which stimulated malonyl-CoA biosynthesis from acetyl-CoA. Chronic feeding of a diet including high-erucic-acid rapeseed oil diminished mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation and caused hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance in the rats. Of note, administration of a specific peroxisomal β-oxidation inhibitor attenuated these effects. Our findings establish a cross-talk between peroxisomal and mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation. They suggest that peroxisomal oxidation of long-chain fatty acids suppresses mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation by stimulating malonyl-CoA formation, which might play a role in fatty acid–induced hepatic steatosis and related metabolic disorders.

Glucocorticoids promote mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation in the fetal heart

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Urquijo ◽  
Emma N Panting ◽  
Roderick N Carter ◽  
Emma J Agnew ◽  
Caitlin S Wyrwoll ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Oxidation ◽  
Fetal Heart ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Mitochondrial Fatty Acid Oxidation ◽  
Mitochondrial Fatty Acid

scholarly journals Quantitation of acyl-CoA and acylcarnitine esters accumulated during abnormal mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation.

1991 ◽  
Vol 266 (34) ◽  
pp. 22932-22938
Author(s):  
R.S. Kler ◽  
S. Jackson ◽  
K. Bartlett ◽  
L.A. Bindoff ◽  
S. Eaton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Oxidation ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Mitochondrial Fatty Acid Oxidation ◽  
Mitochondrial Fatty Acid

PRENATAL DIAGNOSIS OF MITOCHONDRIAL FATTY ACID OXIDATION DEFECTS

1996 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
MOHAMED A. NADA ◽  
CHRISTINE VIANEY-SABAN ◽  
CHARLES R. ROE ◽  
JIA-HUAN DING ◽  
MONIQUE MATHIEU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Prenatal Diagnosis ◽  
Fatty Acid Oxidation ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Mitochondrial Fatty Acid Oxidation ◽  
Mitochondrial Fatty Acid
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