Identification of Two Novel Peptides from the Central Nervous System of the Desert Locust,Schistocerca gregaria

1997 ◽  
Vol 241 (2) ◽  
pp. 530-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk Veelaert ◽  
Liliane Schoofs ◽  
Peter Verhaert ◽  
Arnold De Loof
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Schistocerca Gregaria ◽  
Desert Locust ◽  
The Central Nervous System

scholarly journals Respiration in the Desert Locust

1960 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 224-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. L. MILLER
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Schistocerca Gregaria ◽  
Thoracic Ganglion ◽  
Desert Locust ◽  
Maximum Volume ◽  
Metathoracic Ganglion ◽  
The Central Nervous System

1. Normal (dorso-ventral) and three auxiliary ventilating mechanisms (neck, prothoracic and abdominal longitudinal) are described in the non-flying Schistocerca gregaria. 2. Neck and prothoracic ventilation together contribute 14% of the maximum volume of air pumped by the insect. Head ganglion receptors must be stimulated for these forms to appear. 3. The metathoracic ganglion may contain a pacemaker controlling the frequency and amplitude of all forms of ventilation. Each head and thoracic ganglion contains carbon-dioxide receptors which modify the activity of the pacemaker. There is no control from the abdomen in the intact insect, or from receptors outside the central nervous system. 4. Oscilloscope recordings from the isolated central nervous system demonstrate a rhythm, which is modified and possibly initiated by carbon dioxide. 5. It is suggested that carbon dioxide normally provides a more important ventilatory stimulus than oxygen lack.

scholarly journals Respiration in the Desert Locust

1960 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 264-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. L. MILLER
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Desert Locust ◽  
Tracheal System ◽  
First Instar ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Cross Links ◽  
Flight Muscles ◽  
Peripheral Action ◽  
Negative Induction

1. During normal flight of the desert locust, auxiliary ventilating mechanisms do not appear, and dorso-ventral abdominal pumping continues at increased frequency and amplitude. When flight stops hyperventilation together with auxiliary forms appear briefly. Removal of the abdomen has shown that pterothoracic and neck ventilation are adequate for sustained flight. 2. Spiracles 2 and 3 open wide during flight: when flight is weaker they make incipient closing movements. A central inhibitory reflex controls their activity, in addition to the peripheral action of carbon dioxide on spiracle 2. The incipient closing movements are shown not to have a functional significance; they are probably the expression of two competing mechanisms, and may arise by negative induction. 3. Spiracles 1 and 4-10 remain synchronized with ventilation, and thereby permit adequate ventilation of the central nervous system. 4. The isolation of the pterothoracic tracheal system is enhanced by the occlusion of two pairs of cross-links. The occlusion of a further three pairs in the prothorax and head ensures that the head has priority on the inspired air. 5. The occlusion of all the cross-links takes place after the first instar, at which time spiracle synchronization first regularly appears and a directed airstream becomes possible. 6. In flight there are two largely independent ventilating systems. The first, a two-way system, ventilates the flight muscles through the open spiracles 2 and 3 and is pumped by the flight movements. The second, a one-way system, ventilates primarily the central nervous system and is pumped by the abdomen, in through the dorsal orifice of spiracle 1, and out through spiracles 5-10.

scholarly journals Transcriptome Analysis of the Desert Locust Central Nervous System: Production and Annotation of a Schistocerca gregaria EST Database

PLoS ONE ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. e17274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liesbeth Badisco ◽  
Jurgen Huybrechts ◽  
Gert Simonet ◽  
Heleen Verlinden ◽  
Elisabeth Marchal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Transcriptome Analysis ◽  
Schistocerca Gregaria ◽  
Desert Locust ◽  
Est Database
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