Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs Inhibit Cyclooxygenase-2 Enzyme Activity but Not mRNA Expression in Human Macrophages

1996 ◽  
Vol 225 (3) ◽  
pp. 896-900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam Barrios-Rodiles ◽  
Kathy Keller ◽  
Adam Belley ◽  
Kris Chadee
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs ◽  
Cyclooxygenase 2 ◽  
Antiinflammatory Drugs ◽  
Human Macrophages

scholarly journals Association of Multimodal Pain Management Strategies with Perioperative Outcomes and Resource Utilization

2018 ◽  
Vol 128 (5) ◽  
pp. 891-902 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stavros G. Memtsoudis ◽  
Jashvant Poeran ◽  
Nicole Zubizarreta ◽  
Crispiana Cozowicz ◽  
Eva E. Mörwald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resource Utilization ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Multimodal Analgesia ◽  
Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs ◽  
Cyclooxygenase 2 ◽  
Perioperative Outcomes ◽  
Antiinflammatory Drugs ◽  
Opioid Prescription ◽  
Total Hip ◽  
Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors

Abstract Background Multimodal analgesia is increasingly considered routine practice in joint arthroplasties, but supportive large-scale data are scarce. The authors aimed to determine how the number and type of analgesic modes is associated with reduced opioid prescription, complications, and resource utilization. Methods Total hip/knee arthroplasties (N = 512,393 and N = 1,028,069, respectively) from the Premier Perspective database (2006 to 2016) were included. Analgesic modes considered were opioids, peripheral nerve blocks, acetaminophen, steroids, gabapentin/pregabalin, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors, or ketamine. Groups were categorized into “opioids only” and 1, 2, or more than 2 additional modes. Multilevel models measured associations between multimodal analgesia and opioid prescription, cost/length of hospitalization, and opioid-related adverse effects. Odds ratios or percent change and 95% CIs are reported. Results Overall, 85.6% (N = 1,318,165) of patients received multimodal analgesia. In multivariable models, additions of analgesic modes were associated with stepwise positive effects: total hip arthroplasty patients receiving more than 2 modes (compared to “opioids only”) experienced 19% fewer respiratory (odds ratio, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.70 to 0.94; unadjusted 1.0% [N = 1,513] vs. 2.0% [N = 1,546]), 26% fewer gastrointestinal (odds ratio, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.65 to 0.84; unadjusted 1.5% [N = 2,234] vs. 2.5% [N = 1,984]) complications, up to a –18.5% decrease in opioid prescription (95% CI, –19.7% to –17.2%; 205 vs. 300 overall median oral morphine equivalents), and a –12.1% decrease (95% CI, –12.8% to –11.5%; 2 vs. 3 median days) in length of stay (all P < 0.05). Total knee arthroplasty analyses showed similar patterns. Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs and cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors seemed to be the most effective modalities used. Conclusions While the optimal multimodal regimen is still not known, the authors’ findings encourage the combined use of multiple modalities in perioperative analgesic protocols.

A Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitor Impairs Ligament Healing in the Rat

2001 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 801-805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher L. Elder ◽  
Laurence E. Dahners ◽  
Paul S. Weinhold
Keyword(s):  
Medial Collateral Ligament ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs ◽  
Cyclooxygenase 2 ◽  
Ligament Injuries ◽  
Collateral Ligament ◽  
Antiinflammatory Drugs ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Ligament Healing ◽  
Specific Inhibitors

Celecoxib was the first of a new class of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) specific inhibitors, marketed as having the same antiinflammatory efficacy as other nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs without their increased risk of gastrointestinal ulceration. Among the widest uses of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs is in the treatment of acute soft tissue injuries. Although the benefits of celecoxib have been shown when used for rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis, we are unaware of any studies concerning its effect on soft tissues. We used the surgically incised medial collateral ligament of male Sprague-Dawley rats as an experimental model for acute ligament injuries to investigate the effects of celecoxib on ligament healing. Fifty rats underwent surgical transection of the right medial collateral ligament. Postoperatively, half were given celecoxib for the first 6 days of recovery, the other half were not. The animals were sacrificed 14 days after the operation, and both the injured and uninjured medial collateral ligaments were mechanically tested to failure in tension. Celecoxib-treated/injured ligaments were found to have a 32% lower load to failure than untreated/ injured ligaments. The results of this study do not support use of cyclooxygenase-2 specific inhibitors in the treatment of ligament injuries.

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