Functional Organization of Mammalian Hexokinases: Characterization of Chimeric Hexokinases Constructed from the N- and C-Terminal Domains of the Rat Type I and Type II Isozymes

1995 ◽  
Vol 316 (1) ◽  
pp. 206-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.J. Tsai ◽  
J.E. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Functional Organization ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Terminal Domains

scholarly journals Characterization of the 3-dehydroquinase domain of the pentafunctional AROM protein, and the quinate dehydrogenase from Aspergillus nidulans, and the overproduction of the type II 3-dehydroquinase from neurospora crassa

1993 ◽  
Vol 296 (2) ◽  
pp. 451-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
A R Hawkins ◽  
J D Moore ◽  
A M Adeokun
Keyword(s):  
Neurospora Crassa ◽  
Aspergillus Nidulans ◽  
Shikimate Pathway ◽  
Research Programme ◽  
Quinic Acid ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Typical Type ◽  
Terminal Domains

The AROM protein of Aspergillus nidulans is a multidomain pentafunctional polypeptide that is active as a dimer and catalyses steps 2-6 in the prechorismate section of the shikimate pathway. The three C-terminal domains (including the type I 3-dehydroquinase) of the AROM protein are homologous with the qutR-encoded QUTR protein that represses transcription of the eight genes comprising the quinic acid utilization (qut) gene cluster, and the two N-terminal domains are homologous with the qutA-encoded QUTA protein that transcribes the qut genes. As part of a larger research programme designed to compare the structures of the three proteins and to probe the domain structure and interaction within each protein, we have overproduced and purified the 3-dehydroquinase domain of the AROM protein. Additionally we have overproduced and purified the qutB-encoded quinate dehydrogenase and overproduced the qa-2 encoded type II 3-dehydroquinase of Neurospora crassa. We report that the AROM 3-dehydroquinase domain has a monomeric native state, with an apparent kcat./Km ratio that is approx. 160-fold lower than the value for the native N. crassa AROM protein. The AROM protein 3-dehydroquinase domain is sensitive to inactivation by borohydride in the presence of the substrate 3-dehydroquinate, confirming that it is a typical type I 3-dehydroquinase. The purified quinate dehydrogenase is bifunctional, being able to metabolize shikimate as a substrate. The apparent Km values for quinate (450 microM), shikimate (1.7 mM) and NAD+ (150 microM) are all similar to values reported for the qa-3-encoded enzyme from N. crassa.

Evaluation of an enzyme immunoassay kit for estrogen receptor measurement--report II.

1988 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
pp. 2053-2057 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Raam ◽  
D M Vrabel
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Immunoassay ◽  
Binding Sites ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Quantitative Agreement ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Immunoreactive Protein ◽  
Estrogen Binding

Abstract We present evidence to show that monoclonal antibodies to estrogen receptors (ER) in solid phase recognize the secondary estrogen binding sites with moderate to low affinity for estradiol (E2). An excellent quantitative agreement was found in five cytosols between the ER values obtained by the enzyme immunoassay (ER-EIA) and the amount of secondary estrogen binding sites measured by the assay involving dextran-coated charcoal (Clin Chem 1986;32:1496). The immunoreactive protein recognized by the antibody-coated beads, when allowed to react with ER(+) cytosols, is shown to bind [3H]estradiol only when the ligand concentration exceeds 8 nmol/L. Further biochemical and functional characterization of the immunoreactive protein is required to establish similarities/dissimilarities between this protein, high-affinity Type I ER sites, and the secondary sites such as Type II sites.

Geochemical characterization of hydrocarbon source rocks of the Triassic-Jurassic time interval in the Mandawa basin, southern Tanzania: Implications for petroleum generation potential

2020 ◽  
Vol 123 (4) ◽  
pp. 587-596
Author(s):  
A. Emanuel ◽  
C.H. Kasanzu ◽  
M. Kagya
Keyword(s):  
Source Rocks ◽  
Geochemical Data ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Type I ◽  
Hydrocarbon Generation ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Geochemical Characterization ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Petroleum Generation

Abstract Triassic to mid-Jurassic core samples of the Mandawa basin, southern Tanzania (western coast of the Indian Ocean), were geochemically analyzed in order to constrain source rock potentials and petroleum generation prospects of different stratigraphic formations within the coastal basin complex. The samples were collected from the Mihambia, Mbuo and Nondwa Formations in the basin. Geochemical characterization of source rocks intersected in exploration wells drilled between 503 to 4042 m below surface yielded highly variable organic matter contents (TOC) rated between fair and very good potential source rocks (0.5 to 8.7 wt%; mean ca. 2.3 wt%). Based on bulk geochemical data obtained in this study, the Mandawa source rocks are mainly Type I, Type II, Type III, mixed Types II/III and Type IV kerogens, with a predominance of Type II, Type III and mixed Type II/III. Based on pyrolysis data (Tmax 417 to 473oC; PI = 0.02 to 0.47; highly variable HI = 13 to 1 000 mg/gTOC; OI = 16 to 225 mg/g; and VR values of between 0.24 to 0.95% Ro) we suggest that the Triassic Mbuo Formation and possibly the mid-Jurassic Mihambia Formation have a higher potential for hydrocarbon generation than the Nondwa Formation as they are relatively thermally mature.

scholarly journals Characterization of two types of azedinha in the region of Sete Lagoas, Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 328-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernani C da Silva ◽  
Lanamar de A Carlos ◽  
Ana Paula Araújo ◽  
Leila de CL Ferraz ◽  
Marinalva W Pedrosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transverse Diameter ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Vegetable Crop ◽  
Rumex Acetosa ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Minas Gerais State ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Longitudinal Diameter

Azedinha (Rumex acetosa) is a vegetable crop species consumed in natura in salads and pertains to the group of non-conventional vegetables. These rustic plants are often considered weeds plants. There exist two types of native azedinha in the Sete Lagoas region, Minas Gerais state, Brazil, that are usually grown in family gardens and here denominated Type I and Type II. In this study we characterized the morphologic, physic-chemical and chromatic characteristic of these two types of azedinha. The study was carried out in randomized complete blocks with four replications in dependences of the EPAMIG (Non-Conventional Vegetable Bank) in Prudente de Morais, Brazil. Plants were trained to the point of harvest, 90 days after the planting of seedlings, when they were harvested for analysis. We evaluated the characteristics on the leaves: weight, length, width, number of veins, width/length ratio, transverse and longitudinal diameter of the base of the petiole and longitudinal and transverse diameter ratio of the base of the petiole. We also evaluated the contents of macro and micronutrients and chemical characteristics of the plant. There are significant differences between the assessed characteristics between azedinha types I and II. We concluded that the plants probably belong to two different varieties.

scholarly journals Isolation and molecular characterization of type I and type II feline coronavirus in Malaysia

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amer Alazawy ◽  
Siti Suri Arshad ◽  
Abdul Rahman Omar ◽  
Mohd Hair Bejo ◽  
Faruku Bande ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Feline Coronavirus

Identification and characterization of 20 novel pathogenic variants in 60 unrelated Indian patients with mucopolysaccharidoses type I and type II

2016 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 496-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Uttarilli ◽  
P. Ranganath ◽  
D. Matta ◽  
J. Md Nurul Jain ◽  
K. Prasad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Pathogenic Variants ◽  
Indian Patients ◽  
Identification And Characterization

EBSD-Based Crystallographic Study on a Ni-Mn-Ga Alloy with Incommensurate 7M Structure

2011 ◽  
Vol 702-703 ◽  
pp. 530-535
Author(s):  
Zong Bin Li ◽  
Yu Dong Zhang ◽  
Claude Esling ◽  
Xiang Zhao ◽  
Liang Zuo
Keyword(s):  
Martensite Transformation ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Orientation Relationships ◽  
Twin Interface ◽  
Crystallographic Study ◽  
Austenite Grains ◽  
Parent Austenite ◽  
Martensitic Variants

Our recent work on EBSD-based characterization of incommensurate 7M modulated martensite in a polycrystalline Ni50Mn30Ga20alloy were summarized. The 7M martensitic plates were revealed to be self-accommodated in colonies, where each colony consisted of four types of variants that were twin related. All the pairs of variants can be categorized into three twinning modes, i.e. type-I, type-II and compound twins. The twin interface planes were in coincidence with the respective twinning planes. Using the measured orientations of adjacent martensitic variants, the orientations of parent austenite grains were calculated under the assumed orientation relationships for the austenite to martensite transformation. The energetically favorable orientation relationship between austenite and martenstie for the martensitic transformation was identified to be the Pitsch relation.

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