scholarly journals Diurnal variation of salivary cortisol in captive African elephants ( Loxodonta africana ) under routine management conditions and in relation to a translocation event

Zoo Biology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 186-196
Author(s):  
Susan Hambrecht ◽  
Ann‐Kathrin Oerke ◽  
Michael Heistermann ◽  
Paul Wilhelm Dierkes
Keyword(s):  
Diurnal Variation ◽  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
Loxodonta Africana ◽  
African Elephants ◽  
Translocation Event

Circadian rhythm of salivary cortisol secretion in female zoo-kept African elephants (Loxodonta africana)

Zoo Biology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Casares ◽  
Gema Silván ◽  
Maria Dolores Carbonell ◽  
Cati Gerique ◽  
Leticia Martinez-Fernandez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
Loxodonta Africana ◽  
Cortisol Secretion ◽  
African Elephants

scholarly journals Emotional States of African Elephants (Loxodonta africana) Kept for Animal–Visitor Interactions, as Perceived by People Differing in Age and Knowledge of the Species

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 826
Author(s):  
Ilaria Pollastri ◽  
Simona Normando ◽  
Barbara Contiero ◽  
Gregory Vogt ◽  
Donatella Gelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Free Choice ◽  
Loxodonta Africana ◽  
Procrustes Analysis ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
African Elephants ◽  
Daily Routines ◽  
Video Clips ◽  
Behavioral Expression ◽  
Degree Of Separation

This study aimed to investigate how three groups of people of differing ages, and with differing knowledge of the species, perceived the emotional state of African elephants (Loxodonta africana) managed in captive and semi-captive environments. Fifteen video-clips of 18 elephants, observed during three different daily routines (release from and return to the night boma; interactions with visitors), were used for a free choice profiling assessment (FCP) and then analyzed with quantitative methods. A general Procrustes analysis identified two main descriptive dimensions of elephant behavioral expression explaining 27% and 19% of the variability in the children group, 19% and 23.7% in adults, and 21.8% and 17% in the expert group. All the descriptors the observers came up with showed a low level of correlation on the identified dimensions. All three observers’ groups showed a degree of separation between captive and semi-captive management. Spearman analyses showed that stereotypic “trunk swirling” behavior correlated negatively with first dimension (free/friendly versus sad/bored) in the children’s group; second dimension (agitated/confident versus angry/bored) amongst the adults; and first dimension (active/excited versus agitated/bored) amongst the experts. More studies are needed to investigate other potential differences in assessing elephants’ emotional states by visitors of different ages and backgrounds.

Home range and space use by African elephants ( Loxodonta africana ) in Hwange National Park, Zimbabwe

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liberty Mlambo ◽  
Munyaradzi Davis Shekede ◽  
Elhadi Adam ◽  
John Odindi ◽  
Amon Murwira
Keyword(s):  
Home Range ◽  
National Park ◽  
Space Use ◽  
Loxodonta Africana ◽  
African Elephants ◽  
Hwange National Park

scholarly journals The structure of the cushions in the feet of African elephants (Loxodonta africana)

2006 ◽  
Vol 209 (6) ◽  
pp. 781-792 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. E. Weissengruber ◽  
G. F. Egger ◽  
J. R. Hutchinson ◽  
H. B. Groenewald ◽  
L. Elsässer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Loxodonta Africana ◽  
African Elephants

Estrous synchrony in a group of African elephants (Loxodonta africana) under human care

2009 ◽  
Vol 113 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 322-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole M. Weissenböck ◽  
Harald M. Schwammer ◽  
Thomas Ruf
Keyword(s):  
Loxodonta Africana ◽  
African Elephants ◽  
Estrous Synchrony ◽  
Human Care

Something Different: the Articulatio Genus of African Elephants (Loxodonta africana)

2005 ◽  
Vol 34 (s1) ◽  
pp. 56-57
Author(s):  
G. E. Weissengruber ◽  
G. Egger ◽  
G. Stanek ◽  
G. Forstenpointner ◽  
K. Janach
Keyword(s):  
Loxodonta Africana ◽  
African Elephants

Thermal windows on the body surface of African elephants (Loxodonta africana) studied by infrared thermography

2010 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 182-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole M. Weissenböck ◽  
Christoph M. Weiss ◽  
Harald M. Schwammer ◽  
Helmut Kratochvil
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Thermography ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Loxodonta Africana ◽  
The Body ◽  
African Elephants

scholarly journals Foot pressure distributions during walking in African elephants ( Loxodonta africana )

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (10) ◽  
pp. 160203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Panagiotopoulou ◽  
Todd C. Pataky ◽  
Madeleine Day ◽  
Michael C. Hensman ◽  
Sean Hensman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Body ◽  
Loxodonta Africana ◽  
Centre Of Pressure ◽  
Mass Peak ◽  
Foot Care ◽  
African Elephants ◽  
Foot Pressure ◽  
Pressure Distributions ◽  
Foot Morphology ◽  
Peak Pressures

Elephants, the largest living land mammals, have evolved a specialized foot morphology to help reduce locomotor pressures while supporting their large body mass. Peak pressures that could cause tissue damage are mitigated passively by the anatomy of elephants' feet, yet this mechanism does not seem to work well for some captive animals. This study tests how foot pressures vary among African and Asian elephants from habitats where natural substrates predominate but where foot care protocols differ. Variations in pressure patterns might be related to differences in husbandry, including but not limited to trimming and the substrates that elephants typically stand and move on. Both species' samples exhibited the highest concentration of peak pressures on the lateral digits of their feet (which tend to develop more disease in elephants) and lower pressures around the heel. The trajectories of the foot's centre of pressure were also similar, confirming that when walking at similar speeds, both species load their feet laterally at impact and then shift their weight medially throughout the step until toe-off. Overall, we found evidence of variations in foot pressure patterns that might be attributable to husbandry and other causes, deserving further examination using broader, more comparable samples.

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