scholarly journals Non-invasive assessment of adrenocortical function as a measure of stress in the endangered golden langur

Zoo Biology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 278-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jatin Sarmah ◽  
Chaya R. Hazarika ◽  
Elizabeth V. Berkeley ◽  
Stefanie B. Ganswindt ◽  
Andre Ganswindt
Keyword(s):  
Adrenocortical Function ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Golden Langur

scholarly journals Non-invasive monitoring of adrenocortical function in female domestic pigs using saliva and faeces as sample matrices

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. e0234971
Author(s):  
Tanja E. Wolf ◽  
Norbert Mangwiro ◽  
Folorunso O. Fasina ◽  
Andre Ganswindt
Keyword(s):  
Adrenocortical Function ◽  
Invasive Monitoring ◽  
Domestic Pigs ◽  
Non Invasive

scholarly journals Salivary Cortisol: A Better Measure of Adrenal Cortical Function than Serum Cortisol

1983 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 329-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ross F Vining ◽  
Robynne A McGinley ◽  
Joseph J Maksvytis ◽  
Kian Y Ho
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
Circadian Variation ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Cortisol Concentration ◽  
Adrenocortical Function ◽  
Cortical Function ◽  
Acth Stimulation ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Normal Men

Salivary Cortisol concentration was found to be directly proportional to the serum unbound Cortisol concentration both in normal men and women and in women with elevated cortisol-binding globulin (CBG). The correlation was excellent in dynamic tests of adrenal function (dexamethasone suppression, ACTH stimulation), in normals and patients with adrenal insufficiency, in tests of circadian variation and randomly collected samples. Women in the third trimester of normal pregnancy exhibited elevated salivary Cortisol throughout the day. The relationship between salivary and serum total Cortisol concentration was markedly non-linear with a more rapid increase in salivary concentration once the serum CBG was saturated. The rate of equilibrium of Cortisol between blood and saliva was very fast, being much less than 5 minutes. These data, combined with a simple, stress-free, non-invasive collection procedure, lead us to suggest that salivary Cortisol is a more appropriate measure for the clinical assessment of adrenocortical function than is serum Cortisol.

scholarly journals Non-invasive monitoring of glucocorticoid metabolite concentrations in urine and faeces of the Sungazer (Smaug giganteus)

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e6132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Scheun ◽  
Dominique Greeff ◽  
Andre Ganswindt
Keyword(s):  
Stress Responses ◽  
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone ◽  
Physiological Stress ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Adrenocortical Function ◽  
Conservation Practices ◽  
Acth Challenge ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Metabolite Concentrations ◽  
Invasive Techniques

Developing non-invasive techniques for monitoring physiological stress responses has been conducted in a number of mammal and bird species, revolutionizing field-based endocrinology and conservation practices. However, studies validating and monitoring glucocorticoid concentrations in reptiles are still limited. The aim of the study was to validate a method for monitoring glucocorticoid metabolite concentrations in urine (uGCM) and faeces (fGCM) of the cordylid lizard, the Sungazer (Smaug giganteus). An adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) challenge was conducted on one male and two females with both urine and faecal material being collected during baseline and post-injection periods. Steroid extracts were analysed with four enzyme immunoassays (EIAs)namely: 11-oxoaetiocholanolone, 5α-pregnane-3β-11β-21-triol-20-one, tetrahydrocorticosterone, and corticosterone. A considerable response in fGCM and uGCM concentrations following ACTH administration was observed in all subjects, with the 5α-pregnane-3β-11β-21-triol-20-one and tetrahydrocorticosterone EIAs appearing to be the most suited for monitoring alterations in glucocorticoid metabolite concentrations in S. giganteus using faeces or urine as hormone matrix. Both EIAs showed a significantly higher concentration of glucocorticoid metabolites in faeces compared to urine for both sexes. Collectively, the findings of this study confirmed that both urine and faeces can be used to non-invasively assess adrenocortical function in S. giganteus.

X-ray microtomography

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 998-999
Author(s):  
H.W. Deckman ◽  
B.F. Flannery ◽  
J.H. Dunsmuir ◽  
K.D' Amico
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Internal Structure ◽  
Imaging Technique ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Tissue Structure ◽  
Individual Element ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Panoramic Imaging ◽  
Three Dimensional Images

We have developed a new X-ray microscope which produces complete three dimensional images of samples. The microscope operates by performing X-ray tomography with unprecedented resolution. Tomography is a non-invasive imaging technique that creates maps of the internal structure of samples from measurement of the attenuation of penetrating radiation. As conventionally practiced in medical Computed Tomography (CT), radiologists produce maps of bone and tissue structure in several planar sections that reveal features with 1mm resolution and 1% contrast. Microtomography extends the capability of CT in several ways. First, the resolution which approaches one micron, is one thousand times higher than that of the medical CT. Second, our approach acquires and analyses the data in a panoramic imaging format that directly produces three-dimensional maps in a series of contiguous stacked planes. Typical maps available today consist of three hundred planar sections each containing 512x512 pixels. Finally, and perhaps of most import scientifically, microtomography using a synchrotron X-ray source, allows us to generate maps of individual element.

Non-invasive measurement of a fermentation pattern shift in infants during the first three months of life

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A266-A266
Author(s):  
R BUTLER ◽  
B ZACHARAKIS ◽  
D MOORE ◽  
K CRAWFORD ◽  
G DAVIDSON ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Non Invasive ◽  
Fermentation Pattern ◽  
Invasive Measurement

European multicentre validation trial of two new non-invasive tests for detection of antibody to H. pylori: Urine-based ELISA and rapid urine test

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A491-A491 ◽  
Author(s):  
A LEODOLTER ◽  
D VAIRA ◽  
F BAZZOLL ◽  
A HIRSCHL ◽  
F MEGRAUD ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urine Test ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
H Pylori
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