Li7PS6 and Li6PS5X (X: Cl, Br, I): Possible Three-dimensional Diffusion Pathways for Lithium Ions and Temperature Dependence of the Ionic Conductivity by Impedance Measurements

2011 ◽  
Vol 637 (10) ◽  
pp. 1287-1294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans-Jörg Deiseroth ◽  
Joachim Maier ◽  
Katja Weichert ◽  
Vera Nickel ◽  
Shiao-Tong Kong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Conductivity ◽  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Lithium Ions ◽  
Impedance Measurements ◽  
Dimensional Diffusion

Triple molybdates K3–x Na1+x M 4(MoO4)6 (M = Ni, Mg, Co) and K3+x Li1–x Mg4(MoO4)6 isotypic with II-Na3Fe2(AsO4)3 and yurmarinite: synthesis, potassium disorder, crystal chemistry and ionic conductivity

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (5) ◽  
pp. 913-925
Author(s):  
Oksana A. Gulyaeva ◽  
Zoya A. Solodovnikova ◽  
Sergey F. Solodovnikov ◽  
Evgeniya S. Zolotova ◽  
Yuliya G. Mateyshina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Conductivity ◽  
Crystal Chemistry ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Compound K ◽  
Lithium Ions ◽  
Ion Conductor ◽  
Ternary Molybdate ◽  
Bond Valence Sum ◽  
Structural Formulae ◽  
Triple Molybdates

The triple molybdates K3–x Na1+x M 4(MoO4)6 (M = Ni, Mg, Co) and K3+x Li1–x Mg4(MoO4)6 were found upon studying the corresponding ternary molybdate systems, and their structures, thermal stability and electrical conductiviplusmnty were investigated. The compounds crystallize in the space group R 3 c and are isostructural with the sodium-ion conductor II-Na3Fe2(AsO4)3 and yurmarinite, Na7(Fe3+, Mg, Cu)4(AsO4)6; their basic structural units are flat polyhedral clusters of the central M1O6 octahedron sharing edges with three surrounding M2O6 octahedra, which combine with single NaO6 octahedra and bridging MoO4 tetrahedra to form open three-dimensional (3D) frameworks where the cavities are partially occupied by disordered potassium (sodium) ions. The split alkali-ion positions in K3–x Na1+x M 4(MoO4)6 (M = Ni, Mg, Co) give their structural formulae as [(K,Na)0.5□0.5)]6(Na)[M1][M2]3(MoO4)6, whereas the lithium-containing compound (K0.5□0.5)6(Mg0.89K0.11)(Li0.89Mg0.11)Mg3(MoO4)6 shows an unexpected (Mg, K) isomorphism, which is similar to (Mn, K) and (Co, K) substitutions in isostructural K3+x Li1–x M 4(MoO4)6 (M = Mn, Co). The crystal chemistry of the title compounds and related arsenates, phosphates and molybdates was considered, and the connections of the cationic distributions with potential 3D ionic conductivity were shown by means of calculating the bond valence sum (BVS) maps for the Na+, Li+ and K+ ions. Electrical conductivity measurements gave relatively low values for the triple molybdates [σ = 4.8 × 10−6 S cm−1 at 390°C for K3NaCo4(MoO4)6 and 5 × 10−7 S cm−1 at 400°C for K3LiMg4(MoO4)6] compared with II-Na3Fe2(AsO4)3 (σ = 8.3 × 10−4 S cm−1 at 300°C). This may be explained by a low concentration of sodium or lithium ions and the blocking of their transport by large potassium ions.

scholarly journals A noninvasive fluorescence imaging-based platform measures 3D anisotropic extracellular diffusion

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Chen ◽  
Xun Chen ◽  
R. Glenn Hepfer ◽  
Brooke J. Damon ◽  
Changcheng Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anisotropic Diffusion ◽  
Biological Systems ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Molecular Transport ◽  
Light Sheet ◽  
Fundamental Limitations ◽  
Disease Mechanisms ◽  
Dimensional Diffusion ◽  
Compositional Changes ◽  
Diffusion Tensors

AbstractDiffusion is a major molecular transport mechanism in biological systems. Quantifying direction-dependent (i.e., anisotropic) diffusion is vitally important to depicting how the three-dimensional (3D) tissue structure and composition affect the biochemical environment, and thus define tissue functions. However, a tool for noninvasively measuring the 3D anisotropic extracellular diffusion of biorelevant molecules is not yet available. Here, we present light-sheet imaging-based Fourier transform fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (LiFT-FRAP), which noninvasively determines 3D diffusion tensors of various biomolecules with diffusivities up to 51 µm2 s−1, reaching the physiological diffusivity range in most biological systems. Using cornea as an example, LiFT-FRAP reveals fundamental limitations of current invasive two-dimensional diffusion measurements, which have drawn controversial conclusions on extracellular diffusion in healthy and clinically treated tissues. Moreover, LiFT-FRAP demonstrates that tissue structural or compositional changes caused by diseases or scaffold fabrication yield direction-dependent diffusion changes. These results demonstrate LiFT-FRAP as a powerful platform technology for studying disease mechanisms, advancing clinical outcomes, and improving tissue engineering.

Tidal three-dimensional diffusion in a model of the Lagoon of Venice and reliability conditions for its numerical integration

1987 ◽  
Vol 37 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 81-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camillo Dejak ◽  
Ileana Mazzei Lalatta ◽  
Marina Molin ◽  
Giovanni Pecenik
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Integration ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Lagoon Of Venice ◽  
Dimensional Diffusion

Multifractal spectrum of off-lattice three-dimensional diffusion-limited aggregation

1992 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. R3016-R3019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Schwarzer ◽  
Marek Wolf ◽  
Shlomo Havlin ◽  
Paul Meakin ◽  
H. Eugene Stanley
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Multifractal Spectrum ◽  
Diffusion Limited Aggregation ◽  
Diffusion Limited ◽  
Dimensional Diffusion

scholarly journals PEO Infiltration of Porous Garnet-Type Lithium-Conducting Solid Electrolyte Thin Films

Ceramics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 421-436
Author(s):  
Aamir Iqbal Waidha ◽  
Vanita Vanita ◽  
Oliver Clemens
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Ionic Conductivity ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Interfacial Resistance ◽  
Composite Electrolytes ◽  
Ion Conducting ◽  
Polymer Infiltration

Composite electrolytes containing lithium ion conducting polymer matrix and ceramic filler are promising solid-state electrolytes for all solid-state lithium ion batteries due to their wide electrochemical stability window, high lithium ion conductivity and low electrode/electrolyte interfacial resistance. In this study, we report on the polymer infiltration of porous thin films of aluminum-doped cubic garnet fabricated via a combination of nebulized spray pyrolysis and spin coating with subsequent post annealing at 1173 K. This method offers a simple and easy route for the fabrication of a three-dimensional porous garnet network with a thickness in the range of 50 to 100 µm, which could be used as the ceramic backbone providing a continuous pathway for lithium ion transport in composite electrolytes. The porous microstructure of the fabricated thin films is confirmed via scanning electron microscopy. Ionic conductivity of the pristine films is determined via electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. We show that annealing times have a significant impact on the ionic conductivity of the films. The subsequent polymer infiltration of the porous garnet films shows a maximum ionic conductivity of 5.3 × 10−7 S cm−1 at 298 K, which is six orders of magnitude higher than the pristine porous garnet film.

scholarly journals Temperature dependence of amorphous magnesium carbonate structure studied by PDF and XAFS analyses

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gen-ichiro Yamamoto ◽  
Atsushi Kyono ◽  
Satoru Okada
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Magnesium Carbonate ◽  
Range Order ◽  
Edge Structure ◽  
Medium Range Order ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Medium Range ◽  
Mineral Trapping ◽  
X Ray Absorption

AbstractMineral trapping through the precipitation of carbonate minerals is a potential approach to reduce CO2 accumulation in the atmosphere. The temperature dependence of amorphous magnesium carbonate (AMC), a precursor of crystalline magnesium carbonate hydrates, was investigated using synchrotron X-ray scattering experiments with atomic pair distribution function (PDF) and X-ray absorption fine structure analysis. PDF analysis revealed that there were no substantial structural differences among the AMC samples synthesized at 20, 60, and 80 °C. In addition, the medium-range order of all three AMC samples was very similar to that of hydromagnesite. Stirring in aqueous solution at room temperature caused the AMC sample to hydrate immediately and form a three-dimensional hydrogen-bonding network. Consequently, it crystallized with the long-range structural order of nesquehonite. The Mg K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectrum of AMC prepared at 20 °C was very similar to that of nesquehonite, implying that the electronic structure and coordination geometry of Mg atoms in AMC synthesized at 20 °C are highly similar to those in nesquehonite. Therefore, the short-range order (coordination environment) around the Mg atoms was slightly modified with temperature, but the medium-range order of AMC remained unchanged between 20 and 80 °C.

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