scholarly journals Best management practices for agricultural nonpoint source pollution: Policy interventions and way forward

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-228
Author(s):  
Chakresh Kumar Jain ◽  
Surya Singh
Keyword(s):  
Nonpoint Source Pollution ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Nonpoint Source ◽  
Best Management ◽  
Policy Interventions ◽  
Agricultural Nonpoint Source Pollution ◽  
Agricultural Nonpoint Source

scholarly journals INCORPORATING PESTICIDE TRANSPORT INTO THE AGNPS (AGRICULTURAL NONPOINT SOURCE) POLLUTION MODEL

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 692a-692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan James Pantone ◽  
Robert A. Young
Keyword(s):  
Nonpoint Source Pollution ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Canopy Cover ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Nonpoint Source ◽  
Pesticide Transport ◽  
Agricultural Nonpoint Source Pollution ◽  
Agricultural Nonpoint Source ◽  
Pesticide Runoff

A pesticide transport submodel has been incorporated into a distributed parameter simulation model. AGNPS (AGricultural NonPoint Source Pollution Model) can evaluate the effect of agricultural pollution sources on surface runoff. Six pesticide classes are used: herbicides, insecticides, fungicides, nematicides, plant growth regulators, and desiccants/defoliants. User inputs for the model include the time of pesticide application (preplant, preemergence, or postemergence), application rate, application efficiency, percent canopy cover, soil and foliar pesticide residues, soil and foliar pesticide decay, water solubility, foliar washoff threshold and fraction, incorporation depth and efficiency, and sorption coefficient. Areas of pesticide losses and accumulations are indicated in tabular and graphical outputs. Alternative management practices can be simulated, and therefore assist in the optimization of practices to reduce pesticide runoff.

scholarly journals Assessing the Impacts of Best Management Practices on Nonpoint Source Pollution Considering Cost-Effectiveness in the Source Area of the Liao River, China

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Wang ◽  
Jianmin Bian ◽  
Wangmei Lao ◽  
Yongsheng Zhao ◽  
Zeyu Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Nonpoint Source Pollution ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Source Area ◽  
Nonpoint Source ◽  
Forest Land ◽  
Best Management ◽  
The Cost

Agricultural nonpoint source pollution has been a major influential factor on the deterioration of water quality in the Liao River source area. Best management practices (BMPs), as a comprehensive pollution prevention system designed to reduce the impacts of agricultural activities and improve water quality, has been considered one of the most effective solutions for nonpoint source pollution control. However, economic cost has been an important element for screening the implementation of BMPs. Both pollution reduction and capital expenditure need to be resolved with the actual situation. A water quality model such as the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) and empirical cost algorithm are important tools to assess the cost-effectiveness of the effects of BMPs on nonpoint source pollution. In this study, BMP scenarios including buffer strips (BSs), fertilizer reduction (FR), forest land increase (FLI), grassland increase (GLI), and their combination were implemented using the SWAT model; furthermore, the efficiency of their pollutants reduction and costs benefit were estimated in the watershed. The results showed that combined BMPs have better control effects than a single BMP, with “BS20 (widths 20 m) + FR15 (fertilization reduction 15%) + FLI (forest land increase)” arriving at the greatest loads reduction in the critical periods. From environmental and economic perspectives, the cost-effectiveness of interception measures is higher than that of the source control measures. The results indicated that BS was the most environmentally friendly practice, and FR was the most economically efficient out of all the BMPs. Regarding land-use changes, FLI was more environmentally friendly, and GLI was more economically efficient. The most economical and effective BMPs can be designated as follows: BS1.5 (widths 1.5 m) and FR15 (fertilization reduction 15%). Therefore, due to possible differences in government policies, it is important to consider an integrated approach for all the relevant actors and seek sustainable environmental and economic development.

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