Rest-site selection by fishers (Martes pennanti) in the eastern deciduous forest

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 805-814 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean W. Gess ◽  
E. Hance Ellington ◽  
Matthew R. Dzialak ◽  
Joseph E. Duchamp ◽  
Matthew Lovallo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Site Selection ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Martes Pennanti ◽  
Eastern Deciduous Forest

scholarly journals Territory and Nest-Site Selection of Cerulean Warblers in Eastern Ontario

The Auk ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 118 (3) ◽  
pp. 727-735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Jones ◽  
Raleigh J. Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Site Selection ◽  
Nest Site ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Nest Site Selection ◽  
Population Characteristics ◽  
Dendroica Cerulea ◽  
Large Trees ◽  
Eastern Ontario ◽  
Cerulean Warblers

Abstract We examined habitat selection by breeding Cerulean Warblers (Dendroica cerulea) at three spatial scales in eastern Ontario over three years (1997–1999). Territories were characterized by well-spaced large trees, with high canopies and dense foliage cover at heights between 12–18 m. Nesting habitat additionally was characterized by dense foliage cover above 18 m. The results of our nest-patch (0.04 ha circle around nest) and nest-site (0.01 ha circle) analyses indicate that male Cerulean Warblers may take active roles in nest-site selection when selecting territories. We conclude from our nest-patch and nest-site selection analyses that territories likely contain multiple nest patches and sites and that male Cerulean Warblers may defend areas with multiple nest patches or sites, which may attract females to settle with them. Whether or not Cerulean Warbler females use nest-site availability as a mate- or territory-choice cue remains unknown. We also tested the validity of a commonly made assumption that a random sampling of habitat by researchers is representative of the habitat actually available to birds and found that, in our study area, the assumption was invalid. Taken together, our results point toward the need to maintain sizeable stands of mature, deciduous forest to ensure the persistence of Cerulean Warblers in eastern Ontario. Population characteristics such as lower minimum area requirements and a resilience to habitat disturbance may make that an easier job in eastern Ontario than elsewhere in this species' breeding range.

THE DISTRIBUTION OF DERMACENTOR TICKS IN CANADA IN RELATION TO BIOCLIMATIC ZONES

1967 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 517-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. R. Wilkinson
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Eastern Deciduous Forest ◽  
Egg Development ◽  
The North ◽  
Winter Activity ◽  
Bioclimatic Zone ◽  
Soil Temperatures ◽  
Time Of Year

Dermacentor andersoni has been collected north of Jasper, Alberta, close to 54° N. and near 53° N. in British Columbia. Spread to the north and northwest is probably limited by low summer soil temperatures, which would act principally by slowing egg development, thus disrupting the seasonal cycle of the tick. To the southwest, mild winters may fail to release diapause at the correct time of year. Aspect and slope are important factors. Altitude spread of records is from 1000–7000 ft. The most generally applicable description of its distribution is the ecotone between western grassland and moister regions, including clearings and rocky outcrops m the montane and Columbia forests, and shrubby areas of the prairies. In British Columbia, a series of randomly selected transects indicated a strong association between the tick's presence and several species of shrubs growing without tree shade.Each bioclimatic zone tends to have a characteristic group of rodents as main hosts of the immature stages. The prairie and montane regions differ in the indigenous hosts available to the adult tick.East of 105° D. andersoni is replaced by D. variabilis, which is adapted to the more humid summers of the eastern deciduous forest zones, and differs considerably from D. andersoni in its phenology. There are no reliable records of indigenous D. variabilis north of 52° latitude.D. albipictus occurs from the east to the west coast. Because of the winter activity of its larvae, allowing the whole summer for egg development, it is able to penetrate much farther north than the other two species. There are two records close to 60° latitude.

The biology of Canadian weeds. 130. Solidago nemoralis Ait.

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 1221-1233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerry G. Chmielewski ◽  
John C. Semple
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
The United States ◽  
Eastern Deciduous Forest ◽  
Rock Outcrops ◽  
Native North American ◽  
Forest Region ◽  
Riparian Habitats

Solidago nemoralis, the gray goldenrod, is a polycarpic hemicryptophyte that reproduces vegetatively from branched caudices. This native North American species is morphologically variable throughout its range, and includes an eastern (ssp. nemoralis) and western (ssp. decemflora) race. The eastern subspecies occurs throughout the eastern deciduous forest region of North America and is commonly diploid, though tetraploids do occur throughout. The western race typically occurs on the prairies and is strictly tetraploid. The species occupies riparian habitats, rock outcrops and open fields and roadsides and grows best in well-drained sandy soils in full sunlight. Although the species is weedy in both Canada and the United States it is not noxious. Key words: Solidago nemoralis, gray goldenrod, verge d'or des bois, Asteraceae, Compositae

Evaluating relationships among tree growth rate, shade tolerance, and browse tolerance following disturbance in an eastern deciduous forest

2009 ◽  
Vol 39 (12) ◽  
pp. 2460-2469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa M. Krueger ◽  
Chris J. Peterson ◽  
Alejandro Royo ◽  
Walter P. Carson
Keyword(s):  
Forest Dynamics ◽  
Shade Tolerance ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Species Turnover ◽  
Light Availability ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Eastern Deciduous Forest ◽  
Interspecific Differences ◽  
The Impact

Interspecific differences in shade tolerance among woody species are considered a primary driving force underlying forest succession. However, variation in shade tolerance may be only one of many interspecific differences that cause species turnover. For example, tree species may differ in their sensitivity to herbivory. Nonetheless, existing conceptual models of forest dynamics rarely explicitly consider the impact of herbivores. We examined whether browsing by white-tailed deer ( Odocoileus virginianus Zimmermann) alters the relationship between light availability and plant performance. We monitored growth and survival for seedlings of six woody species over 2 years within six windthrow gaps and the nearby intact forest in the presence and absence of deer. Browsing decreased seedling growth for all species except beech ( Fagus grandifolia Ehrh.). More importantly, browsing altered growth rankings among species. Increased light availability enhanced growth for three species when excluded from deer, but browsing obscured these relationships. Browsing also reduced survival for three species; however, survival rankings did not significantly differ between herbivory treatments. Our results indicated that browsing and light availability operated simultaneously to influence plant growth within these forests. Thus, existing models of forest dynamics may make inaccurate predictions of the timing and composition of species reaching the canopy, unless they can account for how plant performance varies as a result of a variety of environmental factors, including herbivory.

The photosynthetic response of American chestnut seedlings to differing light conditions

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (9) ◽  
pp. 1714-1722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather M. Joesting ◽  
Brian C. McCarthy ◽  
Kim J. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Photosynthetic Capacity ◽  
Dark Respiration ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
American Chestnut ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Carbon Gain ◽  
Leaf Mass Per Area ◽  
Light Conditions ◽  
Eastern Deciduous Forest

Restoration attempts to reintroduce American chestnut trees to the eastern deciduous forest by means of a disease-resistant Chinese–American hybrid seed are in progress. Knowing the light conditions required for optimum seedling performance is necessary to maximize the success of reintroduction. American chestnut ( Castanea dentata (Marsh.) Borkh.) seedlings were planted in two replicate forests in Vinton County, Ohio, in areas that had been thinned (more available light) and in control areas (intact canopy, less available light). The photosynthetic capacity of 12 seedlings per treatment was assessed using an infrared gas-exchange analyzer. Seedlings in the thinned treatment reached light-saturating rates of photosynthesis at an irradiance level approximately 33% higher than did the seedlings in the control treatment. Seedlings grown in the thinned treatment had a significantly greater maximum rate of photosynthesis (Amax), dark respiration rate (Rd), and daily carbon gain per seedling than seedlings grown in the control treatment. The light compensation point (LCP), quantum efficiency (ϕ), leaf mass per area (LMA), and leaf nitrogen concentration per unit leaf area (Narea) were not significantly different between treatments. American chestnut seedlings in the thinned treatment clearly maximize leaf-level photosynthetic capacity. These results will aid land managers in planning reintroduction trials by providing information on the light conditions required for maximum seedling success.

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