scholarly journals Crime reconstruction and the role of trace materials from crime scene to court

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth M. Morgan ◽  
Georgina E. Meakin ◽  
James C. French ◽  
Sherry Nakhaeizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Crime Scene ◽  
Crime Reconstruction

scholarly journals The Need for Diversification of Forensic Tactical Rules Applicable to Crime Scene Investigation

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (33) ◽  
pp. 150-154
Author(s):  
Pavel Palcu
Keyword(s):  
Computer Technology ◽  
Organized Crime ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Crime Scene ◽  
Center Of Gravity ◽  
Crime Scene Investigation ◽  
Technology Intelligence ◽  
Scene Investigation

Abstract The unprecedented development of cybernetics was concretized by the emergence of computer technology in ways difficult to predict. In this context, the international underworld and organized crime have expanded the area of criminal acts, but equally there were new investigation possibilities for the police and judicial authorities, limiting the role of intuition and flair, of human spontaneity, the center of gravity falling on their ability to use new technology intelligence they have at their disposal.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF CONTEMPORARY MATERIALS IN DETECTION OF MICROTRACES FOUND ON THE CRIME SCENE

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
V. М. Zorić ◽  
Ј. P. Šetrajčić
Keyword(s):  
Crime Scene

Improvement of crime scene examination and reduction of cognitive deficit – the need to implement a new imaging and dimensioning technique

2018 ◽  
Vol 302 ◽  
pp. 54-62
Author(s):  
Magdalena Zubańska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Reference Material ◽  
Cognitive Deficit ◽  
Crime Scene ◽  
Technical Documentation ◽  
Forensic Research ◽  
Systematic Development ◽  
Technical Solutions ◽  
Source Of Information ◽  
Scientific Achievements

The contribution of forensics to the effective fight against crime must be significant. Since its inception, it has been inspired by scientific achievements, which, in turn, entailed the systematic development of forensic research, the effects of which improve the activities on the crime scene, which is the richest source of information about the crime and the offender. The role of the scene examination is very important. Its course and results are documented in a protocol of examination, technical documentation is prepared if necessary. It is this type of documentation that constitutes an indispensable reference material for the investigative authority. The catalogue of technical solutions and devices for the recording of scene examination activities continues to expand. It has already been proven that the use of 3D scanning technology to capture the appearance of the scene brings numerous benefits.

New challenges in the area of disaster victim identification

2017 ◽  
Vol 296 ◽  
pp. 78-85
Author(s):  
Adam Frankowski ◽  
◽  
Agnieszka Łukomska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Crime Scene ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Scientific Conference ◽  
Disaster Victim Identification ◽  
Victim Identification ◽  
Disaster Victim ◽  
Management Procedures ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Disaster Victim Identification Team

The article focuses on the subject of examining the scene of disaster or terrorism-related offence as well as victim identification. It includes a summary of the fifth edition of the International Scientific Conference “Crime Scene” that took place in Gdańsk from 26 to 27 April 2017. The participants recommended the directions to be taken with a view to ensuring the appropriate use of DVI (Disaster Victim Identification) resources. With respect to on-scene activities, the article emphasizes the need to abide by international standards that are compatible with the Interpol DVI Guide. Crisis management procedures applicable in Poland, governing the activities of state services, with particular regard to the role of the police, are quoted herein. Additionally, the article discusses the initiative of the Maltese Presidency concerning international cooperation in DVI matters, which has been included in the European Council conclusions on the creation of an informal network of experts competent in the field of Disaster Victim Identification. Intensified activities at the international level, which can be perceived as a response to numerous terrorism-related threats observed over recent decades, can lay the foundation for establishing a Disaster Victim Identification team in Poland.

scholarly journals Sexual Sadism: Its Role in the Crime-Commission Process of Sexual Homicide of Children

2020 ◽  
pp. 088626052091684 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julien Chopin ◽  
Eric Beauregard
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Crime Scene ◽  
Child Victims ◽  
Specific Method ◽  
International Database ◽  
Sexual Sadism ◽  
Sexual Homicide ◽  
Crime Commission ◽  
Practical Implications

This study investigates the role of sexual sadism in the crime-commission process of sexual homicide (SH) involving child victims. A comparison between sadistic and nonsadistic cases involving child victims is conducted by examining the crime context, crime characteristics, methods of killing, body recovery characteristics, and forensic awareness strategies used by offenders. The sample comes from the Sexual Homicide International Database (SHIelD) including 135 cases of solved SHs involving child victims—35 cases with sexual sadism and 101 cases without sexual sadism. The Sexual Homicide Crime Scene Rating Scale for Sexual Sadism (SADSEX-SH) scale is used to identify sexual sadism from crime scene actions. Bivariate and multivariate analysis are performed to examine the differences between the two groups. Findings indicate that sadistic SH of children are characterized by an important level of structured premeditation, the commission of more diversified sexual acts, the use of specific method of killing, and the partial use of forensic awareness strategies. Practical implications in terms of criminal investigations are discussed.

Televisual waiting: Images of time and waiting in CSI

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-294
Author(s):  
Anita Lam
Keyword(s):  
Crime Scene ◽  
Moral Authority ◽  
Forensic Evidence ◽  
Network Television ◽  
Crime Scene Investigation ◽  
Crime Drama ◽  
Scene Investigation ◽  
Forensic Scientists ◽  
And Performance

As a massively popular crime drama, Crime Scene Investigation has circulated influential images and narratives that suggest that the processing and analysis of forensic evidence can be done in a swift and timely manner. The claim of such a CSI effect is based on the relative absence of waiting scenes within the series. This article examines the series’ multiple representations of time and waiting, linking the absence of waiting to the construction of forensic scientists as powerful figures of moral authority. In the episode Grave Danger, however, waiting is notably imagined as something that must be experienced and endured as a result of conviction. It is made analogous to death, and embodied through horizontality as well as by feminized waiters. Because the feminization of waiters also characterizes the representation of television viewers, I end by examining how the role of waiting in Crime Scene Investigation is intertwined with the viewer’s experience of watching the planned flow of network television. Ultimately, this article argues that the study of televisual waiting requires a recognition that images and narratives on network television emerge out of and depend on waiting as representation, experience, and performance.

When a suicide becomes a forensic enigma: The role of hanging marks and tools of suspension

2017 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 141-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santo Gratteri ◽  
Pietrantonio Ricci ◽  
Pietro Tarzia ◽  
Vittorio Fineschi ◽  
Matteo A Sacco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crime Scene ◽  
The Body ◽  
Manner Of Death ◽  
External Examination ◽  
Node Position

Death by hanging is asphyxiation when the body is suspended by means of a ligature. Most deaths by hanging are suicides, though occasionally they are accidental or a homicidal event. The characteristics of the hanging marks depend on the ligature used, the dynamics and on the node position with respect to the neck. When the crime scene is contaminated, the hanging mark must be checked with the type of suspension and ligatures used to establish how the hangings took place. We report on 20 cases (2013–2016) where the bodies were moved at or from the crime scene. We analysed the features of hanging marks, the tools of suspension and the ligatures employed in each case. Judicial inspections and an external examination were also carried out. Analysis of hanging marks enables the pathologist to clarify the manner of death and the type of hanging, and tools used especially where the crime scene has been contaminated and the body has been moved.

scholarly journals Role of Nanoparticles in Latent Fingerprinting: An Update

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 1427-1443
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Forensic Science ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Crime Scene ◽  
Latent Fingerprints ◽  
Electrical And Optical Properties ◽  
Synthesis Of Nanoparticles ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Current Review

Nanotechnology is an escalating branch whose feelers are mesmerizing nearly every field of science. It is the evolving field in forensic science, the advancement of emergent techniques of nanoparticles being unified with latent fingerprinting. The size of nanomaterials made them unique and have adjustable mechanical, electrical, and optical properties. At the crime scene, the prints that are left behind are generally latent (invisible) fingerprints. The Current review paper encompasses the synthesis of nanoparticles from conventional and advances synthetic pathways. Their applications, with and without modifications and their impacts on the enhancement of latent fingerprints, have also been discussed.

Role of anthropological opinion in verification of eyewitness identification result

2017 ◽  
Vol 297 ◽  
pp. 50-58
Author(s):  
Piotr Herbowski ◽  
◽  
Dorota Lorkiewicz-Muszyńska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Eyewitness Identification ◽  
Crime Scene ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Criminal Trial ◽  
Front Part ◽  
Legal Proceedings ◽  
Probative Value ◽  
The Face

Probative value of results obtained in the course of legal proceedings with the participants of the criminal act may vary. This also concerns results of identification by an eyewitness. The exceptional role of its result in the criminal trial derives from the fact that categorical identification of a suspect by the witness becomes directly incriminating evidence. Problems connected with verification of identification parade result, which often occur both in Poland and in other countries, have been presented on the basis of a real criminal case. The main evidence submitted by the prosecutor was identification of several people who had been suspected of theft by an eye witness. Some important doubts relating to their guilt, however, arose in the criminal trial in court several years after the crime. The court decided to use the help of an expert in the field of anthropological identification. Comprehensive analysis of the CCTV recordings from the crime scene and additional examinations carried out by an expert made it possible to verify the results of the identification parade objectively and precisely. For the defendants the anthropological opinion was just exculpatory evidence. However, it opened up new possibilities to obtain information, especially when low quality of CCTV recordings does not allow for a detailed analysis of the characteristics of morphological elements of the head including its front part which is the face.

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