scholarly journals Space, satellite and solutions: essential climate variables and the future of climate monitoring from space

Weather ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 73 (12) ◽  
pp. 390-391
Author(s):  
Kelvin Tsz Hei Choi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Variables ◽  
Climate Monitoring ◽  
The Future ◽  
Space Satellite

Satellitenbasierte Klimadatensätze und Produkte vom EUMETSAT’s CM SAF als Bestandteil einer nachhaltigen Infrastruktur zur Beobachtung der GCOS ECV‘s

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rainer Hollmann ◽  
Marc Schröder ◽  
Jörg Trentmann ◽  
Martin Stengel ◽  
Johannes Kaiser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Climate ◽  
Climate Variables ◽  
Eine Hohe ◽  
Climate Monitoring

<p>Das CM SAF (EUMETSAT Satellite Application Facility on Climate Monitoring) produziert, archiviert und stellt unter https://www.cmsaf.eu langjährige satellitenbasierte Klimadatensätze von vielen GCOS Essential Climate Variables (ECVs, essentielle Klimavariablen) bereit, die inzwischen auch die komplette aktuelle WMO Klimareferenzperiode 1990-2020 abdecken und damit eine gute Grundlage für die Analyse von Klimavariabilität und Klimawandel liefern. Seit 1999 hat das CM SAF kontinuierlich eine nachhaltige Infrastruktur zur Erzeugung von Klimadatensätzen aufgebaut, mit der Zeitreihen in hoher Qualität in einer operationellen Umgebung erzeugt werden, die auch aktuelle wissenschaftliche Entwicklungen berücksichtigen.</p> <p>Der inhaltliche Fokus des CM SAF liegt auf ECVs, wie Wolken, Wasserdampf, Niederschlag, Landoberflächentemperatur oder der Strahlungskomponenten (langwellig/kurzwellig) am Erdboden und am Oberrand der Atmosphäre, die durch GCOS (Global Climate Observing System) definiert wurden und im Zusammenhang mit dem globalen Energie und Wasser Kreislauf stehen. Einerseits nutzt das CM SAF dazu polarumlaufende Satelliten mit einer globalen räumlichen Abdeckung. Andererseits werden vom CM SAF für Afrika und Europa, Klimadatensätze für Wolken und Strahlung  basierend auf den zeitlich hochaufgelösten Messungen der METEOSAT-Instrumente erzeugt.</p> <p>Alle Daten des CM SAF werden kostenlos abgebeben, sind umfangreich dokumentiert und unabhängig extern begutachtet, um eine hohe Qualität zu gewährleisten. Dies wird unterstützt durch einen umfassenden Service für Kunden, indem beispielsweise Trainingsworkshops und andere Aktivitäten angeboten werden.</p> <p>Diese Präsentation wird einen Überblick über die aktuellen und geplanten Aktivitäten des CM SAF geben und soll interessierten Nutzern durch beispielhafte Anwendungen den Umgang mit CM SAF Produkten verdeutlichen. Zudem werden zukünftige mögliche Anwendungen der Datensätze aufgezeigt. </p>

Climate monitoring products for Europe based on Surface in-situ Observations

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Else van den Besselaar ◽  
Gerard van der Schrier ◽  
Ole Einar Tveito ◽  
Francesco Isotta ◽  
Phil Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Radiation ◽  
Climate Variables ◽  
Sea Level Pressure ◽  
Climate Assessment ◽  
European Climate ◽  
Climate Monitoring ◽  
Uncertainty Estimates ◽  
Expert Team ◽  
In Situ Observations

<p>This C3S service provides various observational surface in-situ datasets for Europe. Its core builds on the European Climate Assessment and Dataset (ECA&D) and the gridded E-OBS daily datasets for Europe. The pan-European E-OBS datasets for temperature, precipitation and sea level pressure are now available as ensemble datasets. Additional gridded datasets for other Essential Climate Variables are developed, like global radiation, wind speed and relative humidity. Next to the pan-European datasets, regional datasets for the Nordic, Alpine and Carphatian regions are available.</p><p>Climate monitoring products such as the indices defined by the Expert Team on Climate Change Detection and Indices (ETCCDI) are<br>available. Within this service, uncertainty estimates are provided as well for the pan-European datasets and indices.</p><p>All the information from these datasets and indices will flow into monthly State of the Climate reports which are available around the<br>25th of the next month from the dedicated portal for this service. The annual State of the Climate reports are created more centrally within<br>C3S and this service provides input for that report as well.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals THE FUTURE OF LANDSAT DATA PRODUCTS: ANALYSIS-READY DATA AND ESSENTIAL CLIMATE VARIABLES

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve Foga ◽  
◽  
Brian Davis ◽  
Brian Sauer ◽  
John L. Dwyer
Keyword(s):  
Landsat Data ◽  
Climate Variables ◽  
The Future ◽  
Data Products ◽  
Products Analysis

scholarly journals Tropical Atlantic Observing System (TAOS) Review Report

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Johns ◽  
Sabrina Speich ◽  
Lead Authors
Keyword(s):  
Data Flow ◽  
Scientific Progress ◽  
Tropical Atlantic ◽  
Climate Variables ◽  
Atlantic Region ◽  
Executive Summary ◽  
The Core ◽  
Concise Review ◽  
The Future ◽  
Close Cooperation

The Tropical Atlantic Observing System (TAOS) review was proposed by the CLIVAR Atlantic Region Panel (ARP) and has been organized by the CLIVAR ARP in close cooperation with the PIRATA consortium. The review is intended to evaluate scientific progress since the last review and recommend actions to advance sustained observing efforts in the tropical Atlantic. The structure of the report is organized with an executive summary that introduces the main societal drivers and provides a summary of the recommendations and where in the report these are more thoroughly discussed. The core text of the report then proceeds in the following order: (1) a concise review of TAOS societal, scientific and operational drivers; (2) a summary of the current TAOS observing network; (3) recommendations on the evolution of the TAOS; (4) information on the actual TAOS data flow and products and recommendations for their evolution; and (5) recommendations on the future governance of the TAOS. More detailed information on the scientific and operational drivers are provided in the Appendices as well as a rationalization of all observing requirements in terms of Essential Ocean and Climate Variables.

scholarly journals Cities of the future, visualizing climate change to inspire actions

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Francois Bastin ◽  
Emily Clark ◽  
Thomas Elliott ◽  
Simon Hart ◽  
Johan van den Hoogen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
Climate Impacts ◽  
Climate Projections ◽  
Climate Variables ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future

AbstractCombating against climate change requires unified action across all sectors of society. However, this collective action is precluded by the ‘consensus gap’ between scientific knowledge and public opinion. A growing body of evidence suggests that facts do not persuade people to act. Instead, it is visualization - the ability to simulate relatable scenarios - is the most effective approach for motivating behavior change. Here, we exemplify this approach, using current climate projections to enable people to visualize cities of the future, rather than describing intangible climate variables. Analyzing city pairs for 520 major cities of the world, we characterize which cities will most closely resemble the climate conditions of which other major cities by 2050. On average, most cities will resemble cities that are over 1000km south, and 22% of cities will experience climate conditions that are not currently experienced by any existing major cities. We predict that London’s climate in 2050 will resemble Barcelona’s climate today, Madrid will resemble to Marrakesh, Moscow to Sofia, Seattle to San Francisco, Stockholm to Budapest, Tokyo to Changsha, etc. Our approach illustrates how complex climate data can be packaged to provide tangible information. By allowing people to visualize their own climate futures, we hope to empower citizens, policy makers and scientists to visualize expected climate impacts and adapt decision making accordingly.

scholarly journals The Effect of Climatic Change on the Current and Future Niche of Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Vector and Reservoir Species in Yazd Province

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Babak Shiravand ◽  
Abbas Ali Dehghani Tafti ◽  
Seyed Hossein Mousavi ◽  
Ali Akbar Taj Firouzeh ◽  
Seyed Akbar Hosseini
Keyword(s):  
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Leishmania Major ◽  
Ecological Niches ◽  
Climate Variables ◽  
Climate System Model ◽  
Jackknife Test ◽  
Current Period ◽  
Reservoir Species ◽  
Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
The Future

Introduction: Leishmania tropica and Leishmania major are the causative agents of Anthroponotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (ACL) and Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (ZCL) in various areas of Iran, respectively. Yazd province is one of the endemic centers of ZCL. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate and predict the effects of the climate change on the potential scattering of the vector and reservoir species of ZCL disease in Yazd province, as one of the endemic centers of ZCL in Iran in the present (1950-2000) and prospective time (2030). Materials and Methods: According to the findings of prior studies conducted in Yazd province, the data related to the vectors and reservoir of the ZCL were collected and recorded in the databank. ArcGIS 10.3 and MaxEnt software were used to estimate the suitable ecological niches using 19 variables. In this study, Beijing Climate Center Climate System Model and scenario of  Representative Concentration Pathway 4.5 were applied with respect to 2030 horizon. Results: According to results of Jackknife test, the climate variables of Bio8 & Bio6 for the current period, and climate variables of Bio8 & Bio7 for the future (2030) produced the most effects on the distribution of vector and reservoir species in Yazd province. These results indicated that temperature had the greatest impact on the vector’s distribution in the present and future. Currently, eastern and central areas of the province are more likely to receive most of the vector and reservoir species. It is anticipated that in the future, we will observe an increase in the presence of vector in the western districts and reservoirs in the northern and central regions of the province.  Conclusion: Climate conditions provide suitable habitats for easy transfer of ZCL disease in Yazd province. This research confirmed that suitable climatic conditions for the vector and reservoir will be expanded in coming years in comparison with the current period.

scholarly journals Getting ahead of the curve: cities as surrogates for global change

2018 ◽  
Vol 285 (1882) ◽  
pp. 20180643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleanor C. Lahr ◽  
Robert R. Dunn ◽  
Steven D. Frank
Keyword(s):  
Global Change ◽  
Species Interactions ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Impervious Surface ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Climate Variables ◽  
The Future ◽  
Ecosystem Level ◽  
Global Change Scenarios

Urbanization represents an unintentional global experiment that can provide insights into how species will respond and interact under future global change scenarios. Cities produce many conditions that are predicted to occur widely in the future, such as warmer temperatures, higher carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) concentrations and exacerbated droughts. In using cities as surrogates for global change, it is challenging to disentangle climate variables—such as temperature—from co-occurring or confounding urban variables—such as impervious surface—and then to understand the interactive effects of multiple climate variables on both individual species and species interactions. However, such interactions are also difficult to replicate experimentally, and thus the challenges of cities are also their unique advantage. Here, we review insights gained from cities, with a focus on plants and arthropods, and how urban findings agree or disagree with experimental predictions and historical data. We discuss the types of hypotheses that can be best tested in cities, caveats to urban research and how to further validate cities as surrogates for global change. Lastly, we summarize how to achieve the goal of using urban species responses to predict broader regional- and ecosystem-level patterns in the future.

International determination of the total motion of the pole

1961 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 29-41
Author(s):  
Wm. Markowitz
Keyword(s):  
Secular Motion ◽  
The Future

A symposium on the future of the International Latitude Service (I. L. S.) is to be held in Helsinki in July 1960. My report for the symposium consists of two parts. Part I, denoded (Mk I) was published [1] earlier in 1960 under the title “Latitude and Longitude, and the Secular Motion of the Pole”. Part II is the present paper, denoded (Mk II).

Status of the Lick Proper Motion Program

1978 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 387-388
Author(s):  
A. R. Klemola
Keyword(s):  
Proper Motion ◽  
The Future

Second-epoch photographs have now been obtained for nearly 850 of the 1246 fields of the proper motion program with centers at declination -20° and northwards. For the sky at 0° and northward only 130 fields remain to be taken in the next year or two. The 270 southern fields with centers at -5° to -20° remain for the future.

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