Traumatic atlantoaxial subluxation associated with congenital aplasia of the odontoid process of the axis in an English Springer Spaniel

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Gilbert ◽  
Colin Driver
Keyword(s):  
Odontoid Process ◽  
Atlantoaxial Subluxation ◽  
Congenital Aplasia

scholarly journals Surgical management of traumatic atlantoaxial subluxation in two cats

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 205511692110270
Author(s):  
Emma Gilbert ◽  
Colin J Driver
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Management ◽  
Odontoid Process ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Complete Recovery ◽  
Spinal Pain ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Atlantoaxial Subluxation ◽  
Atlantoaxial Joint ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Pmma Cement

Case series summary We describe here the surgical management of two pure breed cats with traumatic atlantoaxial subluxation. One cat was ambulatory tetraparetic on presentation and the second was tetraplegic, both with cervical spinal pain and acute onset of paresis with subsequent deterioration. MRI was performed in both cases, demonstrating spinal cord injury. Flexed lateral cervical radiographs were needed to confirm atlantoaxial subluxation in one case. CT was performed for surgical planning and surgical stabilisation was achieved with threaded pins and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) cement; odontoidectomy was required in one case. Both cats showed improvement postoperatively, with no complications or deterioration seen. Following surgery, one cat made a complete recovery; however, the second cat retained significant deficits. Relevance and novel information We present the first report of surgically managed atlantoaxial subluxation of traumatic aetiology in cats, and report its occurrence in two novel breeds for this disease, Ragdoll and Persian. One case required odontoidectomy due to previous fracture and malunion of the odontoid process of the axis; both cases underwent surgical stabilisation of the atlantoaxial joint utilising multiple threaded pins and PMMA cement without transarticular implants – a technique that has not been previously reported in cats.

scholarly journals Atlantoaxial Subluxation after Pyogenic Spondylitis around the Odontoid Process

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsushi Hasegawa ◽  
Mitsuru Yagi ◽  
Masakazu Takemitsu ◽  
Masafumi Machida ◽  
Takashi Asazuma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Conservative Treatment ◽  
Odontoid Process ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Atlantoaxial Subluxation ◽  
Upper Cervical Spine ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Pyogenic Spondylitis ◽  
Intravenous Antibiotics ◽  
Upper Cervical

Study Design. A case report and review of the literature.Objective. The aim of this study was to describe the conservative management of pyogenic spondylitis around the odontoid process.Summary of Background Data. Atlantoaxial subluxation after pyogenic spondylitis is rare. The therapeutic approach to infection of the upper cervical spine is controversial.Methods. Medical chart and radiological images of a 76-year-old male patient were retrospectively reviewed. Radiography revealed atlantoaxial subluxation, and an abscess was seen around the odontoid process on magnetic resonance images. Intravenous antibiotics and a halo vest were used to treat the patient. We then observed the patient’s conservative treatment course.Results. C-reactive protein levels returned to normal 4 weeks after administration of the intravenous antibiotics. The patient’s muscle weakness also completely recovered 8 weeks after administration of the intravenous antibiotics. Because the patient was able to walk without any support, surgical treatment was not necessary.Conclusions. Pyogenic spondylitis of the upper cervical spine is a rare manifestation. Surgical or conservative treatment must be selected carefully based on the patient’s symptoms. If early diagnosis and treatment can be provided to the patients, conservative treatment can be achieved.

Stabilisation of atlantoaxial subluxation in the dog through ventral arthrodesis

2008 ◽  
Vol 150 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Jeserevics ◽  
P. enk ◽  
J. Beranek ◽  
A. Jaggy ◽  
S. Touru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantoaxial Subluxation

The Expanded Endonasal Approach: A Fully Endoscopic Transnasal Approach and Resection of the Odontoid Process

Skull Base ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 15 (S 2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl Snyderman ◽  
Amin Kassam ◽  
Paul Gardner ◽  
Ricardo Carrau ◽  
Richard Spiro
Keyword(s):  
Odontoid Process ◽  
Endonasal Approach ◽  
Transnasal Approach ◽  
Expanded Endonasal Approach ◽  
Endoscopic Transnasal Approach

La Maladie de Grisel: Spontaneous Atlantoaxial Subluxation

2001 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 268-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. F. Meek ◽  
R. A. E. C. Hermens ◽  
P. H. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Neck Pain ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Atlantoaxial Subluxation ◽  
Unusual Complication ◽  
Additional Investigation ◽  
Grisel’S Syndrome

Objective: “La maladie de Grisel” (Grisel's syndrome) is a spontaneously occurring atlantoaxial subluxation with torticollis. We present a case of atlantoaxial subluxation occurring in a 20-year period of pharyngoplasty surgery. The occurrence of a “spontaneous” atlantoaxial subluxation after oral cavity or pharynx operations is rare. Because some neck pain and stiffness are commonly seen after these kinds of operations, we would like to draw attention to this unusual complication. Symptoms associated with a torticollis after an operation in the oral cavity or pharynx requires additional investigation to exclude this rare complication. A review of the available literature concerning etiology and treatment of la maladie de Grisel is presented.

The Y-shaped trabecular bone structure in the odontoid process of the axis: a CT scan study in 54 healthy subjects and biomechanical considerations

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 585-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Montemurro ◽  
Paolo Perrini ◽  
Vittoriano Mangini ◽  
Massimo Galli ◽  
Andrea Papini
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scan ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Bone Structure ◽  
Cone Beam Ct ◽  
Odontoid Process ◽  
Trabecular Structure ◽  
Anatomical Entity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Axial Ct ◽  
The Mean

OBJECTIVEOdontoid process fractures are very common in both young and geriatric patients. The axial trabecular architecture of the dens appears to be crucial for physiological and biomechanical function of the C1–2 joint. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the presence of a Y-shaped trabecular structure of the dens on axial CT and to describe its anatomical and biomechanical implications.METHODSFifty-four C2 odontoid processes in healthy subjects were prospectively examined for the presence of a Y-shaped trabecular structure at the odontocentral synchondrosis level with a dental cone beam CT scan. Length, width, and axial area of the odontoid process were measured in all subjects. In addition, measurements of the one-third right anterior area of the Y-shaped structure were taken.RESULTSThe Y-shaped trabecular structure was found in 79.6% of cases. Length and width of the odontoid process were 13.5 ± 0.6 mm and 11.2 ± 0.9 mm, respectively. The mean area of the odontoid process at the odontocentral synchondrosis was 93.5 ± 4.3 mm2, whereas the mean one-third right anterior area of the odontoid process at the same level was 29.3 ± 2.5 mm2. The mean area of the odontoid process and its length and width were similar in men and women (p > 0.05). No significant difference was found in the mean area of the odontoid process in people older than 65 years (94 ± 4.2 mm2) compared to people younger than 65 years (93.3 ± 4.4 mm2; p > 0.05).CONCLUSIONSThe authors identified a new anatomical entity, named the Y-shaped trabecular structure of the odontoid process, on axial CT scans. This structure appears to be the result of bone transformation induced by the elevated dynamic loading at the C1–2 level. The presence of the Y-shaped structure provides new insights into biomechanical responses of C2 under physiological loading and traumatic conditions.

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