Crenosoma vulpis associated eosinophilic bronchopneumopathy in a young dog in Latvia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Armands Vekšins ◽  
Olga Ponomarjova ◽  
Charlotte Sandersen ◽  
Alīna Kļaviņa
Keyword(s):  
Crenosoma Vulpis

Nematodeninfektionen des Respirationstrakts bei Hunden in Deutschland

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (05) ◽  
pp. 326-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Barutzki
Keyword(s):  
Angiostrongylus Vasorum ◽  
Crenosoma Vulpis ◽  
Diagnose Und Therapie

ZusammenfassungNeue Arbeiten zum Lungenwurmbefall bei Hunden signalisieren, dass sich das Infektionsrisiko für Hunde in Deutschland in den letzten Jahren möglicherweise erhöht hat. Auswertungen von Kotuntersuchungen zeigen außerdem, dass Angiostrongylus vasorum, Crenosoma vulpis und Eucoleus aerophilus bei Hunden in Deutschland endemisiert sind. Von insgesamt 223 mit A. vasorum infizierten Hunden waren 102 in Baden-Württemberg beheimatet, 65 in Nordrhein-Westfalen, 27 im Saarland, 15 in Bayern, 7 in Rheinland-Pfalz, 5 in Hessen und 2 in Brandenburg. Von 170 C.-vulpis-positiven Hunden lebten 54 in Nordrhein-Westfalen, 40 in Baden-Württemberg, 30 in Bayern, jeweils 17 in Rheinland-Pfalz und im Saarland, 9 in Hessen und jeweils 1 Hund in Niedersachen, Berlin und Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. Ein Befall mit E. aerophilus wurde bei 83 Hunden festgestellt, von denen 23 aus Baden-Württemberg, 20 aus Nordrhein-Westfalen, 17 aus Bayern, 11 aus Rheinland-Pfalz, 7 aus Hessen, 4 aus dem Saarland und 1 Hund aus Mecklenburg-Vorpommern stammten. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Infektionen mit Lungenwürmern bei Hunden in vielen Gebieten in Deutschland etabliert sind. Mit der vorliegenden Arbeit sollen die wesentlichen Fakten der Erkrankung zusammengestellt und ein Überblick über Vorkommen und Verbreitung, zur Klinik, Diagnose und Therapie der Lungenwurminfektionen beim Hund gegeben werden.

scholarly journals Infectivity of gastropod-shed third-stage larvae of Angiostrongylus vasorum and Crenosoma vulpis to dogs

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
William Robbins ◽  
Gary Conboy ◽  
Spencer Greenwood ◽  
Roland Schaper
Keyword(s):  
Tap Water ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Angiostrongylus Vasorum ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Red Foxes ◽  
Romaine Lettuce ◽  
Crenosoma Vulpis ◽  
Artificial Digestion ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Limax Maximus

Abstract Background Metastrongyloid parasites Angiostrongylus vasorum and Crenosoma vulpis infect wild and domestic canids and are important pathogens in dogs. Recent studies indicate that gastropod intermediate hosts infected with various metastrongyloids spontaneously shed infective third-stage larvae (L3) into the environment via feces and mucus under laboratory conditions. Shed L3 retain motility up to 120 days, but whether they retain infectivity was unknown. Methods To assess the infectivity of shed L3, the heart/lungs of six red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) were obtained from trappers in Newfoundland, Canada. Lungs were examined for first-stage larvae (L1) by the Baermann technique. A high number of viable A. vasorum L1 and a low number of C. vulpis L1 were recovered from one fox; these were used to infect naïve laboratory-raised Limax maximus. L3 recovered from slugs by artificial digestion were fed to two naïve purpose-bred research beagles (100 L3/dog). L1 shed by these two dogs was used to infect 546 L. maximus (2000–10,000 L1/slug). L3 shedding was induced by anesthetizing slugs in soda water and transferring them into warm (45 °C) tap water for at least 8 h. Shed L3 recovered from slugs were aliquoted on romaine lettuce in six-well tissue culture plates (80–500 L3/well) and stored at 16 °C/75% relative humidity. Four naïve research beagles were then exposed to 100 L3/dog from larvae stored for 0, 2, 4, or 8 weeks, respectively, after shedding. Results All four dogs began shedding C. vulpis L1 by 26–36 days post-infection (PI). All four dogs began shedding A. vasorum L1 by 50 days PI. Conclusions L3 infectivity for the definitive host was retained in both metastrongyloids, indicating the potential for natural infection in dogs through exposure from environmental contamination. As an additional exposure route, eating or licking plant or other material(s) contaminated with metastrongyloid L3 could dramatically increase the number of dogs at risk of infection from these parasites. Graphic Abstract

scholarly journals Crenosoma vulpis in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in Northern Italy

2019 ◽  
Vol 118 (6) ◽  
pp. 1981-1985 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benedetto Morandi ◽  
Sofia Bertaso ◽  
Gary Conboy ◽  
Andrea Gustinelli ◽  
Roberta Galuppi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vulpes Vulpes ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
Red Foxes ◽  
Crenosoma Vulpis

scholarly journals Prevalence of Angiostrongylus vasorum, Aelurostrongylus abstrusus and Crenosoma vulpis larvae in native slug populations in Germany

2018 ◽  
Vol 254 ◽  
pp. 120-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.K. Lange ◽  
F. Penagos-Tabares ◽  
J. Hirzmann ◽  
K. Failing ◽  
R. Schaper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Angiostrongylus Vasorum ◽  
Aelurostrongylus Abstrusus ◽  
Crenosoma Vulpis

scholarly journals Detection of Crenosoma spp., Angiostrongylus vasorum and Aelurostrongylus abstrusus in Gastropods in Eastern Austria

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans-Peter Fuehrer ◽  
Simone Morelli ◽  
Julian Bleicher ◽  
Thomas Brauchart ◽  
Mirjam Edler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Angiostrongylus Vasorum ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Aelurostrongylus Abstrusus ◽  
Crenosoma Vulpis ◽  
Arion Vulgaris ◽  
Eastern Austria ◽  
Limax Maximus

Canine and feline cardiorespiratory parasites are of utmost relevance in veterinary medicine. Key epizootiological information on major pet metastrongyloids, i.e., Angiostrongylus vasorum and Crenosoma vulpis infecting dogs, and Aelurostrongylus abstrusus and Troglostrongylus brevior infecting cats, is missing from Austria. This study investigated their occurrence in 1320 gastropods collected in the Austrian provinces of Styria, Burgenland, Lower Austria, and in metropolitan Vienna. Metastrongyloid larvae were microscopically detected in 25 samples, and sequence analysis confirmed the presence of metastrongyloids in nine samples, i.e., A. vasorum in one slug (Arion vulgaris) (0.07%), C. vulpis in five slugs (one Limax maximus and four A. vulgaris) (0.4%), A. abstrusus in two A. vulgaris (0.17%), and the hedgehog lungworm Crenosoma striatum was detected in one A. vulgaris. The present study confirms the enzooticity of major cardiorespiratory nematodes in Austria and that canine and feline populations are at risk of infection.

scholarly journals Crenosoma vulpis in dog: first case report in Italy and use of the FLOTAC technique for copromicroscopic diagnosis

2008 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 569-569
Author(s):  
L. Rinaldi ◽  
G. Calabria ◽  
S. Carbone ◽  
A. Carrella ◽  
G. Cringoli
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Crenosoma Vulpis ◽  
First Case ◽  
Flotac Technique

The Pathogenesis, Route of Migration, and Development of Crenosoma vulpis in the Dog

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. H. G. Stockdale ◽  
T. J. Hulland
Keyword(s):  
Portal Vein ◽  
Pulmonary Circulation ◽  
Hepatic Parenchyma ◽  
Crenosoma Vulpis ◽  
Infective Larvae ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Hepatic Portal Vein ◽  
Hepatic Portal ◽  
Migration And Development

In the dog infective larvae of Crenosoma vulpis migrate from the stomach to the lungs via the hepatic portal vein, hepatic parenchyma, hepatic vein, heart, and pulmonary circulation, arriving in the lungs as early as 6 h after infection. Third-stage larvae induce the formation of necrotic foci throughout the liver during the first 24 h after infection. The discarded cuticles of the third-stage larvae elicit granulomata which become the centre of foci of interstitial pneumonia. Adult C. vulpis cause bronchitis and bronchiolitis.

Ultrastructural study of the teguminal sheaths of two metastrongyloid nematodes

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 423-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. H. G. Stockdale ◽  
M. A. Fernando ◽  
J. Gilroy
Keyword(s):  
Ultrastructural Study ◽  
Basal Layer ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Surface Layers ◽  
Outer Cortex ◽  
Crenosoma Vulpis ◽  
Outer Sheath ◽  
Nematode Cuticle

The ultrastructure of the surface layers of two metastrongyloid nematodes, Crenosoma vulpis and Perostrongylus pridhami, is described. The cuticles of both worms consist of the three basic layers of a typical nematode cuticle: an outer cortex, a middle matrix, and an inner basal layer. The "teguminal sheath" described as an outer sheath in certain metastrongyloids appears to correspond to the cortex in both the nematodes studied. The very wide matrix of low-density material separating the outer cortex from the inner basal layer of the cuticle is thought to have led to the concept that the "teguminal sheath" is a loose membranous sheath enveloping the nematode.

Increased prevalence and geographic spread of the cardiopulmonary nematode Angiostrongylus vasorum in fox populations in Great Britain

Parasitology ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 142 (9) ◽  
pp. 1190-1195 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. S. TAYLOR ◽  
R. GARCIA GATO ◽  
J. LEARMOUNT ◽  
N. A. AZIZ ◽  
C. MONTGOMERY ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
Pulmonary Circulation ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Angiostrongylus Vasorum ◽  
Previous Survey ◽  
Confidence Bounds ◽  
Crenosoma Vulpis ◽  
Geographic Spread ◽  
Microscopic Inspection ◽  
Diagnostic Technologies

SUMMARYThe nematode Angiostrongylus vasorum is becoming more widely recorded globally, and is of increasing concern as a cause of disease in dogs. Apparent geographic spread is difficult to confirm due to a lack of standardized disease recording systems, increasing awareness among veterinary clinicians, and recent improvements in diagnostic technologies. This study examines the hypothesis that A. vasorum has spread in recent years by repeating the methods of a previous survey of the fox population. The hearts and lungs of 442 foxes from across Great Britain were collected and examined by dissection and flushing of the pulmonary circulation and microscopic inspection of tracheal scrapes. Sampling and parasite extraction methods were identical to an earlier survey in 2005 to ensure comparability. Prevalence of A. vasorum was 18·3% (exact binomial confidence bounds 14·9–22·3), compared with 7·3% previously (5·3–9·9, n = 546), and had increased significantly in most regions, e.g. 7·4% in the Northern UK (previously zero) and 50·8% in the south-east (previously 23·2%). Other nematodes identified were Crenosoma vulpis (prevalence 10·8%, CI 8·1–14·2) and Eucoleus aerophilus (31·6%, CI 27·3–36·2). These data support the proposal that A. vasorum has increased in prevalence and has spread geographically in Great Britain.

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