Improvement in Low Temperature Izod Impact Strength of SAN/ASA/HNBR Ternary Blends Considering Competing Effects of Glass Transition Temperature and Compatibility

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-235
Author(s):  
Zepeng Mao ◽  
Jun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Glass Transition ◽  
Transition Temperature ◽  
Glass Transition Temperature ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Ternary Blends ◽  
Izod Impact Strength ◽  
Izod Impact

Silane Functionalized Ethylene/Diene Copolymer Modifiers in Composites of Heterophasic Polypropylene and Microsilica

2007 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 343-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Lipponen ◽  
P. Pietikäinen ◽  
U. Vainio ◽  
R. Serimaa ◽  
J.V. Seppälä
Keyword(s):  
Glass Transition ◽  
Transition Temperature ◽  
Glass Transition Temperature ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Metallocene Catalyst ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Rubber Toughened ◽  
Rubbery Phase ◽  
The Impact

Ethylene/1,7-octadiene copolymer was polymerised with metallocene catalyst and hydrosilylated to form silane functionalised polyethylenes (PE-co-SiX, X=Cl, OEt, Ph). The functionalised species were tested as modifiers in composites of rubber toughened polypropylene (heterophasic PP, hPP) and microsilica filler (μSi). A metallocene-based functionalised PE (PE-co-SiF) produced earlier in our laboratory and three commercial grades of functionalised polyolefins (one PE- and two PP-based) were used as reference modifiers. Major differences were seen in the toughness of the composites both above and below the glass transition temperature (Tg) of PP. In addition to increasing the stiffness, the microsilica filler enhanced the toughness of the heterophasic polypropylene by over 200% at ambient temperature. Below the Tg of PP (at −20 °C), the influence of μSi was the opposite and the impact strength of the hPP/μSi composite was below that of unfilled hPP. With the addition of just 2 wt% of functionalised polyethylene, the poor cold toughness of hPP/μSi composite was improved by nearly 100%. With the same addition, the toughness of the composites at ambient temperature was improved by 50 to 100% compared with the unfilled hPP. This behaviour was explained by significant changes in the fracture mechanism. Addition of functionalised PE increased the concentration of microsilica in the rubbery phase, allowing the crack to enter that phase. The rubbery phase was also able to absorb a large amount of impact energy below the glass transition temperature of PP.

scholarly journals Recycled Glass Fibres from Wind Turbines as a Filler for Poly(Vinyl Chloride)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Lewandowski ◽  
Katarzyna Skórczewska ◽  
Kazimierz Piszczek ◽  
Włodzimierz Urbaniak
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Glass Transition ◽  
Transition Temperature ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Glass Transition Temperature ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Wind Turbine Blades ◽  
Poly Vinyl Chloride

This paper presents the method of using glass fibre with carbon deposit (GFCD), derived from the recycling of wind turbine blades, for production of composite materials based on poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC). Composite materials containing from 1 to 15 wt% of GFCD were produced by plasticising with a plastographometer and then by pressing. The processability and performance were studied. Mechanical properties in static tension, impact strength, and thermal stability were determined. Glass transition temperature was also determined by means of the dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA). The GFCD percentage of up to 15 wt% was found not to slightly affect the change in the processability, thermal stability, and glass transition temperature. PVC/GFCD composite materials are characterised by a definitely greater elastic modulus with simultaneous decrease of tensile strength and impact strength. An analysis with scanning electron microscopy revealed good adhesion between the filler and the polymer matrix.

Citric acid grafting onto polyurethane for the control of molecular interactions and water compatibility

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
pp. 691-710
Author(s):  
Yong-Chan Chung ◽  
Hyeryoung Yoon ◽  
Jae Won Choi ◽  
Byoung Chul Chun
Keyword(s):  
Glass Transition ◽  
Transition Temperature ◽  
Glass Transition Temperature ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Molecular Interactions ◽  
Water Permeability ◽  
Enthalpy Change ◽  
Low Temperature Flexibility ◽  
Grafting Onto

Citric acid (CA) was used as a grafted group onto polyurethane (PU) to form a CA-grafted PU series, with a control PU series containing free CA prepared for comparison. With an increase in the CA content, the enthalpy change during the melting increased for the PU and CPU series, and the glass transition temperature increased with the increase in CA content for the PU series but not for the CPU series. The tensile strengths of the PU series sharply increased with the CA content, whereas those of the CPU series did not. The PU series demonstrated better low-temperature flexibility and water permeability than the unmodified PU.

Structure-Property Relationships in Elastomer-Modified Terpolymer Systems

1971 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-70
Author(s):  
E. M. Hagerman
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Glass Transition ◽  
Transition Temperature ◽  
Glass Transition Temperature ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ◽  
Matrix Composition ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
Constant Matrix ◽  
Izod Impact

Abstract A number of terpolymers, incorporating as the elastomer phase polybutadiene, polyisoprene, poly-2,3-dimethylbutadiene, poly(butadiene-co-styrene), and poly(butadiene-co-2-methyl-5-vinylpyridine), were studied. Matrices were composed of poly(styrene-co-aerylonitrile) (SAN), poly(α-methylstyrene-eo-acrylonitrile), and poly(styrene-co-acenaphthylene). At constant elastomer content and elastomer molecular weight in systems employing a SAN matrix, Izod impact resistance was found to vary inversely with rising elastomer-glass transition temperature. In systems of various matrix composition, using a polybutadiene elastomer, heat deflection temperatures were found to vary directly and impact resistance inversely with rising matrix-glass transition temperature. In acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), systems of constant matrix composition and elastomer content, varying the elastomer molecular weight from 0.6 to 2.6×105 resulted in increasing the Izod impact resistance from 0.67 to 12.8 ft-1b/in. of notch.

Cryomicroscopy of Latex and Latex Films

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (S2) ◽  
pp. 316-317
Author(s):  
O. L. Shaffer ◽  
M. S. El-Aasser
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Glass Transition ◽  
Transition Temperature ◽  
Glass Transition Temperature ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Protective Coatings ◽  
Continuous Film ◽  
The Core ◽  
Film Forming ◽  
Water Uses

Latexes are dispersions of homopolymers and copolymers, usually in water. Uses of these latexes are many such as protective coatings and adhesives. In order to form a continuous film the polymer must have film forming properties such as a low glass transition temperature (Tg). Latexes are being designed such as one polymer in the core of the particle and a shell of another polymer or perhaps a series of shell layers. Microscopy has become a powerful tool in the examination of the morphology of the latex particles. Because of the use of low Tg polymers, sample preparation and examination by electron microscopy at temperatures above the Tg of the polymer causes the particles to become distorted and no longer representative of their true morphology. Low temperature methods therefore have become crucial in the field of latex microscopy.

Curing, Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Liquid Crystalline p-SBPEPB/BPAER/DDE System

2011 ◽  
Vol 239-242 ◽  
pp. 3253-3256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Huo ◽  
Jun Gang Gao ◽  
Yong Gang Du
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Glass Transition ◽  
Transition Temperature ◽  
Glass Transition Temperature ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Liquid Crystalline ◽  
Curing Agent ◽  
Thermal And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Component System

The curing, thermal and mechanical properties of bi-component system for bisphenol A epoxy resin (BPAER) modified by liquid crystalline Sulfonyl bis(4,1-phenylene)bis[4-(2,3-epoxypro pyloxy)benzoate] (p-SBPEPB), with 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl ether (DDE) as a curing agent, were investigated. The effect of the different liquid crystalline contents and the heating rate on curing reaction was discussed. The results show that the curing peak temperature decreases, curing rate increases, the glass transition temperature (Tg)and impact strength all increase with adding of liquid crystalline p-SBPEPB when the content is not over 8wt%.

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