The stability of poly(vinyl chloride)

2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Béla Iván
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Poly Vinyl Chloride ◽  
The Stability

Zinc Hydroxystannate-Coated Mineral Grade Mg(OH)2 as Flame-Retardant and Smoke Suppression for Flexible PVC

2013 ◽  
Vol 652-654 ◽  
pp. 481-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun Zheng Wang ◽  
Wei Hong Wu ◽  
Xia Ye ◽  
Lei Liu
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Smoke Suppression ◽  
Crosslinking Reaction ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index ◽  
Smoke Suppressant ◽  
Poly Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Zinc Hydroxystannate ◽  
The Stability

A zinc hydroxystannate-coated mineral grade Mg(OH)2 (ZHSCMH) was synthesized as flame retardant and smoke suppressant for flexible poly (vinyl chloride). The powder of ZHSCMH was characterized by the x-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The flame retardancy, smoke suppression and thermal behavior of PVC treated with ZHSCMH and mineral grade Mg(OH)2 were comparative studied by means of limiting oxygen index (LOI), smoke density rating (SDR), thermogravimetry (TG), differential thermogravimetry (DTG) and SEM. The results show that, ZHSCMH can be used as a high effective flame retardant and smoke suppressant for PVC. The flame retardant of ZHSCMH can effectively promote the crosslinking reaction of poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) in the first stage, and improve the stability of the char residue in the second stage.

scholarly journals Transport of chromium(III) from mixtures of chromium ions by CTA- and PVC-based inclusion membranes

2018 ◽  
Vol 78 (8) ◽  
pp. 1792-1801
Author(s):  
J. Rajewski
Keyword(s):  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Ion Transport ◽  
Carrier Concentration ◽  
Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Polymer Matrix ◽  
Cellulose Triacetate ◽  
Process Time ◽  
Optimum Range ◽  
Poly Vinyl Chloride ◽  
The Stability

Abstract The author analysed the stability of cellulose triacetate (CTA)- and poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC)-based polymer inclusion membranes (PIMs) containing bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) as a carrier for chromium(III) separation from mixtures of Cr(III)/Cr(VI) ions. He also studied the influence of carrier (D2EHPA) concentration in PVC- and CTA-based PIMs on chromium(III) ion transport, at different initial concentrations of the Cr(III) ions. Based on the results, the optimum range of carrier concentration in both membranes guaranteeing the fastest process was found. Moreover, PIMs with D2EHPA as the carrier worked as selective barriers for Cr(VI) ions. However, in the case of CTA/PIM, the increase in Cr(VI) concentration above 0.005 mol/dm3 negatively influenced Cr(III) transport, which was caused by the degradation of the polymer matrix. The PVC/PIM was not influenced by the Cr(VI) ions, thus PVC was definitely a better polymer for the synthesis of PIM for the separation of Cr(III/VI) ions. It was also demonstrated that both membranes were not stable over a long process time. The results reported in this study suggest that the factor that determines the stability of PIMs with D2EHPA is the presence of water in the membrane and the formation of unstable micellar structures.

scholarly journals The synergism of MgCO3 and 2ZnCO3·3ZnO·4H2O as flame retardants and smoke suppressants for flexible poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC)

e-Polymers ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongqiang Qu ◽  
Weihong Wu ◽  
Yunhong Jiao ◽  
Jixing Xie ◽  
Jianzhong Xu
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Char Residue ◽  
Initial Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Poly Vinyl Chloride ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Synergistic Agent

AbstractMgCO3 and 2ZnCO3·3ZnO·4H2O (AZC) as flame-retardants and smoke suppressants for flexible poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) was evaluated using limiting oxygen index (LOI), smoke density rating (SDR) tests, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermogravimetry analysis (TGA). The activation energy (Ea) of the original and flame retardant PVCs’ degradation processes was calculated by the Vyazovkin method. The results showed that the AZC can be used as a synergistic agent for MgCO3 as flame retardants agent of flexible PVC. The composites of MgCO3 and AZC cannot only decrease the initial decomposition temperature and increase the weight loss rate in the first stage, but also can promote the char formation in the second stage. The AZC decreased the Ea of the degradation reaction of PVC in the first stage and MgCO3 increased the Ea in the second stage, which means that the AZC combined with MgCO3, catalyzed the dehydrochlorination, promoted the early crosslinking for the PVC compound and improve the stability of the char residue. The SEM results also show that the char residue of MgCO3/AZC treated sample has a continuous and denser structure, which can be used as a barrier for the PVC bulk.

scholarly journals Substituted Organotin Complexes of 4-Methoxybenzoic Acid for Reduction of Poly(vinyl Chloride) Photodegradation

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 3946
Author(s):  
Angham G. Hadi ◽  
Sadiq J. Baqir ◽  
Dina S. Ahmed ◽  
Gamal A. El-Hiti ◽  
Hassan Hashim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Polymeric Films ◽  
Harsh Environments ◽  
Spectroscopic Methods ◽  
Poly Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Tin Complexes ◽  
Ultraviolet Absorbers ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Methoxybenzoic Acid

Poly(vinyl chloride) suffers from degradation through oxidation and decomposition when exposed to radiation and high temperatures. Stabilizers are added to polymeric materials to inhibit their degradation and enable their use for a longer duration in harsh environments. The design of new additives to stabilize poly(vinyl chloride) is therefore desirable. The current study includes the synthesis of new tin complexes of 4-methoxybenzoic acid and investigates their potential as photostabilizers for poly(vinyl chloride). The reaction of 4-methoxybenzoic acid and substituted tin chlorides gave the corresponding substituted tin complexes in good yields. The structures of the complexes were confirmed using analytical and spectroscopic methods. Poly(vinyl chloride) was doped with a small quantity (0.5%) of the tin complexes and homogenous thin films were made. The effects of the additives on the stability of the polymeric material on irradiation with ultraviolet light were assessed using different methods. Weight loss, production of small polymeric fragments, and drops in molecular weight were lower in the presence of the additives. The surface of poly(vinyl chloride), after irradiation, showed less damage in the films containing additives. The additives, in particular those containing aromatic (phenyl groups) substitutes, inhibited the photodegradation of polymeric films significantly. Such additives act as efficient ultraviolet absorbers, peroxide quenchers, and hydrogen chloride scavengers.

Effect of macromolecular chemical structure and isomerism on the stability of poly(vinyl chloride)

1984 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.S. Minsker ◽  
S.V. Kolesov ◽  
V.M. Yanborisov ◽  
A.A. Berlin ◽  
G.E. Zaikov
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Poly Vinyl Chloride ◽  
The Stability
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