scholarly journals Synthesis and in vitro antifungal efficiency of alginate-stabilized Cu2 O-Cu nanoparticles against Neoscytalidium dimidiatum causing brown spot disease on dragon fruit plants (Hylocereus undatus )

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 318-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bui Duy Du ◽  
Doan Thi Bich Ngoc ◽  
Nguyen Duy Thang ◽  
Le Nghiem Anh Tuan ◽  
Bui Dinh Thach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brown Spot ◽  
Cu Nanoparticles ◽  
Spot Disease ◽  
Neoscytalidium Dimidiatum ◽  
Brown Spot Disease ◽  
Dragon Fruit ◽  
Antifungal Efficiency ◽  
Fruit Plants ◽  
Hylocereus Undatus

Induction of Chitinase and Brown Spot Disease Resistance by Oligochitosan and Nanosilica–Oligochitosan in Dragon Fruit Plants

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Le Nghiem Anh Tuan ◽  
Bui Duy Du ◽  
Le Doan Thanh Ha ◽  
Lai Thi Kim Dzung ◽  
Dang Van Phu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Brown Spot ◽  
Spot Disease ◽  
Brown Spot Disease ◽  
Dragon Fruit ◽  
Fruit Plants

scholarly journals First Report of Brown Spot Disease Caused by Neoscytalidium dimidiatum on Hylocereus undatus in Guangdong, Chinese Mainland

Plant Disease ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 96 (11) ◽  
pp. 1702-1702 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.-B. Lan ◽  
Z.-F. He ◽  
P.-G. Xi ◽  
Z.-D. Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Aerial Mycelium ◽  
Chinese Mainland ◽  
Brown Spot ◽  
Sterile Water ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar Medium ◽  
First Report ◽  
Spot Disease ◽  
Neoscytalidium Dimidiatum ◽  
Brown Spot Disease ◽  
Hylocereus Undatus

Pitahaya or dragon fruit [Hylocereus undatus (Haw.) Britton & Rose] is one of the most popular tropical fruits in the world. In China, it is widely planted in Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, and Taiwan. In July 2011, a new pitahaya disease was found in Conghua City and Yunfu City, Guangdong Province, China, characterized by many small, circular, reddish brown spots over the diseased stems. The spots continuously expanded, and ultimately formed large areas of canker on stems. It is similar to pitahaya stem canker disease caused by Neoscytalidium dimidiatum in Taiwan (1). Pieces of tissues were collected from the lesion margins. After surface disinfestations with 1% sodium hypochloride for 1 min and rinsing in sterile water three times, the diseased tissues were placed on potato dextrose agar medium plates (PDA) and incubated at 28°C for 3 days. A dark, fast-growing fungus was isolated from all samples. For identification, single-spore cultures were grown on PDA in an incubator at 28°C. After 5 days, colonies with dark gray to black aerial mycelium formed. The colonies produced abundant conidia that occurred in arthric chains in aerial mycelium. The conidia were disarticulating, cylindrical-truncate, oblong-obtuse to doliform, dark brown, zero- to one-septate, and averaged 7.56 (5.46 to 10.30) × 6.20 (3.79 to 8.93) μm. The teleomorph was never observed in PDA culture. Based on these characteristics, the fungus was identified as N. dimidiatum (Penz.) Crous & Slippers (2). The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of rDNAs from two isolates were amplified by primers ITS1 and ITS4 (3), and then sequenced. Both sequences were completely identical and 579 bp long (GenBank Accession Nos. JX128103 and JX128104), with 99% identity to that of N. dimidiatum previously deposited (Accession No. HQ439174). To confirm its pathogenicity, six healthy detached stems of pitahaya designed as two replicates were inoculated by injecting 10 μl of conidia suspension (1 × 106 conidia per ml). Three stems were inoculated with sterile water as controls. The inoculated stems were kept in an incubator at 28°C in dark. The stems exhibited the same symptoms as described above after 10 days post inoculation, whereas no symptoms developed on the control stems. The fungus was reisolated from the lesions of the inoculated stem. These results indicated that N. dimidiatum was the pathogen of pitahaya brown spot disease. To our knowledge, this is the first report of brown spot caused by N. dimidiatum on H. undatus on the Chinese mainland. References: (1) M. F. Chuang et al. Plant Dis. 96:906, 2012. (2) P. W. Crous et al. Stud. Mycol. 55:235, 2006. (3) T. J. White et al. Page 315 in: PCR Protocols: A Guide to Methods and Applications. M. A. Innis et al., eds. Academic Press, New York, 1990.

In vitro screening of rice germplasm for resistance to brown spot disease using phytotoxin

1985 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. H. Ling ◽  
P. Vidhyaseharan ◽  
E. S. Borromeo ◽  
F. J. Zapata ◽  
T. W. Mew
Keyword(s):  
Brown Spot ◽  
In Vitro Screening ◽  
Spot Disease ◽  
Rice Germplasm ◽  
Brown Spot Disease

scholarly journals Potential Application of Propolis Extracts to Control the Growth of Stemphylium vesicarium in “Rocha” Pear

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1990 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcella Loebler ◽  
Claudia Sánchez ◽  
Elisabete Muchagato Maurício ◽  
Eugénio Diogo ◽  
Mário Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Brown Spot ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Stemphylium Vesicarium ◽  
Spot Disease ◽  
Brown Spot Disease

Stemphylium vesicarium (Wallr.) E. G. Simmons is the pathogen responsible of brown spot disease in pear and has become one of the main concerns for European pear producers. In Portugal, S. vesicarium is responsible for significant yield reduction and economic losses in “Rocha” pear (Pyrus communis L. cv Rocha) production. Considering the antimicrobial potential of propolis, the high incidence of brown spot in pears and the emergence of fungicides resistance in S. vesicarium, this study aimed to evaluate the potential of Portuguese propolis as an alternative strategy to control brown spot disease in “Rocha” pear. In vitro assays showed that propolis extracts were able to inhibit up to 90% the S. vesicarium mycelial growth. In vivo assays in artificially wounded and inoculated “Rocha” pears showed that, compared to the control, the disease incidence decreased up to 25% and the lesions diameter up to 57%, in fruits treated with propolis. Moreover, propolis seems to be more efficient in reducing the disease incidence when applied after pathogen inoculation (curative assay) than when applied before pathogen inoculation (prophylactic assay). Thus, the results suggest that propolis extracts have potential to be applied as part of an integrated approach for the control of brown spot of pear.

scholarly journals Study on the possibility of using microorganisms as biological agents to control fungal pathogens Neoscytalidium dimidiatum causing disease of brown spots on the dragon fruit

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-44
Author(s):  
Huu Thanh Luong ◽  
Bang Tam Nguyen Kieu ◽  
Thuy Nga Vu ◽  
Thi Thuy Ha ◽  
Hai Van Tong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rdna ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Microbial Control ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Brown Spot ◽  
Streptomyces Fradiae ◽  
Neoscytalidium Dimidiatum ◽  
Brown Spot Disease ◽  
Dragon Fruit ◽  
Bacillus Polyfermenticus

Research and application of microbial control of brown spot disease on the dragon fruit caused by fungi Neoscytalidium dimetiatum have important implications towards the safe and sustainable dragon fruit production. In this article, the research team has identified two strains of microorganisms capable of inhibiting fungi Neoscytalidium dimitiatum denoted A3, B7. Classification results determined that A3 belongs to Actinomyces group 3 with similarities of 100% (1500/1500 bp) with 16S rDNA segment of Streptomyces fradiae; B7 with similarities of 100% (1414/1414 bp) with 16S rDNA segment of bacteria Bacillus polyfermenticus and ensure biosafety when released into the environment. Nghiên cứu ứng dụng vi sinh vật kiểm soát bệnh đốm nâu trên cây thanh long do nấm Neoscytalidium dimetiatum gây ra có ý nghĩa quan trọng hướng tới ngành sản xuất thanh long an toàn và bền vững. Trong bài viết này nhóm nghiên cứu đã xác định được hai chủng vi sinh vật có khả năng ức chế nấm Neoscytalidium dimitiatum cao kí hiệu là A3, B7. Kết quả phân loại xác định chủng A3 thuộc nhóm xạ khuẩn 3 tương đồng 100% (1500/1500 bp) với đoạn 16S rDNA của Streptomyces fradiae; chủng B7 tương đồng 100% (1414/1414 bp) với đoạn 16S của vi khuẩn Bacillus polyfermenticus và đảm bảo an toàn sinh học khi phóng thích ra môi trường.

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