scholarly journals The epidemiology of stifle joint disease in an insured Swedish dog population

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolina Engdahl ◽  
Jeanette Hanson ◽  
Annika Bergström ◽  
Brenda Bonnett ◽  
Odd Höglund ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Joint Disease ◽  
Stifle Joint

Association of mineralisations in the stifle joint of domestic cats with degenerative joint disease and cranial cruciate ligament pathology

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katja Voss ◽  
Philemon Karli ◽  
Pierre M Montavon ◽  
Hans Geyer
Keyword(s):  
Medial Meniscus ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Degenerative Joint Disease ◽  
Joint Capsule ◽  
Degenerative Changes ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Fat Pad ◽  
Cranial Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Stifle Joint ◽  
Periarticular Tissue

Objectives The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence, size, location and appearance of mineralisations in feline stifle joints, and to evaluate their relationship with osteoarthritis and cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL) status. Methods Presence or absence, and size of mineralisations were determined from lateral stifle radiographs of 25 cats with CrCL rupture, and 44 cat cadavers without CrCL rupture. Mineralisations were classified as small, medium or large. Prevalence was compared between the clinically affected cats and the cadavers; the cadaver group was subdivided into an age-matched and an older group. Ten stifles with varying sizes of mineralisations were prepared as whole-knee specimens for histopathology. Location and appearance of the mineralisations, and degenerative changes in the cruciate ligaments, menisci, articular cartilage and joint capsule are described. Results Prevalence of articular mineralisations was 0.76 in stifles of cats with CrCL rupture (mean ± SD age 8.6 ± 4.5 years), 0.64 in stifles of age-matched cat cadavers and 0.74 in older cat cadavers (mean ± SD age 17.0 ± 2.4 years). Cats with CrCL rupture had a higher percentage of medium and large mineralisations than cats without CrCL rupture. Microscopically, small mineralisations were calcifications usually located in the cranial horn of the medial meniscus. Larger mineralisations were found to be ossifications, commonly located in the joint capsule and fat pad. Cats with larger mineralisations showed more signs of osteoarthritis, including degenerative changes in the CrCL. Conclusions and relevance Mineralisations in feline stifle joints were found to differ in size, appearance and location. Small mineralisations were usually confined to the medial meniscus, as described previously; larger mineralisations tended to be located in the tissues cranial to the menisci and seemed to be associated with osteoarthritis and CrCL pathology. Large mineralisations in feline stifles are ossifications in periarticular tissue and are associated with degenerative joint disease.

scholarly journals Surgical Correction of Patellar Luxation in a Rabbit

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Riggs ◽  
S. J. Langley-Hobbs
Keyword(s):  
Hind Limb ◽  
Degenerative Joint Disease ◽  
Surgical Correction ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Joint Effusion ◽  
Trochlear Groove ◽  
Radiographic Findings ◽  
Stifle Joint ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Right

A two-and-a-half-year-old giant lop-eared rabbit, weighing 5.1 kg, presented with a one-month history of intermittent right hind limb lameness. The limb locked in extension during hopping. On examination, a grade-2 medial patellar luxation of the right hind was diagnosed, with associated stifle joint swelling. Radiographic findings of the right stifle comprised periarticular osteophyte formation consistent with mild degenerative joint disease and joint effusion. Surgical correction involving right trochlear wedge recession sulcoplasty and lateral imbrication was carried out to stabilise the patella in the trochlear groove. The right hind limb lameness resolved, and the patella was stable at a 6-month postoperative examination. One year postoperatively, the right patella was luxating again concurrent with bilateral stifle effusions. Euthanasia was performed twenty months after surgery due to recurrent lameness in the right hind limb.

Minimally displaced tibial tuberosity avulsion fracture in nine skeletally immature large breed dogs

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (06) ◽  
pp. 524-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. E. DeCamp ◽  
M. Ritter ◽  
C. W. Probst ◽  
L. M. Dejardin ◽  
N. Priddy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Tibial Tuberosity ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Skeletally Immature ◽  
Avulsion Fractures ◽  
Telephone Conversation ◽  
Stifle Joint ◽  
Pelvic Limb ◽  
Definition Of

SummaryObjective: The objective of this study was to describe the clinical and radiographic features, as well as the treatment and outcome of minimally displaced tibial-tuberosity-avulsion-fractures (MDTTAF).Materials and methods: Signalment, history, diagnostics, therapy, and outcome were recorded. Follow-up was documented as re-examination, radiographic assessment or telephone conversation.Results: Nine large breed dogs that were presented with lameness originating from the proximal tibia were included. All showed signs of pain when pressure was applied to the tibial tuberosity. There was no stifle instability or intra-articular disease. The main feature on mediolateral radiographs was a widened tibial-tuberosity-physis with reactive new bone and loss of edge definition of the epiphyseal and metaphyseal margins. Non-surgical treatment was chosen in eight dogs, and surgery in one dog. Radiographic follow-up showed progressive closure of the tibial-tuberosity-physis and healing. Clinical signs resolved at a median of 28 days (range: 14–120).Discussion: Minimally displaced tibial-tuberosity-avulsion-fractures should be a differential diagnosis in skeletally immature large breed dogs older than nine months of age with signs of subtle pelvic-limb lameness, and signs of proximal tibial pain, but no evidence of stifle joint disease. Thorough clinical examination and critical review of bilateral radiographs are important to diagnose MDTTAF. The outcome in these cases suggests that the prognosis for MDTTAF is excellent. Age and size of the affected dogs in this study differ from an earlier publication that illustrated more severely displaced tibial tuberosity avulsion fractures, occurring mainly in terriers around five months of age.

Ultrasonographic Characteristics of the Stifle Joint in Clinically Normal Donkeys (Equus asinus)

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Quadriceps Muscle ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Anatomical Landmarks ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Collateral Ligaments ◽  
Clinically Normal ◽  
Stifle Joint ◽  
Equus Asinus ◽  
Ultrasonographic Appearance

Stifle ultrasonography is a widely accepted diagnostic tool that has been used for diagnosing articular and peri-articular stifle injuries in horses. Limited information is available regarding the ultrasonographic appearance of the stifle joint in donkeys. The aim of the present study was to describe the normal ultrasonographic characteristics of the stifle joint in clinically normal donkeys. A descriptive study was done on 15 clinically normal donkeys (30 joints). Ultrasonographic examination was done in a systematic manner including both supra- and infra-patellar regions. The patella, patellar ligaments and tibial tuberosity were taken as palpable anatomical landmarks for localization of different stifle structures. A detailed description of the ultrasonographic appearance of the quadriceps muscle, supra-patellar pouch and femoropatellar joint was done through the supra-patellar approach. In infra-patellar approach, thepatellar ligaments, medial and lateral femorotibial joints, collateral ligaments, menisci, origin of peroneous tertius and popliteal tendon were described. Standardized, repeatable and reliable images were achieved from both approaches. Ultrasonography provided a clinically useful tool for diagnosing donkeys with stifle joint disease.

Will the Cranial Cruciate Ligament-Deficient Caprine Stifle Joint Develop Degenerative Joint Disease?

1994 ◽  
Vol 07 (01) ◽  
pp. 14-17
Author(s):  
L. A. Thomson ◽  
J. E. F. Houlton ◽  
N. Rushton ◽  
M.J. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Degenerative Joint Disease ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Cranial Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Deficiency ◽  
Stifle Joint ◽  
Anterior Cruciate ◽  
Meniscal Damage

SummaryUnilateral cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) resection was performed in six goats. Controls for this procedure included the contralateral (non-operated) joints and six normal joints. All CCL-deficient joints had a positive cranial drawer movement throughout the study, whereas all other joints were stable.None of the joints showed gross evidence of degenerative joint disease at necropsy 52 weeks after the operation. In addition, there were no statistically significant differences between either the frequency or severity of radiographic abnormalities in the two groups of joints.Despite long-term joint instability, degenerative joint disease did not develop in the CCL-deficient caprine stifle joint. When the goat is used as a model for anterior cruciate ligament-deficiency in man, the significance of any results should be assessed in the light of these findings.The long-term effects of experi-mentally induced cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) deficiency were studied in goats. All CCL-deficient joints had a positive cranial drawer movement, both immediately after surgery and at the end of the 52 week study. However, there was no evidence of cartilage or meniscal damage at postmortem examination, and stifle radiographs did not reveal evidence of degenerative joint disease.

Retrograde placement of a novel 3.5 mm titanium interlocking nail for supracondylar and diaphyseal femoral fractures in cats

2007 ◽  
Vol 20 (03) ◽  
pp. 211-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Klein ◽  
J. Pink ◽  
A. Hidalgo ◽  
P. Moissonnier ◽  
P. Fayolle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Femoral Fractures ◽  
Degenerative Joint Disease ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Autogenous Bone ◽  
Intercondylar Notch ◽  
Fracture Characteristics ◽  
Interlocking Nail ◽  
Stifle Joint

SummaryTwenty-four simple or comminuted supracondylar and diaphyseal femoral fractures in cats, which had been treated by retrograde insertion of a new 3.5 mm titanium interlocking nail (IN) from the intercondylar notch, were evaluated between June 2000 and October 2004 at the Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort. Patient data (species, breed, weight, and age), fracture characteristics, details of the surgery, post-operative complications and radiographic follow-up were recorded. The mean body weight was 3.75 kg and the cats ranged in age between four and 66 months (mean 29 months). The IN had a diameter of 3.5 mm and a length of 100, 109 or 119 mm, and were all fixed in a static position (two screws in seven cats, three screws in 10 cats and four screws in seven cats). Cerclage wires were used in seven cats and an autogenous bone graft was used in two cats. Screw or nail breakage were not recorded. Nineteen fractures healed without any complications, three cats died during the post-operative period from unknown causes, and two cats showed delayed bone healing. Twenty cats were considered to have an excellent limb function at one month. One cat with a sciatic injury was non-weight bearing for several months. Radiographic signs of degenerative joint disease of the stifle joint were not observed except in the cat with the sciatic nerve injury. The results of this study suggest that this new 3.5 mm titanium IN can be introduced from the intercondylar notch and be used in static fixation mode to stabilize supracondylar and diaphyseal femoral fractures in cats.

Apportionment of Impairment from Meniscal Tears and Knee Arthritis

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles N. Brooks ◽  
James B. Talmage
Keyword(s):  
Medial Meniscus ◽  
Degenerative Joint Disease ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Meniscal Tears ◽  
Knee Arthritis ◽  
Degenerative Arthritis ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Physical Findings ◽  
Causation Analysis

Abstract Meniscal tears and osteoarthritis (osteoarthrosis, degenerative arthritis, or degenerative joint disease) are two of the most common conditions involving the knee. This article includes definitions of apportionment and causes; presents a case report of initial and recurrent tears of the medial meniscus plus osteoarthritis (OA) in the medial compartment of the knee; and addresses questions regarding apportionment. The authors, experienced impairment raters who are knowledgeable regarding the AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment (AMA Guides), show that, when instructions on impairment rating are incomplete, unclear, or inconsistent, interrater reliability diminishes (different physicians may derive different impairment estimates). Accurate apportionment of impairment is a demanding task that requires detailed knowledge of causation for the conditions in question; the mechanisms of injury or extent of exposures; prior and current symptoms, functional status, physical findings, and clinical study results; and use of the appropriate edition of the AMA Guides. Sometimes the available data are incomplete, requiring the rating physician to make assumptions. However, if those assumptions are reasonable and consistent with the medical literature and facts of the case, if the causation analysis is plausible, and if the examiner follows impairment rating instructions in the AMA Guides (or at least uses a rational and hence defensible method when instructions are suboptimal), the resulting apportionment should be credible.

Bone and joint disease

BDJ ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 144 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-18
Author(s):  
A D Wright
Keyword(s):  
Joint Disease
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