scholarly journals How thick is too thick? When endometrial thickness should prompt biopsy in postmenopausal women without vaginal bleeding

2004 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 558-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Smith-Bindman ◽  
E. Weiss ◽  
V. Feldstein
Keyword(s):  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Vaginal Bleeding ◽  
Endometrial Thickness

Investigating vaginal bleeding in postmenopausal women found to have an endometrial thickness of equal to or greater than 10 mm on ultrasonography

2016 ◽  
Vol 295 (2) ◽  
pp. 445-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilary L. Turnbull ◽  
Nikolaos Akrivos ◽  
Paul Simpson ◽  
Timothy J. Duncan ◽  
Joaquin J. Nieto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Vaginal Bleeding ◽  
Endometrial Thickness

scholarly journals A Risk-Scoring Model for the Prediction of Endometrial Cancer among Symptomatic Postmenopausal Women with Endometrial Thickness > 4 mm

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Giannella ◽  
Kabala Mfuta ◽  
Tiziano Setti ◽  
Lillo Bruno Cerami ◽  
Ezio Bergamini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Vaginal Bleeding ◽  
Risk Model ◽  
Endometrial Thickness ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Decision Algorithm ◽  
Scoring Model ◽  
Risk Scoring

Objective. To develop and test a risk-scoring model for the prediction of endometrial cancer among symptomatic postmenopausal women at risk of intrauterine malignancy.Methods. We prospectively studied 624 postmenopausal women with vaginal bleeding and endometrial thickness > 4 mm undergoing diagnostic hysteroscopy. Patient characteristics and endometrial assessment of women with or without endometrial cancer were compared. Then, a risk-scoring model, including the best predictors of endometrial cancer, was tested. Univariate, multivariate, and ROC curve analysis were performed. Finally, a split-sampling internal validation was also performed.Results. The best predictors of endometrial cancer were recurrent vaginal bleeding (odds ratio(OR)=2.96), the presence of hypertension(OR=2.01)endometrial thickness > 8 mm(OR=1.31), and age > 65 years(OR=1.11). These variables were used to create a risk-scoring model (RHEA risk-model) for the prediction of intrauterine malignancy, with an area under the curve of 0.878 (95% CI 0.842 to 0.908;P<0.0001). At the best cut-off value (score ≥ 4), sensitivity and specificity were 87.5% and 80.1%, respectively.Conclusion. Among symptomatic postmenopausal women with endometrial thickness > 4 mm, a risk-scoring model including patient characteristics and endometrial thickness showed a moderate diagnostic accuracy in discriminating women with or without endometrial cancer. Based on this model, a decision algorithm was developed for the management of such a population.

Endometrial ablation for recurrent vaginal bleeding in the postmenopausal women

2001 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. S6
Author(s):  
O Brandes-Klein ◽  
A Lissak ◽  
O Lavie ◽  
M Dirnfeld ◽  
A Sharon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Vaginal Bleeding ◽  
Endometrial Ablation

scholarly journals Evaluation of endometrial thickness in postmenopausal women by using 3.0-T MRI

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Junko Nakamura ◽  
Takeharu Yoshikawa ◽  
Eriko Maeda ◽  
Hiroyuki Akai ◽  
Hiroshi Ohtsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Endometrial Thickness ◽  
Mr Images ◽  
Endometrial Thickening ◽  
3.0 T ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
3.0 T Mri

Background: The accepted threshold for normal endometrial thickness is 5 mm; lesions with endometrial thickness < 5 mm are considered benign, whilst those > 5 mm areconsidered malignant. However, endometrium ≥ 5 mm on transvaginal ultrasonography inpostmenopausal woman is considered as asymptomatic endometrial thickening. However, recent studies suggest that asymptomatic endometrial thickness of even 8 mm – 11 mm in postmenopausal women may be normal.Objectives: The present study investigated the normal endometrial thickness range in 297 asymptomatic postmenopausal women using 3.0-T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) T2-weighted sagittal images measured retrospectively by a single radiologist.Method: The data were classified according to patient age and postmenopausal duration, and the medical records and follow-up MR images were reviewed to assess the clinical outcome.Results: The mean endometrial thickness was 2.4 ± 0.1 mm (range: 0.1–11.6). The endometriumin 21 of 297 subjects was ≥ 5 mm thick. Follow-up MR images were obtained in 17 of these 21 women, and their endometrial thickness was found to have decreased in all of them. To date,none of the subjects has been diagnosed with endometrial cancer.Conclusion: Although 5 mm is considered the conservative threshold of normal endometrial thickness on MRI of postmenopausal women, this figure should not, to avoid excessive false-positive diagnoses, be assumed as an indication of malignancy.

scholarly journals Breast Safety and Efficacy of Genistein Aglycone for Postmenopausal Bone Loss: A Follow-Up Study

2008 ◽  
Vol 93 (12) ◽  
pp. 4787-4796 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert Marini ◽  
Alessandra Bitto ◽  
Domenica Altavilla ◽  
Bruce P. Burnett ◽  
Francesca Polito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Sister Chromatid ◽  
Safety Profile ◽  
Sister Chromatid Exchange ◽  
Endometrial Thickness ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Brca1 And Brca2

Context: Genistein aglycone improves bone metabolism in women. However, questions about the long-term safety of genistein on breast as well as its continued efficacy still remain. Objective: We assessed the continued safety profile of genistein aglycone on breast and endometrium and its effects on bone after 3 yr of therapy. Design: The parent study was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial involving 389 osteopenic, postmenopausal women for 24-months. Subsequently, a subcohort (138 patients) continued therapy for an additional year. Patients and Interventions: Participants received 54 mg of genistein aglycone daily (n = 71) or placebo (n = 67). Both treatment arms received calcium and vitamin D3 in therapeutic doses. Main Outcomes: Mammographic density was assessed at baseline, 24 and 36 months by visual classification scale and digitized quantification. BRCA1 and BRCA2, sister chromatid exchange, and endometrial thickness were also evaluated. Lumbar spine and femoral neck bone mineral density were also assessed. Secondary outcomes were biochemical levels of bone markers. Results: After 36 months, genistein did not significantly change mammographic breast density or endometrial thickness, BRCA1 and BRCA2 expression was preserved, whereas sister chromatid exchange was reduced compared with placebo. Bone mineral density increases were greater with genistein for both femoral neck and lumbar spine compared to placebo. Genistein also significantly reduced pyridinoline, as well as serum carboxy-terminal cross-linking telopeptide and soluble receptor activator of NF-κB ligand while increasing bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, IGF-I, and osteoprotegerin levels. There were no differences in discomfort or adverse events between groups. Conclusions: After 3 yr of treatment, genistein exhibited a promising safety profile with positive effects on bone formation in a cohort of osteopenic, postmenopausal women.

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