scholarly journals OC24.05: How age influences ovarian vascular three dimensional ultrasound parameters in a large population of Italian fertile women

2015 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 52-53
Author(s):  
R. Venturella ◽  
S. Gizzo ◽  
M. Noventa ◽  
A. Vitagliano ◽  
M. Quaranta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Population ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Ultrasound Parameters ◽  
Fertile Women

scholarly journals Collagen gel three-dimensional matrices combined with adhesive proteins stimulate neuronal differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (60) ◽  
pp. 998-1010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae Ho Lee ◽  
Hye-Sun Yu ◽  
Gil-Su Lee ◽  
Aeri Ji ◽  
Jung Keun Hyun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Neuronal Differentiation ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Collagen Gel ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Neuronal Outgrowth ◽  
Adhesive Proteins

Three-dimensional gel matrices provide specialized microenvironments that mimic native tissues and enable stem cells to grow and differentiate into specific cell types. Here, we show that collagen three-dimensional gel matrices prepared in combination with adhesive proteins, such as fibronectin (FN) and laminin (LN), provide significant cues to the differentiation into neuronal lineage of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from rat bone marrow. When cultured within either a three-dimensional collagen gel alone or one containing either FN or LN, and free of nerve growth factor (NGF), the MSCs showed the development of numerous neurite outgrowths. These were, however, not readily observed in two-dimensional culture without the use of NGF. Immunofluorescence staining, western blot and fluorescence-activated cell sorting analyses demonstrated that a large population of cells was positive for NeuN and glial fibrillary acidic protein, which are specific to neuronal cells, when cultured in the three-dimensional collagen gel. The dependence of the neuronal differentiation of MSCs on the adhesive proteins containing three-dimensional gel matrices is considered to be closely related to focal adhesion kinase (FAK) activation through integrin receptor binding, as revealed by an experiment showing no neuronal outgrowth in the FAK-knockdown cells and stimulation of integrin β1 gene. The results provided herein suggest the potential role of three-dimensional collagen-based gel matrices combined with adhesive proteins in the neuronal differentiation of MSCs, even without the use of chemical differentiation factors. Furthermore, these findings suggest that three-dimensional gel matrices might be useful as nerve-regenerative scaffolds.

scholarly journals OP04.06: Three-dimensional ultrasound parameters in the first trimester

2007 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 468-468
Author(s):  
M. Odeh ◽  
Y. Hirsh ◽  
V. Grinin ◽  
E. Ofir ◽  
J. Bornstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Ultrasound Parameters

scholarly journals A three-dimensional hybrid electrode with electroactive microbes for efficient electrogenesis and chemical synthesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (9) ◽  
pp. 5074-5080 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Fang ◽  
Shafeer Kalathil ◽  
Giorgio Divitini ◽  
Qian Wang ◽  
Erwin Reisner
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Synthesis ◽  
Indium Tin Oxide ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Live Cells ◽  
Bacterial Respiration ◽  
Bacterial Colony ◽  
Indium Tin Oxide Electrode ◽  
External Power Source ◽  
External Power

Integration of electroactive bacteria into electrodes combines strengths of intracellular biochemistry with electrochemistry for energy conversion and chemical synthesis. However, such biohybrid systems are often plagued with suboptimal electrodes, which limits the incorporation and productivity of the bacterial colony. Here, we show that an inverse opal-indium tin oxide electrode hosts a large population of current-producingGeobacterand attains a current density of 3 mA cm−2stemming from bacterial respiration. Differential gene expression analysis revealedGeobacter’s transcriptional regulations to express more electron-relaying proteins when interfaced with electrodes. The electrode also allows coculturing withShewanellafor syntrophic electrogenesis, which grants the system additional flexibility in converting electron donors. The biohybrid electrode containingGeobactercan also catalyze the reduction of soluble fumarate and heterogenous graphene oxide, with electrons from an external power source or an irradiated photoanode. This biohybrid electrode represents a platform to employ live cells for sustainable power generation and biosynthesis.

scholarly journals Physics-based machine learning for subcellular segmentation in living cells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arif Ahmed Sekh ◽  
Ida S. Opstad ◽  
Gustav Godtliebsen ◽  
Åsa Birna Birgisdottir ◽  
Balpreet Singh Ahluwalia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Independent Living ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Computational Modelling ◽  
Optical Resolution ◽  
Ground Truth ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
Unsupervised Segmentation ◽  
Pixel Resolution

AbstractSegmenting subcellular structures in living cells from fluorescence microscope images is a ground truth (GT)-deficient problem. The microscopes’ three-dimensional blurring function, finite optical resolution due to light diffraction, finite pixel resolution and the complex morphological manifestations of the structures all contribute to GT-hardness. Unsupervised segmentation approaches are quite inaccurate. Therefore, manual segmentation relying on heuristics and experience remains the preferred approach. However, this process is tedious, given the countless structures present inside a single cell, and generating analytics across a large population of cells or performing advanced artificial intelligence tasks such as tracking are greatly limited. Here we bring modelling and deep learning to a nexus for solving this GT-hard problem, improving both the accuracy and speed of subcellular segmentation. We introduce a simulation-supervision approach empowered by physics-based GT, which presents two advantages. First, the physics-based GT resolves the GT-hardness. Second, computational modelling of all the relevant physical aspects assists the deep learning models in learning to compensate, to a great extent, for the limitations of physics and the instrument. We show extensive results on the segmentation of small vesicles and mitochondria in diverse and independent living- and fixed-cell datasets. We demonstrate the adaptability of the approach across diverse microscopes through transfer learning, and illustrate biologically relevant applications of automated analytics and motion analysis.

Heart Muscle Cells Enzymatically Isolated from Ventricular Wall: Case Studies of Myofilament Overlap Configurations

1980 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 574-575
Author(s):  
T.F. Robinson ◽  
R.S. Aronson ◽  
L. Cohen-Gould ◽  
A.L. Sorenson ◽  
B.A. Wittenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Ventricular Myocytes ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Ventricular Volume ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Papillary Muscles ◽  
Thin Filaments ◽  
Heart Muscle Cells

During the cardiac cycle more than 70% of the end-diastolic ventricular volume of blood can be ejected with each stroke as the heart contracts. As the contraction and subsequent recoil occurs, the muscular walls undergo a distinct change in shape characterized by changes in wall thickness and volume-filling by shortened, thickened papillary muscles and infoldings of the walls. These striking three-dimensional phenomena are produced by the geometrical interplay of a large population of variously oriented muscle cells and ultimately by the myofilament lattices that produce the forces and change their lengths 10-15%. In order to determine the central role of the myofilaments in the contractile process of the heart it is important to ascertain the ratios and relative dispositions of thin filaments to thick filaments and to contralateral thin filaments at known sarcomere lengths of cells from the ventricle itself rather than from linear model systems such as papillary muscles and trabeculae. We have made case studies of enzymaticalIy isolated ventricular myocytes fixed at rest or in mid-contraction. Although these cells are small, approximately 20 x 100 μm, and require exacting techniques for manipulation, after their isolation sarcomere lengths can be carefully measured, both in the living state and in subsequent stages of preparation (Fig. 1).

scholarly journals Association Between Three-Dimensional Transrectal Ultrasound Findings and Tumor Response to Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer: An Observational Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xun Zhang ◽  
Jin Fan ◽  
Lijie Zhang ◽  
Jingwen Wang ◽  
Minghe Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rectal Cancer ◽  
Logistic Model ◽  
Tumor Response ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy ◽  
Transrectal Ultrasound ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Complete Response ◽  
Mesorectal Excision ◽  
Ultrasound Parameters

BackgroundThere is a significant demand for the development of non-surgical methods for the evaluation of complete response to tumor therapy. Predicting ability and image quality of routine imaging has not been satisfactory. To avoid the deficiencies, we assessed the capability of three-dimensional transrectal ultrasound in predicting the response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in rectal cancer patients.MethodsThe inclusion criteria were patients with locally advanced rectal adenocarcinoma, receiving capecitabine-based neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, distance from anal verge (≤6 cm), clinical stage T3-4 and/or N+ without evidence of distant metastasis, and restaging ycT0-3a (T3a <5 mm) after the end of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Three-dimensional transrectal ultrasound was performed 7 weeks after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy to discern the patients with complete response from the others. Eight main parameters were obtained from three-dimensional transrectal ultrasound: thickness of muscularis on the residual side, thickness of contralateral muscularis, angle of residual arc, regularity of the shape, integrity of the mucosal layer, blurring of the margin, internal echo, and posterior echo. The association between tumor response and three-dimensional transrectal ultrasound parameters was analyzed, and a model was developed by logistic regression.ResultsBetween 2014 and 2019, 101 patients were recruited; 72 cases received total mesorectal excision, and 29 cases underwent watch-and-wait. Among the three-dimensional transrectal ultrasound parameters, the adjusted-thickness of the muscularis (P<0.01), angle of the residual arc (P<0.01), and regularity of the residual shape (P<0.01) were strongly associated with tumor response. In the dataset with total mesorectal excision cases (TME dataset), the residual adjusted-thickness (odds ratio [OR]=4.88, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.44–16.6, P=0.01) and regularity of the residual shape (OR=5.00, 95% CI=1.13–22.2, P=0.03) were kept in the final logistic model. The area under the curve of the logistic model was 0.84. Among these parameters, residual adjusted-thickness correlated significantly with tumor response. Additionally, we observed similar results in the whole population of 101 cases (whole dataset) and in the cross-validation.ConclusionThree-dimensional transrectal ultrasound model is a valuable method for predicting tumor response in rectal cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, which should be included as a factor for evaluating clinical complete response.Trial RegistrationThis trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02605265. Registered 9 November 2015 - Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/record/NCT02605265

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