scholarly journals Abnormal ductus venosus pulsatility index in the absence of concurrent umbilical vein pulsations does not indicate worsening fetal condition

2013 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 322-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Dahlbäck ◽  
M. Pihlsgård ◽  
S. Gudmundsson
Keyword(s):  
Pulsatility Index ◽  
Umbilical Vein ◽  
Ductus Venosus

scholarly journals Fetal Ductus Venosus Pulsatility Index and Diameter during Second and Third Trimester of Gestation

2017 ◽  
Vol 56 (205) ◽  
pp. 124-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pratit Pokharel ◽  
Mukhtar Alam Ansari
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Pulsatility Index ◽  
Fetal Liver ◽  
Umbilical Vein ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Ductus Venosus ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: The ductus venosus is a small funnel shaped vessel found posterior to the fetal liver connecting the intra-abdominal umbilical vein and the inferior vena cava. It is one of the three physiological shunts in the fetus. The main objective of this study is to construct the reference table and normogram for fetal ductus venosus Pulsatility Index and diameter with gestational age. Methods: This was a prospective cross sectional study conducted during August 2011 to July 2012 taking 294 uncomplicated pregnancies using systemic random sampling method. Three measurements were made for ductus venosus diameter and Pulsatility Index in each fetus during period of fetal quiescence. Results: The ductus venosus diameter at <20weeks, 20-25 weeks, 25-30 weeks, >30 weeks were 1.16, 1.31, 1.62, 1.81 and Pulsatility Index at <20weeks, 20-25 weeks, 25-30 weeks, >30 weeks were 0.41, 0.44, 0.41 and 0.41 respectively. Conclusions: The mean diameter of the ductus venosus was linear across gestational age. The Pulsatility Index shows a scattered distribution across the gestational age. Keywords: ductus venosus diameter; gestational age; Pulsatility Index.

scholarly journals Absent Ductus Venosus Associated with Partial Liver Defect

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Kenji Horie ◽  
Hironori Takahashi ◽  
Daisuke Matsubara ◽  
Koichi Kataoka ◽  
Rieko Furukawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Normal Development ◽  
Ultrasound Examination ◽  
Umbilical Vein ◽  
Vascular Anomaly ◽  
Male Infant ◽  
Ductus Venosus ◽  
Morphological Abnormality ◽  
Morgagni Hernia ◽  
The Right ◽  
Absent Ductus Venosus

Absent ductus venosus (ADV) is a rare vascular anomaly. We describe a fetus/neonate with ADV with a partial liver defect. A 41-year-old woman was referred to our institute because of fetal cardiomegaly detected by routine prenatal ultrasound, which revealed absence of ductus venosus with an umbilical vein directly draining into the right atrium, consistent with extrahepatic drainage type of ADV. She vaginally gave birth to a 3,096-gram male infant at 38 weeks of gestation. Detailed ultrasound examination revealed a defect of the hepatic rectangular leaf at half a month postnatally. He showed normal development at 1.5 years of age with the liver abnormality and a Morgagni hernia. Liver morphological abnormality should also be considered as a complication of ADV.

Effect of NO, phenylephrine, and hypoxemia on ductus venosus diameter in fetal sheep

2000 ◽  
Vol 279 (3) ◽  
pp. H1166-H1171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torvid Kiserud ◽  
Takashi Ozaki ◽  
Hidenori Nishina ◽  
Charles Rodeck ◽  
Mark A. Hanson
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Umbilical Vein ◽  
Ductus Venosus ◽  
Adrenergic Agonist ◽  
Fetal Sheep ◽  
Vasoactive Substances ◽  
Ultrasound Measurements

To study the regulation of the ductus venosus (DV) inlet in vivo, we measured the effect of vasoactive substances and hypoxemia on its diameter in nine fetal sheep in utero at 0.9 gestation under ketamine-diazepam anesthesia. Catheters were inserted into an umbilical vein and a fetal common carotid artery, and a flowmeter was placed around the umbilical veins. Ultrasound measurements of the diameter of the fetal DV during normoxic baseline conditions [fetal arterial Po2(Pao2) 24 mmHg] were compared with measurements during infusion of sodium nitroprusside (SNP; 1.3, 2.6, and 6.5 μg · kg−1· min−1) or the α1-adrenergic agonist phenylephrine (6.5 μg · kg−1· min−1) into the umbilical vein or during hypoxemia (fetal PaO2reduced to 10 mmHg). SNP increased the DV inlet diameter by 23%, but phenylephrine had no effect. Hypoxemia caused a 61% increase of the inlet diameter and a distension of the entire vessel. We conclude that the DV inlet is tonically constricted, because nitric oxide dilates it but an α1-adrenergic agonist does not potentiate constriction. Hypoxemia causes a marked distension of the entire DV.

Umbilical venous pressure and other cardiovascular responses of fetal lambs to epinephrine

1962 ◽  
Vol 203 (5) ◽  
pp. 955-960 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. R. M. Reynolds ◽  
John D. Mackie
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Umbilical Vein ◽  
Venous Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Responses ◽  
Ductus Venosus ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Femoral Route ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Pregnant Ewe

Large fetuses in utero are more sensitive to infused epinephrine than smaller ones. The quality of response is the same. Increased arterial blood pressure and heart rate are associated with an increase in umbilical vein pressure. The large fetus is as sensitive as the pregnant ewe and the latter is more sensitive than the nonpregnant ewe. Single injections of epinephrine into umbilical or femoral veins have similar effects, except for the difference that the latent period is about twice as long when epinephrine is given by the femoral route as by the umbilical route. The sphincter of the ductus venosus is believed to constrict in response to epinephrine. It is shown to be adrenergically controlled. The import of the sphincter for maintenance of umbilical vein pressure is considered.

scholarly journals Congenital extracardiac venous system anomaly in two siblings with normal karyotype and increased nuchal translucency thickness: a case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuko Takahashi ◽  
Takeshi Nagamatsu ◽  
Tatsuya Fujii ◽  
Ayako Hashimoto ◽  
Seisuke Sayama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Umbilical Vein ◽  
Normal Karyotype ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Nuchal Translucency ◽  
Venous System ◽  
Ductus Venosus ◽  
Hereditary Factors ◽  
Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return ◽  
Increased Nuchal Translucency

Abstract Previous studies have reported that congenital heart diseases (CHDs) develop in patients with genetic and environmental predisposition. Compared to CHDs, the significance of hereditary factors in the pathogenesis of congenital venous system anomalies remains unclear. Additionally, reports describing the pathogenic relationship between venous system anomalies and increased nuchal translucency (NT) are few. We report sibling recurrence of congenital venous system anomalies. In the prenatal periods of both siblings, increased NT without aneuploidy was confirmed. In the first sibling, the absence of ductus venosus (ADV) and umbilical vein-coronary sinus anastomosis was detected using prenatal ultrasonography. In the second sibling, abnormality of the pulmonary vein was suspected prenatally, leading to a final diagnosis of infracardiac total anomalous pulmonary venous return (TAPVR). This is the first report of extracardiac venous anomaly-associated recurrence of increased NT among siblings. We conclude that a hereditary factor may be responsible for the development of ADV and TAPVR.

scholarly journals Prenatal and Postnatal Sonographic Confirmation of Congenital Absence of the Ductus Venosus in a Child with Noonan Syndrome

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher L. Newman ◽  
Matthew R. Wanner ◽  
Brandon P. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Noonan Syndrome ◽  
Umbilical Vein ◽  
Venous Drainage ◽  
Iliac Vein ◽  
Ductus Venosus ◽  
Vascular Connection ◽  
Umbilical Catheter ◽  
Prenatal Imaging ◽  
Parallel Configuration ◽  
Absent Ductus Venosus

The ductus venosus serves as an important vascular pathway for intrauterine circulation. This case presents a description of an absent ductus venosus in a female patient with Noonan syndrome, including both prenatal and postnatal imaging of the anomaly. In the setting of the anomalous vascular connection, the umbilical vein courses inferiorly to the iliac vein in parallel configuration with the umbilical artery. This finding was suspected based on prenatal imaging and the case was brought to attention when placement of an umbilical catheter was thought to be malpositioned given its appearance on radiography. Ultrasound imaging confirmed the anomalous course. This is in keeping with prior descriptions in the literature of an association between Noonan syndrome and aberrant umbilical venous drainage. This case illustrates the need for awareness of this condition by the radiologist, allowing for identification on radiographs and the recommendation for further confirmatory imaging. Further, the case illustrates the value of paying particular attention to the fetal course of the umbilical vessels in patients with suspected Noonan syndrome, as this population is particularly at risk for anomalous vasculature.

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