AnIn Vitroalveolar macrophage assay for the assessment of inflammatory cytokine expression induced by atmospheric particulate matter

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
pp. 836-851 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zana Sijan ◽  
Dagmara S. Antkiewicz ◽  
Jongbae Heo ◽  
Norman Y. Kado ◽  
James J. Schauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokine ◽  
Cytokine Expression ◽  
Atmospheric Particulate Matter ◽  
Atmospheric Particulate

Effect of relocating to areas of reduced atmospheric particulate matter levels on the human circulating leukocyte count

2004 ◽  
Vol 97 (5) ◽  
pp. 1774-1780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitsuaki Sakai ◽  
Yukio Sato ◽  
Shoko Sato ◽  
Satoshi Ihara ◽  
Masataka Onizuka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokine ◽  
Atmospheric Particulate Matter ◽  
Number Density ◽  
Atmospheric Particulate ◽  
Industrial Countries ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
Leukocyte Counts

A high level of atmospheric particulate matter induces an increase in circulating polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) counts and an increase in serum inflammatory cytokine levels. The particulate level in Antarctica is extremely low compared with that in industrial countries. We hypothesized that this low level would reduce circulating leukocyte counts and serum inflammatory cytokine levels in people visiting Antarctica from industrial countries. The number density of particulates with aerodynamic diameters of <10.0 μm was measured in Japan and in Antarctica during the 41st Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition. Circulating leukocyte counts, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-6 levels, and pulmonary function were determined at regular intervals in 39 expedition members. The particulate number density was <1% of that measured in Japan. Total leukocytes, segmented and band-formed PMN, monocyte counts, and serum interleukin-6 levels decreased in Antarctica compared with the initial values measured in Japan. Pulmonary function parameters did not change except for maximal voluntary ventilation. Particulate matter levels had more significant effects on segmented PMN, band-formed PMN, and monocyte counts than cigarette smoking and the type of work. Exposure to reduced atmospheric particulates is considered to be a major factor for decreasing circulating leukocyte counts and serum cytokine levels.

scholarly journals Effects of urban atmospheric particulate matter on higher plants using Lycopersicon esculentum as model species

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katalin Hubai ◽  
Nora Kováts ◽  
Gábor Teke
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Atmospheric Particulate Matter ◽  
Dose Effect ◽  
Atmospheric Particulate ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Treatment Experiment

AbstractAtmospheric particulate matter (PM) is one of the major environmental concerns in Europe. A wide range of studies has proved the ecotoxic potential of atmospheric particles. PM exerts chemical stress on vegetation by its potentially toxic constituents; however, relatively few studies are available on assessing phytotoxic effects under laboratory conditions. In our study, aqueous extract of particulate matter was prepared and used for treatment. Experiment was following the procedure defined by the No. 227 OECD Guideline for the Testing of Chemicals: Terrestrial Plant Test. Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) plants were used; elucidated toxicity was assessed based on morphological and biochemical endpoints such as biomass, chlorophyll-a and chlorophyll-b, carotenoids, and protein content. Biomass reduction and protein content showed a clear dose–effect relationship; the biomass decreased in comparison with the control (100%) in all test groups (TG) at a steady rate (TG1: 87.73%; TG2: 71.77%; TG3: 67.01%; TG4: 63.63%). The tendency in protein concentrations compared to the control was TG1: 113.61%; TG2: 148.21% TG3: 160.52%; TG4: 157.31%. However, pigments showed a ‘Janus-faced’ effect: nutrient content of the sample caused slight increase at lower doses; actual toxicity became apparent only at higher doses (chlorophyll-a concentration decrease was 84.47% in TG4, chlorophyll-b was 77.17%, and finally, carotene showed 83.60% decrease in TG4).

Metal(loid) bioaccessibility of atmospheric particulate matter from mine tailings at Zimapan, Mexico

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús Eulises Corona Sánchez ◽  
Ma del Carmen Angeles González Chávez ◽  
Rogelio Carrillo González ◽  
Kirk Scheckel ◽  
Daniel Tapia Maruri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Mine Tailings ◽  
Atmospheric Particulate Matter ◽  
Atmospheric Particulate
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