Oral toxicity of the cyanobacterial toxin cylindrospermopsin in male Swiss albino mice: Determination of no observed adverse effect level for deriving a drinking water guideline value

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Humpage ◽  
I. R. Falconer
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Swiss Albino Mice ◽  
Cyanobacterial Toxin ◽  
Guideline Value ◽  
Adverse Effect Level ◽  
Effect Level ◽  
Drinking Water Guideline

scholarly journals Acute Oral Toxicity of Tetrodotoxin in Mice: Determination of Lethal Dose 50 (LD50) and No Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL)

Toxins ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Abal ◽  
M. Louzao ◽  
Alvaro Antelo ◽  
Mercedes Alvarez ◽  
Eva Cagide ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Acute Oral Toxicity ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Adverse Effect Level ◽  
Effect Level

Reevaluation of the acute toxicity of palytoxin in mice: Determination of lethal dose 50 (LD50) and No-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL)

Toxicon ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 177 ◽  
pp. 16-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Boente-Juncal ◽  
Carmen Vale ◽  
Mercedes Camiña ◽  
J. Manuel Cifuentes ◽  
Mercedes R. Vieytes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Adverse Effect Level ◽  
Effect Level

scholarly journals Assessment of Uranium concentration in groundwater and its1human health impactin a part of Northern Tamil Nadu, India

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sundaram Parimalarenganayaki ◽  
Alagarsamy Rahul ◽  
Mahamad Hussen Thabrez ◽  
Rajendran Anbuchezhian ◽  
Subramanian Manoj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Uranium Concentration ◽  
Major Ions ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Geochemical Parameters ◽  
Adverse Effect Level ◽  
Effect Level

Abstract. Ground water is the major source of drinking water in India. Over exploitation of this water resource has exacerbated the situation of providing good quality water, due to the presence of major ions, minor ions, trace elements and radioactive elements. A study has carried out in Vellore, a city in the Northern part of the Tamilnadu, to understand the levels of Uranium concentrations and other geochemical parameters in drinking water. Samples were collected and the analysed for various water quality parameters in the laboratory and as well as insitu. Uranium concentration was estimated using the Quantalase Laser Fluorimeter and nearly 10 % of the samples show that the concentration of Uranium is exceeding the permissible limit .The low observed adverse effect level and No observed adverse effect level values were also assessed for to understand the risk due to the presence of the uranium in drinking water and it was observed that there is a slight risk on the public health due to the consumption of ground water in this region.

scholarly journals UJI TOKSISITAS ORAL REPEATED DOSE FILTRAT BUAH LUWINGAN (Ficus hispida L.f.) MENGGUNAKAN MODEL TIKUS (Rattus norvegicus Berkenhout, 1769) GALUR WISTAR

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3A) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laksmindra Fitria ◽  
Rosita Dwi Putri Suranto ◽  
Indira Diah Utami ◽  
Septy Azizah Puspitasari
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Toxicity Test ◽  
Sublethal Effects ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Repeated Dose ◽  
Toxicity Tests ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Food Ingredient ◽  
Adverse Effect Level ◽  
Effect Level

Hairy fig is a tropical medium-sized tree that produces abundant fruits throughout the year. In some Asian countries, the fruits are consumed as traditional medicine and food ingredient. Meanwhile in Indonesia there has not been much use. A series of oral toxicity tests must be conducted to study the possibility of toxic effects and the safety before further exploration. Oral single dose toxicity study of young and ripe hairy fig fruit filtrate has been carried out. Results demonstrated no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) at a concentration of 100%. This study was aimed to continue the oral toxicity test with repeated dose following standard toxicity procedure by OECD Test Guideline No. 407 with some modifications. Parameters observed were mortality, sublethal effects consisted of physical conditions and behavior, body weight, core temperature, complete blood count, as well as liver, heart, and renal functions by measuring ALT, AST, and creatinine, respectively. Sampling points on day 0, 7, 14, 21, and 28. Results showed no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) in both young and ripe fruits filtrate at a concentration of 100% however with a tendency to cause anemia and associate with renal dysfunction. Therefore, it is necessary to perform similar method of toxicity test but with lower concentration, also continue with further toxicity tests (subchronic and chronic periods).  

Determination of an Acute No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level (NOAEL) for Copper in Water

2001 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Araya ◽  
Marie Clare McGoldrick ◽  
Leslie M. Klevay ◽  
J.J. Strain ◽  
Paula Robson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Adverse Effect Level ◽  
Effect Level

scholarly journals In Vivo Toxicity and the Antioxidant Activity of the Hot Water Extract of Glechoma Hederacea

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun-Chin Chung ◽  
Jiunn-Wang Liao ◽  
Kuo-Yuan Li ◽  
Jyun-Kai Jhan ◽  
Su-Tze Chou
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Subacute Toxicity ◽  
Hot Water Extract ◽  
Adverse Effect Level ◽  
Effect Level ◽  
Glechoma Hederacea

Abstract Background Glechoma hederacea belongs to the Labiatae family and has many biological effects. Our previously in vitro studies, hot water extract of G. hederacea (HWG) possessed antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Also, the Ames test indicated that HWG had no mutagenicity. However, the in vivo toxicity and antioxidant capacity have not been clearly demonstrated. Thus, this study was aimed to evaluate the antioxidant properties and the safety level of HWG by using animal models. Methods The genotoxicity were performed by micronucleus assays in mice. Acute oral toxicity and 28-day repeated feeding toxicity tests were performed via the oral gavage method for Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Furthermore, the effect of HWG on the oxidation–antioxidation equilibrium of male rats was also evaluated. Results HWG did not induce an increase in micronucleus ratios in vivo, no acute lethal effect at a maximum tested dose of 5.0 g HWG /kg bw was observed in rats. The 28-day oral toxicity study revealed the no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) of HWG in rats was 1.0 g/kg bw. The HWG-treatment significantly elevated the vitamin C level and the SOD activity in heart, and increased the vitamin E concentrations in brain. The HWG-treatment maintained the balance of the glutathione level and the activities of catalase and glutathione peroxidase. Besides, the level of lipid peroxidation and plasma of total antioxidant status (TAS) showed that HWG-treated rats were not significantly changed compared with the control group. Conclusions HWG had no genotoxicity, and did not induce acute or subacute toxicity in SD rat. The level of no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) of HWG rats was 1.0 g/kg bw for subacute toxicity study. HWG possessed antioxidant potential and reduced oxidative stress by improving the antioxidant system in animal.

scholarly journals Determination of No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level Ammonia in White Mice Through CD4 Expression

Dose-Response ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 155932581880779 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Rohim Tualeka ◽  
Jihan Faradisha ◽  
Rizky Maharja
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Adverse Effect Level ◽  
Safe Limit ◽  
Effect Level ◽  
Acute And Chronic Effects

Background: Ammonia is one of the chemical compounds that can cause acute and chronic effects to the workers. The purpose of this study is to determine the no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) ammonia in white mice. Methods: This study applied a laboratory experimental with design post test-only control group design using white mice as an object. The process of finding the safe limit began by determining the highest dose and the lowest dose of ammonia without effect in white mice. Results: The latest research showed that the highest dose without effect is 0.0456 mg/kg and the lowest dose without effect is 0.0046 mg/kg. After determining the highest and the lowest dose of ammonia, the researcher started to determine the middle dose. The middle dose is the dose between the highest and the lowest doses with the multiplication of 1.5 starting from the lowest dose (there are 5 middle-dose variations from 5 middle concentration variations), consisting of 0.0872, 0.1309, 0.1963, 0.2944, and 0.4416 mg/m3. Conclusion: From the result of the middle dose and the lowest dose without effect, it is found the value of the highest NH3 dose without effect, which showed the highest Index Remmele Scale (IRS) CD4 before the reduction of IRS. The study concludes that the NOAEL of ammonia contained in white mice is 0.0103 mg/kg body weight of the mice.

scholarly journals Effect of chronic T-2 toxin exposure in rabbit bucks, determination of the No Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL)

2013 ◽  
Vol 137 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 245-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melinda Kovács ◽  
Gábor Tornyos ◽  
Zsolt Matics ◽  
Miklós Mézes ◽  
Krisztián Balogh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Toxin Exposure ◽  
Adverse Effect Level ◽  
Effect Level
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