State of the art and future perspectives of articular cartilage regeneration: a focus on adipose-derived stem cells and platelet-derived products

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. e36-e51 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Hildner ◽  
C. Albrecht ◽  
C. Gabriel ◽  
H. Redl ◽  
M. van Griensven
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Cartilage Regeneration ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Articular Cartilage Regeneration

scholarly journals Simvastatin Enhances the Chondrogenesis but Not the Osteogenesis of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells in a Hyaluronan Microenvironment

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 559
Author(s):  
Shun-Cheng Wu ◽  
Chih-Hsiang Chang ◽  
Ling-Hua Chang ◽  
Che-Wei Wu ◽  
Jhen-Wei Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Collagen Type ◽  
Cartilage Regeneration ◽  
Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Collagen Type Ii ◽  
Articular Cartilage Regeneration

Directing adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) toward chondrogenesis is critical for ADSC-based articular cartilage regeneration. Simvastatin (SIM) was reported to promote both chondrogenic and osteogenic differentiation of ADSCs by upregulating bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2). We previously found that ADSC chondrogenesis is initiated and promoted in a hyaluronan (HA) microenvironment (HAM). Here, we further hypothesized that SIM augments HAM-induced chondrogenesis but not osteogenesis of ADSCs. ADSCs were treated with SIM in a HAM (SIM plus HAM) by HA-coated wells or HA-enriched fibrin (HA/Fibrin) hydrogel, and chondrogenic differentiation of ADSCs was evaluated. SIM plus HAM increased chondrogenesis more than HAM or SIM alone, including cell aggregation, chondrogenic gene expression (collagen type II and aggrecan) and cartilaginous tissue formation (collagen type II and sulfated glycosaminoglycan). In contrast, SIM-induced osteogenesis in ADSCs was reduced in SIM plus HAM, including mRNA expression of osteogenic genes, osteocalcin and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), ALP activity and mineralization. SIM plus HAM also showed the most effective increases in the mRNA expression of BMP-2 and transcription factors of SOX-9 and RUNX-2 in ADSCs, while these effects were reversed by CD44 blockade. HAM suppressed the levels of JNK, p-JNK, P38 and p-P38 in ADSCs, and SIM plus HAM also decreased SIM-induced phosphorylated JNK and p38 levels. In addition, SIM enhanced articular cartilage regeneration, as demonstrated by implantation of an ADSCs/HA/Fibrin construct in an ex vivo porcine articular chondral defect model. The results from this study indicate that SIM may be an enhancer of HAM-initiated MSC-based chondrogenesis and avoid osteogenesis.

Articular cartilage regeneration by activated skeletal stem cells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew P Murphy ◽  
Lauren S Koepke ◽  
Michael T Lopez ◽  
Xinming Tong ◽  
Thomas H Ambrosi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Cartilage Regeneration ◽  
Articular Cartilage Regeneration

scholarly journals Which is better for articular cartilage regeneration, cultured stem cells or concentrated stromal cells?

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (13) ◽  
pp. 836-836
Author(s):  
Dong Hwan Lee ◽  
Chae-Gwan Kong ◽  
Yong-Woon Shin ◽  
Saif Ahmed ◽  
Asode Ananthram Shetty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Cartilage Regeneration ◽  
Articular Cartilage Regeneration

scholarly journals Clinical Application Status of Articular Cartilage Regeneration Techniques: Tissue-Engineered Cartilage Brings New Hope

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuangpeng Jiang ◽  
Weimin Guo ◽  
Guangzhao Tian ◽  
Xujiang Luo ◽  
Liqing Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Clinical Application ◽  
Cartilage Regeneration ◽  
Engineering Technology ◽  
Cell Scaffold ◽  
Repair Ability ◽  
Seed Cells ◽  
Engineered Cartilage ◽  
Articular Cartilage Regeneration

Hyaline articular cartilage lacks blood vessels, lymphatics, and nerves and is characterised by limited self-repair ability following injury. Traditional techniques of articular cartilage repair and regeneration all have certain limitations. The development of tissue engineering technology has brought hope to the regeneration of articular cartilage. The strategies of tissue-engineered articular cartilage can be divided into three types: “cell-scaffold construct,” cell-free, and scaffold-free. In “cell-scaffold construct” strategies, seed cells can be autologous chondrocytes or stem. Among them, some commercial products with autologous chondrocytes as seed cells, such as BioSeed®-C and CaReS®, have been put on the market and some products are undergoing clinical trials, such as NOVOCART® 3D. The stem cells are mainly pluripotent stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells from different sources. Cell-free strategies that indirectly utilize the repair and regeneration potential of stem cells have also been used in clinical settings, such as TruFit and MaioRegen. Finally, the scaffold-free strategy is also a new development direction, and the short-term repair results of related products, such as NOVOCART® 3D, are encouraging. In this paper, the commonly used techniques of articular cartilage regeneration in surgery are reviewed. By studying different strategies and different seed cells, the clinical application status of tissue-engineered articular cartilage is described in detail.

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