The effect of induced membranes combined with enhanced bone marrow and 3D PLA‐HA on repairing long bone defects in vivo

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 1403-1414
Author(s):  
Zhiqing Liu ◽  
Yuwei Ge ◽  
Linyuan Zhang ◽  
Yueting Wang ◽  
Cheng Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Long Bone

scholarly journals Biocompatibility and Bone Formation of Flexible, Cotton Wool-like PLGA/Calcium Phosphate Nanocomposites in Sheep

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver D Schneider ◽  
Dirk Mohn ◽  
Roland Fuhrer ◽  
Karina Klein ◽  
Käthi Kämpf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Drill Hole ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Long Bone ◽  
Minimal Amount ◽  
Cotton Wool

Background: The purpose of this preliminary study was to assess the in vivo performance of synthetic, cotton wool-like nanocomposites consisting of a biodegradable poly(lactide-co-glycolide) fibrous matrix and containing either calcium phosphate nanoparticles (PLGA/CaP 60:40) or silver doped CaP nanoparticles (PLGA/Ag-CaP 60:40). Besides its extraordinary in vitro bioactivity the latter biomaterial (0.4 wt% total silver concentration) provides additional antimicrobial properties for treating bone defects exposed to microorganisms. Materials and Methods: Both flexible artificial bone substitutes were implanted into totally 16 epiphyseal and metaphyseal drill hole defects of long bone in sheep and followed for 8 weeks. Histological and histomorphological analyses were conducted to evaluate the biocompatibility and bone formation applying a score system. The influence of silver on the in vivo performance was further investigated. Results: Semi-quantitative evaluation of histology sections showed for both implant materials an excellent biocompatibility and bone healing with no resorption in the adjacent bone. No signs of inflammation were detectable, either macroscopically or microscopically, as was evident in 5 µm plastic sections by the minimal amount of inflammatory cells. The fibrous biomaterials enabled bone formation directly in the centre of the former defect. The area fraction of new bone formation as determined histomorphometrically after 8 weeks implantation was very similar with 20.5 ± 11.2 % and 22.5 ± 9.2 % for PLGA/CaP and PLGA/Ag-CaP, respectively. Conclusions: The cotton wool-like bone substitute material is easily applicable, biocompatible and might be beneficial in minimal invasive surgery for treating bone defects.

scholarly journals Alendronate Can Improve Bone Alterations in Experimental Diabetes by Preventing Antiosteogenic, Antichondrogenic, and Proadipocytic Effects of AGEs on Bone Marrow Progenitor Cells

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Rocío Chuguransky ◽  
Ana María Cortizo ◽  
Antonio Desmond McCarthy
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Experimental Diabetes ◽  
Bone Microarchitecture ◽  
Bone Matrix ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Long Bone ◽  
Osteogenic Potential ◽  
Bone Marrow Progenitor

Bisphosphonates such as alendronate are antiosteoporotic drugs that inhibit the activity of bone-resorbing osteoclasts and secondarily promote osteoblastic function. Diabetes increases bone-matrix-associated advanced glycation end products (AGEs) that impair bone marrow progenitor cell (BMPC) osteogenic potential and decrease bone quality. Here we investigated the in vitro effect of alendronate and/or AGEs on the osteoblastogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic potential of BMPC isolated from nondiabetic untreated rats. We also evaluated the in vivo effect of alendronate (administered orally to rats with insulin-deficient Diabetes) on long-bone microarchitecture and BMPC multilineage potential. In vitro, the osteogenesis (Runx2, alkaline phosphatase, type 1 collagen, and mineralization) and chondrogenesis (glycosaminoglycan production) of BMPC were both decreased by AGEs, while coincubation with alendronate prevented these effects. The adipogenesis of BMPC (PPARγ, intracellular triglycerides, and lipase) was increased by AGEs, and this was prevented by coincubation with alendronate. In vivo, experimental Diabetes (a) decreased femoral trabecular bone area, osteocyte density, and osteoclastic TRAP activity; (b) increased bone marrow adiposity; and (c) deregulated BMPC phenotypic potential (increasing adipogenesis and decreasing osteogenesis and chondrogenesis). Orally administered alendronate prevented all these Diabetes-induced effects on bone. Thus, alendronate could improve bone alterations in diabetic rats by preventing the antiosteogenic, antichondrogenic, and proadipocytic effects of AGEs on BMPC.

scholarly journals Increase in the Number of Bone Marrow Osteoclast Precursors at Different Skeletal Sites, Particularly in Long Bone and Jaw Marrow in Mice Lacking IL-1RA

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 3774
Author(s):  
Giuliana Ascone ◽  
Yixuan Cao ◽  
Ineke D.C. Jansen ◽  
Irene Di Ceglie ◽  
Martijn H.J. van den Bosch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Bone Destruction ◽  
Mineral Dissolution ◽  
Long Bone ◽  
Osteoclast Precursors ◽  
Marrow Cells

Recently, it was shown that interleukin-1β (IL-1β) has diverse stimulatory effects on different murine long bone marrow osteoclast precursors (OCPs) in vitro. In this study, interleukin-1 receptor antagonist deficient (Il1rn−/−) and wild-type (WT) mice were compared to investigate the effects of enhanced IL-1 signaling on the composition of OCPs in long bone, calvaria, vertebra, and jaw. Bone marrow cells were isolated from these sites and the percentage of early blast (CD31hi Ly-6C−), myeloid blast (CD31+ Ly-6C+), and monocyte (CD31− Ly-6Chi) OCPs was assessed by flow cytometry. At the time-point of cell isolation, Il1rn−/− mice showed no inflammation or bone destruction yet as determined by histology and microcomputed tomography. However, Il1rn−/− mice had an approximately two-fold higher percentage of OCPs in long bone and jaw marrow compared to WT. Conversely, vertebrae and calvaria marrow contained a similar composition of OCPs in both strains. Bone marrow cells were cultured with macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) and receptor of NfκB ligand (RANKL) on bone slices to assess osteoclastogenesis and on calcium phosphate-coated plates to analyze mineral dissolution. Deletion of Il1rn increased osteoclastogenesis from long bone, calvaria, and jaw marrows, and all Il1rn−/− cultures showed increased mineral dissolution compared to WT. However, osteoclast markers increased exclusively in Il1rn−/− osteoclasts from long bone and jaw. Collectively, these findings indicate that a lack of IL-1RA increases the numbers of OCPs in vivo, particularly in long bone and jaw, where rheumatoid arthritis and periodontitis develop. Thus, increased bone loss at these sites may be triggered by a larger pool of OCPs due to the disruption of IL-1 inhibitors.

Vascular Supply and Bone Marrow Concentrate for the Improvement of Allograft in Bone Defects: A Comparative In Vivo Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 252 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Marco Cavallo ◽  
Melania Maglio ◽  
Annapaola Parrilli ◽  
Stefania Pagani ◽  
Lucia Martini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Vascular Supply ◽  
In Vivo Study ◽  
Bone Marrow Concentrate

Bone regeneration in long-bone defects: tissue compartmentalisation? In vivo study on bone defects in sheep

Injury ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. S95-S102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaj Klaue ◽  
Ulf Knothe ◽  
Christoph Anton ◽  
Dominik H Pfluger ◽  
Martin Stoddart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
In Vivo Study ◽  
Long Bone

scholarly journals Human pluripotent stem cell-derived cartilaginous organoids promote scaffold-free healing of critical size long bone defects

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wai Long Tam ◽  
Luís Freitas Mendes ◽  
Xike Chen ◽  
Raphaëlle Lesage ◽  
Inge Van Hoven ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cell ◽  
Critical Size ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Long Bone ◽  
Tissue Formation ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

Abstract Background Bones have a remarkable capacity to heal upon fracture. Yet, in large defects or compromised conditions healing processes become impaired, resulting in delayed or non-union. Current therapeutic approaches often utilize autologous or allogeneic bone grafts for bone augmentation. However, limited availability of these tissues and lack of predictive biological response result in limitations for clinical demands. Tissue engineering using viable cell-based implants is a strategic approach to address these unmet medical needs. Methods Herein, the in vitro and in vivo cartilage and bone tissue formation potencies of human pluripotent stem cells were investigated. The induced pluripotent stem cells were specified towards the mesodermal lineage and differentiated towards chondrocytes, which subsequently self-assembled into cartilaginous organoids. The tissue formation capacity of these organoids was then challenged in an ectopic and orthotopic bone formation model. Results The derived chondrocytes expressed similar levels of collagen type II as primary human articular chondrocytes and produced stable cartilage when implanted ectopically in vivo. Upon targeted promotion towards hypertrophy and priming with a proinflammatory mediator, the organoids mediated successful bridging of critical size long bone defects in immunocompromised mice. Conclusions These results highlight the promise of induced pluripotent stem cell technology for the creation of functional cartilage tissue intermediates that can be explored for novel bone healing strategies.

scholarly journals Healing capacity of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells versus platelet-rich fibrin in tibial bone defects of albino rats: an in vivo study

F1000Research ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 1573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dina Rady ◽  
Rabab Mubarak ◽  
Rehab A. Abdel Moneim
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Platelet Rich Fibrin ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
Tibia Bone ◽  
Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
The Mean

Background: Various techniques for tissue engineering have been introduced to aid the regeneration of defective or lost bone tissue. The aim of this study was to compare the in vivo bone-forming potential of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) on induced bone defects in rats’ tibiae. Methods: In total, one defect of 3-mm diameter was created in each tibia of 36 Wistar male rats. There were two groups: group A, left tibia bone defects that received PRF; and group B, right tibia bone defects of the same animal that received BM-MSCs loaded on a chitosan scaffold. Subsequently, Scanning electron microscope/energy-dispersive X-ray (SEM/EDX) analyses was performed at 3 and 10 days, and 3 weeks post‑implantation and following euthanasia; (n=12). Results: The EDX analysis performed for each group and time point revealed a significant increase in the mean calcium and phosphorous weight percentage in the BM-MSC-treated group relative to the PRF-treated group at all-time intervals (P < 0.05). Moreover, the mean calcium and phosphorus weight percentage increased as time progressed since the surgical intervention in the PRF-treated and BM-MSCs groups (P < 0.05). Conclusions: In the present study, both BM-MSCs and PRF were capable of healing osseous defects induced in a rat tibial model. Yet, BM-MSCs promoted more adequate healing, with higher mean calcium and phosphorous weight percentages than PRF at all-time points, and showed greater integration into the surrounding tissues than PRF.

Bone marrow concentrate for autologous transplantation in minipigs

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (01) ◽  
pp. 34-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Herten ◽  
M. Sager ◽  
L. Benga ◽  
J. C. Fischer ◽  
M. Jäger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Autologous Transplantation ◽  
Tendon Healing ◽  
Autologous Bone Marrow ◽  
Long Bone ◽  
Osteogenic Potential ◽  
Differentiation Potential ◽  
Bone Marrow Concentrate

SummaryAutologous bone marrow plays an increasing role in the treatment of bone, cartilage and tendon healing disorders. Cell-based therapies display promising results in the support of local regeneration, especially therapies using intra-operative one-step treatments with autologous progenitor cells. In the present study, bone marrow-derived cells were concentrated in a point-of-care device and investigated for their mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) characteristics and their osteogenic potential.Bone marrow was harvested from the iliac crest of 16 minipigs. The mononucleated cells (MNC) were concentrated by gradient density centrifugation, cultivated, characterized by flow cytometry and stimulated into osteoblasts, adipocytes, and chondrocytes. Cell differentiation was investigated by histological and immunohistological staining of relevant lineage markers. The proliferation capacity was determined via colony forming units of fibroblast and of osteogenic alkaline-phosphatase-positive-cells.The MNC could be enriched 3.5-fold in nucleated cell concentrate in comparison to bone marrow. Flow cytometry analysis revealed a positive signal for the MSC markers. Cells could be differentiated into the three lines confirming the MSC character. The cellular osteogenic potential correlated significantly with the percentage of newly formed bone in vivo in a porcine metaphyseal long-bone defect model.This study demonstrates that bone marrow concentrate from minipigs display cells with MSC character and their osteogenic differentiation potential can be used for osseous defect repair in autologous transplantations.

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