The effect on fetal development and utero-placental blood flow of ligating a uterine artery in the rat near term

Teratology ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 327-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neville W. Bruce
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Fetal Development ◽  
Uterine Artery ◽  
Placental Blood ◽  
Near Term ◽  
Placental Blood Flow

Effect of exercise on uterine blood flow in the pregnant Pygmy goat

1984 ◽  
Vol 246 (2) ◽  
pp. H207-H212 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Hohimer ◽  
J. M. Bissonnette ◽  
J. Metcalfe ◽  
T. A. McKean
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Uterine Artery ◽  
Artery Blood Flow ◽  
Normal Birth Weight ◽  
Uterine Blood Flow ◽  
Normal Birth ◽  
Radioactive Microsphere ◽  
Radioactive Microsphere Technique ◽  
Placental Blood ◽  
Placental Blood Flow

Pygmy goats in the last third of pregnancy were trained to walk on a treadmill at rates up to 2.0 mph and up an inclination of 0-15 degrees. Electromagnetic flowmeters were placed unilaterally on a uterine artery, and measurements were made while the goats were standing quietly on the treadmill and during 5 min of exercise. Blood flow fell during exercise in all five animals studied, and this reduction was proportional to the level of exertion. At the highest level of exercise that these animals would voluntarily perform, uterine artery blood flow fell by 32 +/- 3 (SE) % (P less than 0.001) from control. In four additional animals the radioactive microsphere technique was used to measure uterine blood flow at rest and after 5-7 min of exercise. In these animals, exercise caused total uterine blood flow to fall by 18 +/- 10%; cotyledonary (placental) blood flow fell by 8 +/- 13%, while myoendometrial blood flow decreased by 52 +/- 12% (P less than 0.05). Thus nonplacental portions of the pregnant Pygmy goat uterus suffer major reductions in blood flow during exercise. This vasoconstriction may be due to exercise per se or to concomitant hypocapnia or hyperthermia. Singleton and twin kids born to animals that exercised were of normal birth weight.

Association of placental T2 relaxation times and uterine artery Doppler ultrasound measures of placental blood flow

Placenta ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 474-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Derwig ◽  
G.J. Barker ◽  
L. Poon ◽  
F. Zelaya ◽  
P. Gowland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Doppler Ultrasound ◽  
Uterine Artery ◽  
Relaxation Times ◽  
T2 Relaxation ◽  
Uterine Artery Doppler ◽  
Placental Blood ◽  
Placental Blood Flow

scholarly journals Comparison of prenatal functional markers of retardation of fetal growth and delayed fetal development with expression of vascular growth factors in the placenta

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-147
Author(s):  
Sholpan D. Dyusembinova ◽  
Nataliya G. Pavlova ◽  
Kseniya A. Klikunova
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Fetal Development ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Central Zone ◽  
Functional System ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Vegf Expression ◽  
Placental Blood ◽  
Placental Blood Flow

AIM: The study aimed to investigate and compare Doppler metric indicators in the main arteries of the functional system of the mother, placenta, and fetus as well as the parameters of the activityrest cycle in fetuses with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression and placenta growth factor (PlGF) in the presence of physiological pregnancy and placental insufficiency to analyze morphofunctional parallels between these indicators in the third trimester of pregnancy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-nine women on the 3435 weeks of pregnancy (period of physiological maturity of the activityrest cycle in the fetus) were screened. The main group consisted of 19 patients. The inclusion criteria were as follows: single-fetal pregnancy, fetometric indicators below the 10th percentile, and presence of blood flow disorders in the main vessels of the motherplacentafetus functional system. The comparison group included 10 relatively healthy women. The criteria for inclusion in the comparison group were as follows: single-fetal physiological pregnancy, fetometric indicators above the 10th percentile, and absence of Doppler disorders of placental blood flow. Fetometry and Doppler studies of the placental blood flow in the main arteries of the functional system of the mother, placenta, fetus were performed using the Voluson 730 Expert ultrasound device (GE, USA). The activityrest cycle in the fetus was evaluated using Sonicaid Team Care fetal monitor (Oxford, UK). Placental tissue was taken from the central placental area for immunohistochemical analysis of VEGF and PlGF expression with primary monoclonal antibodies of the main women group and comparison group after childbirth (1:100, Abcam, UK). RESULTS: A direct correlation between the expression of VEGF in the central zone of the placenta and index resistance (IR), ripple index (RI) in the uterine arteries, as well as the cerebroplacental relationship CPR (r1=0.487; p1=0.035; r2=0.487; p2=0.035; r3=0.578; p3=0.030, respectively) in women of the main group was found. A direct correlation was established between the expression of VEGF in the central zone of the placenta and IR in the umbilical artery (r=0.49; p=0.033) in patients of the main group. The analysis of the restactivity cycle in fetuses of women of the main group showed that at 3435 weeks 73% of them do not form it: the behavior of fetuses is represented only by the activated state. An inverse relationship was found between VEGF expression and the motor-cardiac reflex amplitude (r=0.866; p=0.05) as well as the heart rate oscillation amplitude (r=0.866; p=0.05) in fetuses of women of the main group. CONCLUSIONS: The identified morphofunctional parallels will allow to develop non-invasive pathogenetic prognostic models for prenatal diagnosis of fetal development delay with different degrees of growth restriction.

Responses of fetal sheep to simulated no-decompression dives

1980 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 776-780 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. K. Stock ◽  
E. H. Lanphier ◽  
D. F. Anderson ◽  
L. C. Anderson ◽  
T. M. Phernetton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Maternal Blood ◽  
Arterial System ◽  
Fetal Sheep ◽  
Monitoring Result ◽  
Placental Blood ◽  
Near Term ◽  
Placental Blood Flow ◽  
Maternal Blood Pressure

The effect of simulated standard no-decompression dives to 60 and 100 ft of seawater was tested in 12 near term sheep carrying 16 fetuses. In the immediate postdive period there were no significant changes in fetal blood pressure or fetal placental or renal blood flow, but the maternal blood pressure was elevated and the maternal placental blood flow was depressed. Six surgically prepared fetuses were dived to 100 ft. Five died within 20 min of ascent and the sixth suffered severe cardiac arrhythmia and hypotension. At autopsy all fetuses were observed to have massive bubbling in the arterial system and heart. Five fetuses were dived to 100 ft without surgery. Two were alive 3 h later and no bubbles were present at autopsy, and three were born alive at term. With the 60-ft dives, three fetuses were subjected to surgery and all suffered massive bubbling. Two fetuses were dived to 60 ft without surgery; one was alive after 3 h and the other was born alive at term. We conclude that surgery and monitoring result in the formation of postdive gas bubbles that would not otherwise appear.

scholarly journals USING RESULTS OF FIRST-TRIMESTER BIOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND UTERINE ARTERY PULSATILITY INDEX FOR INCLUSION IN RISK GROUPS FOR FETAL GROWTH RESTRICTION

2017 ◽  
pp. 52-56
Author(s):  
R. S. Zamaleeva ◽  
N. A. Cherepanova ◽  
D. V. Frizin ◽  
A. V. Frizina
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Uterine Artery ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Maternity Unit ◽  
Biochemical Screening ◽  
Placental Blood ◽  
Placental Blood Flow

Objective: to study the combined use of first-trimester biochemical screening results and uterine artery pulsality index (PI) for inclusion in risk group for fetal growth restriction (FGR), improvement of pregnancy outcomes in women from the risk group for the development of FGR.Material and methods. The work is based on the results of studies conducted from 2009 to 2014 in the maternity unit of Republican Clinical Hospital № 2 MoH in the Republic of Tatarstan which is the clinical facility for the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology № 1 of the Continuing Medical Education Institution “Kazan State Medical University” MoH RF, and maternity unit and prenatal clinic of the Volzhskaya Central City Hospital in the Mari El Republic. First-trimester biochemical screening results and uterine artery PI were the basis for the formation of FGR risk groups. Pregnancy and delivery outcomes in 156 pregnant women with a risk for the development of FGR and in 25 healthy controls were evaluated. In order to improve the placental blood flow based on the proven safety profile, all women with FGR received dipyridamole in the II trimester of pregnancy for at least 3 weeks.Conclusion: concomitant decrease in PAPP-A MoM and increase in uterine artery PI provide the most valuable information for forecasting FGR. Administration of dipyridamole by women with FGR helps to improve placental blood flow, prevents degenerative changes in the placenta, and promotes live births even in III degree FGR. 

Placental Blood Flow and Fetal Weight following Uterine Artery Ligation

Neonatology ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 172-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Jansson ◽  
Magnus Thordstein ◽  
Ingemar Kjellmer
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Uterine Artery ◽  
Fetal Weight ◽  
Artery Ligation ◽  
Uterine Artery Ligation ◽  
Placental Blood ◽  
Placental Blood Flow

scholarly journals Non-invasive evaluation of placental blood flow: lessons from animal models

Reproduction ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 153 (3) ◽  
pp. R85-R96 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Mourier ◽  
A Tarrade ◽  
J Duan ◽  
C Richard ◽  
C Bertholdt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Ultrasound Contrast Agents ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Placental Blood ◽  
2D And 3D ◽  
Reliable Methods ◽  
Placental Blood Flow ◽  
Invasive Evaluation

In human obstetrics, placental vascularisation impairment is frequent as well as linked to severe pathological events (preeclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction), and there is a need for reliable methods allowing non-invasive evaluation of placental blood flow. Uteroplacental vascularisation is complex, and animal models are essential for the technical development and safety assessment of these imaging tools for human clinical use; however, these techniques can also be applied in the veterinary context. This paper reviews how ultrasound-based imaging methods such as 2D and 3D Doppler can provide valuable insight for the exploration of placental blood flow both in humans and animals and how new approaches such as the use of ultrasound contrast agents or ultrafast Doppler may allow to discriminate between maternal (non-pulsatile) and foetal (pulsatile) blood flow in the placenta. Finally, functional magnetic resonance imaging could also be used to evaluate placental blood flow, as indicated by studies in animal models, but its safety in human pregnancy still requires to be confirmed.

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