A two‐stage structural optimization‐based design procedure of structural systems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefanos Sotiropoulos ◽  
Nikos D. Lagaros
Keyword(s):  
Structural Optimization ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Structural Systems ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Optimization Based Design

Design procedure for two-stage CMOS opamp with optimum balancing of speed, power and noise

2009 ◽  
Vol 96 (11) ◽  
pp. 1145-1159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uday Bhanu Singh Chandrawat ◽  
D. K. Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Design Procedure ◽  
Two Stage

Sorption of Cr(VI) onto Cystoseira indica: Comparison of Regression Methods for Isotherms and Biomass Minimization

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaik Basha ◽  
Z.V.P. Murthy ◽  
B. Jha
Keyword(s):  
Langmuir Isotherm ◽  
Least Squares Method ◽  
Linear Equations ◽  
Linear Method ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Linear Regression Method ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Sorption System ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Cystoseira Indica

A comparison between linear least-squares method and non-linear regression method of the widely used equilibrium isotherms (Langmuir, Freundlich and Redlich-Peterson) for the sorption of Cr(VI) onto Cystoseira indica, which was chemically-modified by cross-linking with epichlorohydrin (CB1, CB2), or oxidized by potassium permanganate (CB3), or only washed by distilled water (RB) was examined. The biosorption equilibriums were established in about 2 h and the maximum removal was observed at pH 3.0 with solid to liquid ratio of 0.05 g/l. The four different linearized forms of Langmuir isotherms are also discussed. Langmuir isotherm parameters obtained from the four Langmuir linear equations are different but they are the same by using non-linear Langmuir equation. The best-fitting isotherms are Langmuir and Redlich-Peterson. The present investigation showed that the non-linear method is the more appropriate method to determine the isotherm parameters. A design procedure was proposed using the Langmuir isotherm to design a two stage sorption system to minimize the amount of biomass required for the treatment of Cr(VI) solution using Cystoseira indica. A two stage sorption system reduced the amount of biomass required by 51.2, 50.7, 51.1 and 51.3%, for CB1, CB2, CB3 and RB, respectively, to achieve the required amount of Cr(VI) removal for any solution volume.

scholarly journals Design Specifications and Performance analysis of Single and Two Stage HB LLC Converters

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1S) ◽  
pp. 192-196
Keyword(s):  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Software Package ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Input Voltage ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Basic Operation ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Design Specifications ◽  
Converter Topologies ◽  
And Performance

In this paper a Single stage and Two stage Half Bridge LLC (HB LLC) converter topologies for DC/DC applications with low input voltage. The basic operation and design procedure for LLC converter is illustrated. Simulation of the proposed converter is done using the design parameters and the results are discussed and then analysis is done to know its performance. The efficiency of the converters is analyzed by MATLAB Software Package.

Design Procedure and Pilot Investigations for the Extension of the Main Treatment Plant of Vienna

1992 ◽  
Vol 25 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 9-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. v. d. Emde ◽  
H. Kroiss ◽  
G. Nagel ◽  
K. Domhofer
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Detailed Comparison ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Modes Of Operation ◽  
Limited Availability ◽  
Parallel Mode ◽  
Future Demands

The Main Treatment Plant in Vienna Simmering has been in operation since 1980. It does not meet the future demands on removal efficiency and therefore it has to be expanded. On the basis of stringent emission values, of a detailed comparison of alternatives and of intensive pilot investigations a concept has been developed which makes optimal usage of the existing plant and of the limited availability of space on site. The concept that has been developed for the extension is a two stage plant with the existing plant as the first stage. The plant will be operated as a two stage plant under dry weather conditions and in a parallel mode under storm conditions in order to reduce the load on the final clarifiers. This kind of operation has been tested in a period of two years in pilot investigations in which all future modes of operation were investigated and the chosen concept proved to be successful.

A Two-stage Parametric Identification of Strong Nonlinear Structural Systems with Incomplete Response Measurements

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (04) ◽  
pp. 1640022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lijun Liu ◽  
Ying Lei ◽  
Mingyu He
Keyword(s):  
Kalman Filter ◽  
Unscented Kalman Filter ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Nonlinear Problems ◽  
Parametric Identification ◽  
Structural Systems ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Incomplete Response ◽  
Nonlinear Structural ◽  
Structural Responses

Compared with the identification of linear structural parameters, it is more difficult to conduct parametric identification of strong nonlinear structural systems, especially when only incomplete structural responses are available. Although the extended Kalman filter (EKF) is useful for structural identification with partial measurements of structural responses and can be extended for the identification of nonlinear structures, EKF approximates nonlinear system through Taylor series expansion and is therefore not effective for the identification of strong nonlinear structural systems. Other approaches such as the unscented Kalman filter (UKF) have been proposed for the identification of strong nonlinear problems. Based on the fact that nonlinearities exist in local areas of structures, a straightforward two-stage identification approach is proposed in this paper for the identification of strong nonlinear structural parameters with incomplete response measurements. In the first stage, the locations of nonlinearities are identified based on the EKF for the identification of the equivalent linear structures. In the second stage, the UKF is utilized to identify the parameters of strong nonlinear structural systems. Therefore, the parametric identification of strong nonlinear structural parameters is simplified by the proposed approach. Several numerical examples with different nonlinear models and locations are used to validate the proposed approach.

A Simplified Two-Stage Design of Linear Discrete-Time Feedback Controllers With Applications to Systems With Slow and Fast Modes

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Verica Radisavljevic-Gajic
Keyword(s):  
Discrete Time ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Linear Feedback ◽  
Fast Time ◽  
Singularly Perturbed Systems ◽  
Feedback Controllers ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Stage Design ◽  
Two Stage Design ◽  
Time Systems

In this paper we have shown how to simplify an algorithm for the two stage design of linear feedback controllers by reducing computational requirements. The algorithm is further simplified for linear discrete-time systems with slow and fast modes (multi-time scale systems or singularly perturbed systems) providing independent and accurate designs in slow and fast time scales. The simplified design procedure and its very high accuracy are demonstrated on the eigenvalue assignment problem of a steam power system.

Seismic Reliability Analysis of Structural Systems

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paata Rekvava
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Time History ◽  
Reliability Function ◽  
Nonlinear Time History Analysis ◽  
Structural Systems ◽  
Rc Buildings ◽  
Seismic Reliability ◽  
Performance Based Seismic Design ◽  
Nonlinear Time History

A method is presented for the evaluation of the seismic reliability function of realistic structural systems. The method is based on a preliminary simulation involving three-dimensional nonlinear time history analysis of the soil-interface-building system. The design procedure is performed to establish the probabilistic characterization of the demands on the structure, followed by the solution of system reliability problem with correlated demands and capacities. The Structural behavior is evaluated by means of the methodology of Performance-Based Seismic Design (PBSD). This study has taken into account the stochastic nature of the spatial ground motion in Tbilisi region. The method is demonstrated with an application to a 3D RC Buildings subjected to seismic excitation for the specified hazard at the site. The developed method and obtained results can be used in seismic risk study for new buildings of examined type under design, as well as for existing RC buildings of old generation for future seismic activity.

scholarly journals A modal seismic design procedure based on a selected level of ductility demand

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milad Farahanchi Baradaran ◽  
Farhad Behnamfar
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Design ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Structural Systems ◽  
Code Design ◽  
Vibration Modes ◽  
Ductility Demand ◽  
Final Design ◽  
Ductility Capacity ◽  
Different Levels

Determination of seismic design forces of structures is performed by the building codes usually using response reduction (or behaviour) factors that incorporate indeterminacy and ductility capacity of lateral bearing systems. In this procedure story drifts are checked as a final design step approximately preventing stories from assuming excessive ductility demands, or seismic damage. If this procedure is reversed, a more logical seismic design approach may be developed by starting with a ductility-controlled procedure. It is the incentive of this research in which by using a large number of earthquakes, first nonlinear acceleration spectra are developed for different levels of ductility demand. Then an energy-based modal procedure is developed in which the system ductility demand is distributed between the important vibration modes based on their contribution. Finally, the developed method is applied to seismic design of several buildings selected from both regular and irregular structural systems. Comparison with a sample code design establishes success of the method in developing a more rational seismic design.

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