Enhanced locomotor activity in adult rats with neonatal administration ofN-omega-nitro-L-arginine

Synapse ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 264-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Mejorada ◽  
Patricia Aguilar-Alonso ◽  
Bertha Alicia León-Chavez ◽  
Gonzalo Flores
Keyword(s):  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Neonatal Administration

scholarly journals Neonatal administration of fluoxetine did not alter the anxiety indicators, but decreased the locomotor activity in adult rats in the elevated plus-maze

2008 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 844-847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valdenilson Ribeiro Ribas ◽  
Helena Karine Rufino Aniceto ◽  
Hugo André de Lima Martins ◽  
Ketlin Helenise dos Santos Ribas ◽  
Renata de Melo Guerra-Ribas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Neonatal Period ◽  
T Test ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Neonatal Administration ◽  
Anxiety Index

The objective of this study was evaluate the anxiety and locomotor activity (LA) in 52 Wistar adult male rats, being 26 treated with fluoxetine (10 mg/Kg - sc) in the neonatal period. These same rats received foot shock (FS) (1.6-mA - 2-s) in the 90th day. The anxiety and LA were appraised by plus-maze. The time spent in the open arms was used as anxiety index and the LA was measured by number of entries in closed arms (NECA) and the total of entries (TE). T-test was used with p<0.05 and expresses data in mean±SEM. There were reductions with the fluoxetine group in the NECA (2.35±0.33) and in the TE (3.96±0.61) compared to the controls (4.65±0.52) and (6.96±0.94). The neonatal administration of fluoxetine did not alter the anxiety, but reduced the LA in the animals that received FS.

Physical exercise protects dynamic balance and motor coordination of rats treated with vincristine

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 336
Author(s):  
Luiza Minato Sagrillo ◽  
Viviane Nogueira De Zorzi ◽  
Luiz Fernando Freire Royes ◽  
Michele Rechia Fighera ◽  
Beatriz Da Silva Rosa Bonadiman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Motor Coordination ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Stress Damage ◽  
Training Protocol

Physical exercise has been shown to be an important modulator of the antioxidant system and neuroprotective in several diseases and treatments that affect the central nervous system. In this sense, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of physical exercise in dynamic balance, motor coordination, exploratory locomotor activity and in the oxidative and immunological balance of rats treated with vincristine (VCR). For that, 40 adult rats were divided into two groups: exercise group (6 weeks of swimming, 1h/day, 5 days/week, with overload of 5% of body weight) and sedentary group. After training, rats were treated with 0.5 mg/kg of vincristine sulfate for two weeks or with the same dose of 0.9% NaCl. The behavioral tests were conducted 1 and 7 days after each dose of VCR. On day 15 we carried out the biochemical analyzes of the cerebellum. The physical exercise was able to protect against the loss of dynamic balance and motor coordination and, had effect per se in the exploratory locomotor activity, and neutralize oxidative stress, damage DNA and immune damage caused by VCR up to 15 days after the end of the training protocol. In conclusion, we observed that previous physical training protects of the damage motor induced by vincristine.Key-words: exercise, oxidative stress, neuroprotection, cerebellum.

scholarly journals Comparison of caffeine-induced locomotor activity between adolescent and adult rats

2011 ◽  
Vol 660 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 363-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo T. Marin ◽  
Roberta Zancheta ◽  
Ana H. Paro ◽  
Ana P.M. Possi ◽  
Fábio C. Cruz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Adult Rats

scholarly journals Diazepam attenuates the effects of cocaine on locomotion, 50-kHz ultrasonic vocalizations and phasic dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens of rats

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
William N. Sanchez ◽  
Jose A. Pochapski ◽  
Leticia F. Jessen ◽  
Marek Ellenberger ◽  
Rainer K. Schwarting ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Nucleus Accumbens ◽  
Dopamine Release ◽  
Ultrasonic Vocalizations ◽  
Control Group ◽  
List Type ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Fast Scan Cyclic Voltammetry ◽  
Entire Duration ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

AbstractBackground and PurposeCurrently, no effective drug exists to treat cocaine use disorders, which affect millions of people worldwide. Benzodiazepines are potential therapeutic candidates, as microdialysis and voltammetry studies have shown that they can decrease dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens of rodents. In addition, we have recently shown that diazepam blocks the increase in dopamine release and the affective marker 50-kHz ultrasonic vocalizations (USV) induced by DL-amphetamine in rats.Experimental ApproachHere we tested whether administration of 2.5 mg·kg−1 diazepam (i.p.) in adult male Wistar rats could block the effects of 20 mg·kg−1 cocaine (i.p.) on electrically evoked phasic dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens measured by fast-scan cyclic voltammetry, as well as 50-kHz USV and locomotor activity.Key ResultsCocaine injection increased evoked dopamine release up to 3-fold within 5 min and the increase was significantly higher than baseline for at least 90 min. The injection of diazepam 15 min later attenuated the cocaine effect by nearly 50% and this attenuation was maintained for at least 30 min. Stimulant drugs, natural rewards and reward predictive cues are known to evoke 50-kHz USV in adult rats. In the present study, cocaine increased the number of 50-kHz USV of the flat, step, trill, and mixed kinds by 12-fold. This effect was at maximum 5 min after cocaine injection, decreased with time and lasted at least 40 min. Diazepam significantly blocked this effect for the entire duration of the session. The distance travelled by control rats during a 40-min session of exploration in an open field was at maximum in the first 5 min and decayed progressively until the end of the session. Cocaine-treated rats travelled significantly longer distances when compared to the control group, while diazepam significantly attenuated cocaine-induced locomotion by up to 50%.Conclusions and implicationThese results suggest that the neurochemical, affective, and stimulant effects of cocaine can be mitigated by diazepam.What is already knownDiazepam decreases dopamine release in the rodent nucleus accumbens (NAc) and reduces some effects produced by DL-amphetamine.What this study addsDiazepam attenuated the increase in phasic dopamine release caused by cocaine.Diazepam blocked the effect of cocaine on 50-kHz USV and locomotor activity.Clinical significanceThis study demonstrates that diazepam can block specific effects of cocaine that likely contribute to addiction.

scholarly journals Sex-dependent changes in ketamine-induced locomotor activity and ketamine pharmacokinetics in preweanling, adolescent, and adult rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 740-755 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanders A. McDougall ◽  
Ginny I. Park ◽  
Goretti I. Ramirez ◽  
Vanessa Gomez ◽  
Brittnee C. Adame ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Adult Rats

Facilitation of Dopamine-Mediated Locomotor Activity in Adult Rats following Cholinergic Denervation

2002 ◽  
Vol 174 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Mattsson ◽  
Sven Ove Ögren ◽  
Lars Olson
Keyword(s):  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Adult Rats

scholarly journals Early adolescents show enhanced acute cocaine-induced locomotor activity in comparison to late adolescent and adult rats

2008 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly A. Badanich ◽  
Antoniette M. Maldonado ◽  
Cheryl L. Kirstein
Keyword(s):  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Early Adolescents ◽  
Late Adolescent ◽  
Adult Rats

ULTRAMORPHOMETRIC STUDIES OF THE ADRENAL CORTEX OF ADULT RATS AFTER NEONATAL ADMINISTRATION OF SEX STEROIDS

1976 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 537-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Mäusle ◽  
G. Fickinger
Keyword(s):  
Sex Steroids ◽  
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Zona Fasciculata ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Neonatal Administration ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Increased Activity ◽  
Functional Reaction

ABSTRACT The outer zona fasciculata of 28 Sprague-Dawley rats, 8 weeks old, was studied by means of ultramorphometry. Four males and 4 females each received 1250 μg of testosterone proprionate (TP) or 300 μg oestradiol benzoate (OeB) on the second day of life. Four males and 4 females in oestrus or dioestrus served as controls. The controls showed both sex and cyclic differences: in comparison to the males, females displayed a finely dispersed lipoid pattern; enlargement of the nucleus and an increase in the amount of smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) indicated an increased stimulation of the cortex during oestrus. Neonatal administration of TP in females causes a distinct enlargement of cells with an increase in the volumes of nucleus, mitochondria, liposomes, SER and liposomes. The mitochondria and liposomes show a small-dispersed pattern of distribution. All these function-specific morphometric parameters point to an increased activity of the individual cell. The changes are less pronounced after OeB than after TP. In the male, neonatal administration of sex steroids results in an alteration of the sizes of the mitochondria and liposomes. The liposomes are distributed finely dispersed. At the same time there is an increase in the lipoid content. According to these parameters, fasciculata cells fulfil the morphological conditions that are a prerequisite for an elevated functional reaction. This change is more marked following OeB than TP. Sex dimorphism is preserved following neonatal application of sex steroids since the alterations are much more pronounced in females than in males.

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