scholarly journals Allogeneic adipose-derived stem cells promote ischemic muscle repair by inducing M2 macrophage polarization via the HIF-1α/IL-10 pathway

Stem Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junchao Liu ◽  
Peng Qiu ◽  
Jinbao Qin ◽  
Xiaoyu Wu ◽  
Xin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Macrophage Polarization ◽  
M2 Macrophage ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells ◽  
Muscle Repair ◽  
M2 Macrophage Polarization ◽  
Ischemic Muscle

Surgical meshes coated with mesenchymal stem cells provide an anti-inflammatory environment by a M2 macrophage polarization

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 221-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebeca Blázquez ◽  
Francisco Miguel Sánchez-Margallo ◽  
Verónica Álvarez ◽  
Alejandra Usón ◽  
Javier G. Casado
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Macrophage Polarization ◽  
M2 Macrophage ◽  
Surgical Meshes ◽  
M2 Macrophage Polarization ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

scholarly journals MicroRNA-146a-5p-modified human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells enhance protection against renal injury in diabetic nephropathy through facilitating M2 macrophage polarization by targeting TRAF6

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaqi Zhang ◽  
Xi Le ◽  
Shuo Zheng ◽  
Ke Zhang ◽  
Jing He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Renal Injury ◽  
Macrophage Polarization ◽  
M2 Macrophage ◽  
Human Umbilical Cord ◽  
M2 Macrophage Polarization

Abstract Background Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a severe complication of diabetes mellitus and a common cause of end-stage renal disease, but has no approved pharmacotherapy. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess potent anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties, which render them an attractive therapeutic tool for tissue damage and inflammation. Methods This study was designed to determine the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of human umbilical cord-derived MSCs (UC-MSCs) on streptozotocin-induced DN. Renal function and histological staining were used to evaluate kidney damage. RNA high-throughput sequencing on rat kidney and UCMSC-derived exosomes was used to identify the critical miRNAs. Co-cultivation of macrophage cell line and UC-MSCs-derived conditional medium was used to assess the involvement of macrophage polarization signaling. Results UC-MSC administration significantly improved renal function, reduced the local and systemic inflammatory cytokine levels, and attenuated inflammatory cell infiltration into the kidney tissue in DN rats. Moreover, UC-MSCs shifted macrophage polarization from a pro-inflammatory M1 to an antiinflammatory M2 phenotype. Mechanistically, miR-146a-5p was significantly downregulated and negatively correlated with renal injury in DN rats as determined through high-throughput RNA sequencing. Importantly, UC-MSCs-derived miR-146a-5p promoted M2 macrophage polarization by inhibiting TRAF6-STAT1 signaling pathway. Furthermore, miR-146a-5p modification in UC-MSCs enhanced the efficacy of anti-inflammation and renal function improvement. Conclusions Collectively, our findings demonstrate that UC-MSCs-derived miR-146a-5p have the potential to restore renal function in DN rats through facilitating M2 macrophage polarization by targeting TRAF6. It will pave the way for the use of UC-MSCs for therapeutic delivery of miRNAs targeted at kidney diseases.

scholarly journals Identification of Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts in Glioblastoma and Defining Their Pro-tumoral Effects

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saket Jain ◽  
Jonathan Rick ◽  
Rushikesh Joshi ◽  
Angad Beniwal ◽  
Jordan Spatz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Macrophage Polarization ◽  
M2 Macrophage ◽  
Cancer Associated Fibroblasts ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Primary Glioblastoma ◽  
M2 Macrophage Polarization ◽  
In Vivo Growth ◽  
Hepatocyte Growth

Despite their identification in some cancers, pro-tumoral cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) were presumed absent in glioblastoma given the lack of brain fibroblasts. Serial trypsinization of primary glioblastoma cultures yielded cells with CAF morphology, CAF transcriptomic profile, and mesenchymal lineage in single-cell RNA-seq. Glioblastoma CAFs were attracted to glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) and CAFs enriched GSCs. We created a resource of inferred crosstalk by mapping expression of receptors to their cognate ligands, identifying PDGF-β and TGF-β as mediators of GSC effects on CAFs, and osteopontin and hepatocyte growth factor as mediators of CAF-induced GSC enrichment. Glioblastoma CAFs also induced M2 macrophage polarization by producing the EDA fibronectin variant. Glioblastoma CAFs were enriched in the subventricular zone which houses neural stem cells that produce GSCs. Including CAFs in GSC-derived xenografts induced in vivo growth. These findings are among the first to identify glioblastoma CAFs and their GSC interactions, making them an intriguing target.

scholarly journals Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells derived Exosomes attenuate injury of myocardial infarction by miR-24-3p-promoted M2 macrophage polarization

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Zhu ◽  
Yihuan Chen ◽  
Jingjing Li ◽  
Ziying Yang ◽  
Yang Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Macrophage Polarization ◽  
M2 Macrophage ◽  
Human Umbilical Cord ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Pathway Activation ◽  
M2 Macrophage Polarization

Abstract Background- Exosomes derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UMSCs-Exo) were recommended as ideal substitutes for cell-free cardiac regenerative medicine, which had presented encouraging effects in regulating inflammation and attenuating myocardial injury. The phenotype of macrophages resident in myocardium were regulated dynamically in response to environmental cues, which may either protect against injury or promote maladaptive remodeling. However, the underlying mechanisms about UMSCs-Exo regulating macrophage polarization are still not well understood. Herein, we aimed to explore the effects of UMSCs-Exo on macrophage polarization and their roles in cardiac repair after myocardial infarction (MI). Methods and Results- Exosomes were isolated from the supernatant of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UMSCs) and transplanted by intramyocardial injection after MI. Our results showed that UMSCs-Exo improved cardiac function by increasing M2 macrophage polarization and reducing excessive inflammation. After depletion of macrophages with clodronate liposomes, the therapeutic effects of UMSCs-Exo were disrupted. Administrated with UMSC-Exo, macrophages are inclined to polarize towards M2 phenotype in inflammatory environment in vitro. The results of RNA-sequencing indicated Plcb3 was a key gene concerned in UMSCs-Exo facilitated M2 macrophage polarization. Further bioinformatics analysis revealed exosomal miR-24-3p as a potential effector mediated Plcb3 down regulation in macrophages. Increasing miR-24-3p expression in macrophages effectively enhanced M2 macrophage polarization by suppressing Plcb3 expression and NF-κB pathway activation in inflammatory environment. Furthermore, diminishing miR-24-3p expression in UMSCs-Exo attenuated the effects of UMSCs-Exo on M2 macrophage polarization. Conclusions- Our study demonstrated that macrophages, as important inflammatory regulators, participated in UMSCs-Exo mediated myocardial repair after MI. And the therapeutical effects were at least partially carried out by UMSCs-Exo promoting M2 macrophage polarization in an inflammatory microenvironment. Mechanically, exosomal miR-24-3p inhibits the expression of Plcb3 and NF-κB pathway activation to promote M2 macrophage polarization.

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