scholarly journals Mesenchymal Cells Appearing in Pancreatic Tissue Culture are Bone Marrow-Derived Stem Cells With the Capacity to Improve Transplanted Islet Function

Stem Cells ◽  
2009 ◽  
pp. N/A-N/A ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeria Sordi ◽  
Raffaella Melzi ◽  
Alessia Mercalli ◽  
Roberta Formicola ◽  
Claudio Doglioni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Mesenchymal Cells ◽  
Pancreatic Tissue ◽  
Islet Function

scholarly journals Mesenchymal cells appearing in pancreatic tissue culture are bone marrow-derived stem cells with the capacity to improve transplanted islet function

Stem Cells ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 386-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeria Sordi ◽  
Raffaella Melzi ◽  
Alessia Mercalli ◽  
Roberta Formicola ◽  
Claudio Doglioni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Mesenchymal Cells ◽  
Pancreatic Tissue ◽  
Islet Function

scholarly journals The Cross-Talk between Myeloid and Mesenchymal Stem Cells of Human Bone Marrow Represents a Biomarker of Aging That Regulates Immune Response and Bone Reabsorption

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Maria Elisa Perico ◽  
Tommaso Maluta ◽  
Giamaica Conti ◽  
Antonio Vella ◽  
Lisa Provezza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Suppressor Cells ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Mesenchymal Cells ◽  
Cell Contact ◽  
Biomarkers Of Aging

One of the mechanisms that characterizes the aging process of different organs is the accumulation of fat. Different authors have demonstrated that adipose tissue replaces the loss of other cell types, deriving from mesenchymal cells. During aging, there is substitution or trans-differentiation of mesenchymal cells with other cells having the same embryological origin. Newly formed adipocytes were also observed in the trabecular matrix of elderly people’s bones, associated with myeloid cells. In this study, we have investigated the relationship between immature myeloid-derived suppressor cells (I-MDSCs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in bone marrow (BM) samples harvested from 57 patients subjected to different orthopedic surgeries. Patients aged from 18 to 92 years were considered in order to compare the cellular composition of bone marrow of young and elderly people, considered a biomarker of immunity, inflammation, and bone preservation. The I-MDSC percentage was stable during aging, but in elderly people, it was possible to observe a strong basal immunosuppression of autologous and heterologous T cells’ proliferation. We hypothesized that this pattern observed in elders depends on the progressive accumulation in the BM of activating stimuli, including cell–cell contact, or the production of different cytokines and proteins that induce the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in adipocytes. The collected data provided underline the importance of specific biomarkers of aging that promote a reduction in immune response and incremented inflammatory pathways, leading to bone reabsorption in elderly people.

Reduced graphene oxide facilitates biocompatibility of alginate for cardiac repair

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 363-377
Author(s):  
Negar Karimi Hajishoreh ◽  
Nafiseh Baheiraei ◽  
Nasim Naderi ◽  
Mojdeh Salehnia
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Reduced Graphene Oxide ◽  
Cardiac Repair ◽  
Reduced Graphene ◽  
Tissue Culture Plate

The benefits of combined cell/material therapy appear promising for myocardial infarction treatment. The safety of alginate, along with its excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability, has been extensively investigated for cardiac tissue engineering. Among graphene-based nanomaterials, reduced graphene oxide has been considered as a promising candidate for cardiac treatment due to its unique physicochemical properties. In this study, the reduced graphene oxide incorporation effect within alginate hydrogels was investigated for cardiac repair application. Reduced graphene oxide reinforced alginate properties, resulting in an increase in gel stiffness. The cytocompatibility of the hydrogels prepared with human bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells was assessed by the 3-(4,5dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazoliumbromide) assay. Following reduced graphene oxide addition, alginate-reduced graphene oxide retained significantly higher cell viability compared to that of alginate and cells cultured on tissue culture plates. Acridine orange/propidium iodide staining was also used to identify both viable and necrotic human bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells within the prepared hydrogels. After a 72-h culture, the percentage of viable cells was twice as much as those cultured on either alginate or tissue culture plate, reaching approximately 80%. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis was performed to assess gene expression of neonatal rat cardiac cells encapsulated on hydrogels for TrpT-2, Conx43, and Actn4 after 7 days. The expression of all genes in alginate-reduced graphene oxide increased significantly compared to that in alginate or tissue culture plate. The results obtained confirmed that the presence of reduced graphene oxide, as an electro-active moiety within alginate, could tune the physicochemical properties of this material, providing a desirable electroactive hydrogel for stem cell therapy in patients with ischemic heart disease.

scholarly journals The human CD34 hematopoietic stem cell antigen promoter and a 3' enhancer direct hematopoietic expression in tissue culture

Blood ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 80 (12) ◽  
pp. 3051-3059 ◽  
Author(s):  
TC Burn ◽  
AB Satterthwaite ◽  
DG Tenen
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Progenitor Cell ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Culture Cells ◽  
Human Cd34 ◽  
Tissue Culture Cells

Abstract The human CD34 hematopoietic stem cell antigen is a highly glycosylated type 1 membrane protein of unknown function. CD34 is expressed on 1% to 4% of bone marrow cells, including pluripotent stem cells and committed progenitors of each hematopoietic lineage. CD34 has also been shown to be expressed on the small vessel endothelium of a variety of tissues and on a subset of bone marrow stromal cells. We have chosen to use the human CD34 gene as model to examine the transcription factors and cis-elements required for stem cell/progenitor cell-specific gene regulation. We show here that the CD34 gene is transcriptionally regulated in tissue culture cells. Using a luciferase reporter gene, we have isolated and characterized an active CD34 promoter. A CD34- luciferase construct, containing 4.5 kb of 5′ flanking DNA from a CD34 genomic clone, was 30-fold more active in CD34+ tissue culture cells than in HeLa cells. Sequences from the 3′ end of the CD34 gene were shown to have enhancing activity in CD34+ T-lymphoblastic RPMI-8402 cells and not in CD34- U937 cells or in nonhematopoietic HeLa cells. We also show that a cytidine-guanosine island in the 5′ end of the CD34 gene is heavily methylated in two CD34- hematopoietic cell lines and demethylated in two CD34+ cell lines. Analysis of the CD34 promoter should result in the identification of stem cell/progenitor cell- specific transcription factors and should provide a means to direct the expression of heterologous genes in hematopoietic stem cells and progenitors.

Specific plasma membrane protein phenotype of culture-amplified and native human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells

Blood ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 111 (5) ◽  
pp. 2631-2635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Delorme ◽  
Jochen Ringe ◽  
Nathalie Gallay ◽  
Yves Le Vern ◽  
Dominique Kerboeuf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Membrane Protein ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Cells ◽  
Plasma Membrane Protein ◽  
Native Bone ◽  
Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells

We have studied the plasma membrane protein phenotype of human culture-amplified and native bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM MSCs). We have found, using microarrays and flow cytometry, that cultured cells express specifically 113 transcripts and 17 proteins that were not detected in hematopoietic cells. These antigens define a lineage-homogenous cell population of mesenchymal cells, clearly distinct from the hematopoietic lineages, and distinguishable from other cultured skeletal mesenchymal cells (periosteal cells and synovial fibroblasts). Among the specific membrane proteins present on cultured MSCs, 9 allowed the isolation from BM mononuclear cells of a minute population of native MSCs. The enrichment in colony-forming units–fibroblasts was low for CD49b, CD90, and CD105, but high for CD73, CD130, CD146, CD200, and integrin alphaV/beta5. In addition, the expression of CD73, CD146, and CD200 was down-regulated in differentiated cells. The new marker CD200, because of its specificity and immunomodulatory properties, deserves further in-depth studies.

scholarly journals Contribution of bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells to adult mouse inner ear: Mesenchymal cells and fibrocytes

2006 ◽  
Vol 496 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hainan Lang ◽  
Yasuhiro Ebihara ◽  
Richard A. Schmiedt ◽  
Hitoshi Minamiguchi ◽  
Daohong Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cells ◽  
Inner Ear ◽  
Adult Mouse ◽  
Mesenchymal Cells ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem

scholarly journals Increased COUP-TFII Expression Mediates the Differentiation Imbalance of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Femoral Head Osteonecrosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng-Hao Wang ◽  
Guo-Hau Gou ◽  
Chia-Chun Wu ◽  
Hsain-Chung Shen ◽  
Leou-Chyr Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Femoral Head ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Mesenchymal Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Differentiation Potential ◽  
Femoral Head Osteonecrosis ◽  
Neck Fracture

Objective. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have multilineage differentiation potential, which allows them to progress to osteogenesis, adipogenesis, and chondrogenesis. An imbalance of differentiation between osteogenesis and adipogenesis will result in pathologic conditions inside the bone. This type of imbalance is also one of the pathological findings in osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH). Chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter-transcription factor II (COUP-TFII) was previously reported to mediate the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. This study investigated the expression of the osteogenesis regulator Runx2, osteocalcin, the adipogenesis regulator PPARγ, and COUP-TFII in the femoral head tissue harvested from ONFH patients, and characterized the effect of COUP-TFII on the differentiation of primary BMSCs. Methods. Thirty patients with ONFH were recruited and separated into 3 groups: the trauma-, steroid- and alcohol-induced ONFH groups (10 patients each). Bone specimens were harvested from patients who underwent hip arthroplasty, and another 10 specimens were harvested from femoral neck fracture patients as the control group. Expression of the osteogenesis regulator Runx2, osteocalcin, the adipogenesis regulator PPARγ, C/EBP-α, and COUP-TFII was analyzed by Western blotting. Primary bone marrow mesenchymal cells were harvested from ONFH cells treated with COUP-TFII RNA interference to evaluate the effect of COUP-TFII on MSCs. Results. ONFH patients had significantly increased expression of the adipogenesis regulator PPARγ and C/EBP-α and decreased expression of the osteogenesis regulator osteocalcin. ONFH bone tissue also revealed higher COUP-TFII expression. Immunohistochemical staining displayed strong COUP-TFII immunoreactivity adjacent to osteonecrotic trabecular bone. Increased COUP-TFII expression in the bone tissue correlated with increased PPARγ and decreased osteocalcin expression. Knockdown of COUP-TFII with siRNA in BMSCs reduced adipogenesis and increased osteogenesis in mesenchymal cells. Conclusion. Increased COUP-TFII expression mediates the imbalance of BMSC differentiation and progression to ONFH in patients. This study might reveal a new target in the treatment of ONFH.

Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Are Altered in B-Cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia.

Blood ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 112 (11) ◽  
pp. 2066-2066
Author(s):  
Céline Pebrel-Richard ◽  
Richard Veyrat Masson ◽  
Frédérique Dubois-Galopin ◽  
Jean-Jacques Guérin ◽  
Laurent Guillouard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Cell Clone ◽  
Mesenchymal Cells ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

Abstract In B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL), CD5+CD19+ malignant cells home into the bone marrow (BM) and circulate in the blood. While CLL tumor cells are not susceptible to apoptosis in vivo, they die rapidly in vitro in the absence of specialized non-hematopoietic feeder cells, such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). Recent observations have suggested that there is a functional relationship between B cell clone and the stroma. We have thus compared BM-MSC obtained from B-CLL patients and healthy subjects. We first evaluated the influence of in vitro culture conditions on the number of BM-derived CFU-F and the proliferation of MSC and, in parallel, we quantified in unmanipulated normal and malignant BM samples the CD45negCD14negCD73pos cell subset that was previously shown to contain CFU-F (Veyrat-Masson et al., BJH, 2007). Changes in the level of 42 cytokines/chemokines, were then evaluated in MSC-conditioned media (4 CLL vs 4 normal BM-MSCs) using protein-array (RayBio Human Cytokine Antibody Array IIITM, Tebu-bio SA,). In addition, total RNA was extracted (Rneasy MiniKit, Qiagen,) from 9 expanded MSC at passage 1 (P1) in the presence of bFGF (5 untreated B-CLL BM-MSC: 2 Binet stage A, 2 stage B and 1 stage C; 4 normal BM-MSC) and then reverse transcribed (High Capacity cDNA RT Kit, Applied BioSystems). Quantitative PCR reactions, using dedicated microfluid cards screening 384 selected genes, were then performed (TLDAs, Applied Biosystem Courtaboeuf, France). The expression of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) was used to normalize gene expression level. Despite a 16-fold increase in total cell numbers tested, we found that most BM-MSC cultures from B-CLL patients failed under standard culture conditions (IMDM/10%FCS), in contrast with our experience with normal BM (69 % n = 13 vs <0.05 % n = 205 ; p <0.005). In agreement, CD45negCD14negCD73pos cells were under the threshold of detection in most of B-CLL BM samples (11/16). In productive cultures, we found more CFU-F from B-CLL BM formed by large, polygonal mesenchymal cells (58.1 ± 12.7 % vs 11.4 ± 3.6 % ; p = 0.008 ). These cells proliferated poorly and in most cases could not be further amplified. The use of normal human AB serum, CLL serum, or bFGF enabled us to detect CFU-F in most malignant samples and to amplify mesenchymal cells (19/21 (90 %)), but their frequency remained lower than in control BM. By using protein-array, we observed that MSC tended to release lower amounts of IL-6, IL-7, and MCP-1 and sometimes higher amounts of IL-8. The concentrations of these cytokines/chemokines in the MSC culture supernatant are under validation by ELISA. Finally, among the 384 genes tested by RT-qPCR, we identified 16 statistically up-regulated genes and 41 down-regulated genes (Mann Whitney U test, P< .05; and SAM permutation analysis, FDR<5%). Up-regulated genes included several growth and angiogenic factors as well as key players of the stroma - tumor cell crosstalk. Most down-regulated genes were involved in differentiation pathways. Conclusions: These results show that the BM-MSC from B-CLL patients were quantitatively and functionally altered and are dependent for their in vitro growth on circulating soluble factors or on growth factors like bFGF. Interestingly, from this small series, we observed 57 differentially expressed genes which could be involved in the B-CLL specific stromal cell alterations previously reported (dysregulation of cytokine secretion, angiogenesis, host-tumor relationships). These findings suggest the possible permissive role of MSC on B-cell clone progression and raise the question as to whether we are dealing with selection of a mesenchymal subset or with alteration of mesenchymal cells induced by malignant B-cells

scholarly journals Improved Isolation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Based on Interactions between N-Acetylglucosamine-Bearing Polymers and Cell-Surface Vimentin

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hirohiko Ise ◽  
Kumiko Matsunaga ◽  
Marie Shinohara ◽  
Yasuyuki Sakai
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Binding Activity ◽  
Isolation System ◽  
Multiple Cell

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in bone marrow and adipose tissues are expected to be effective tools for regenerative medicine to treat various diseases. To obtain MSCs that possess both high differentiation and tissue regenerative potential, it is necessary to establish an isolation system that does not require long-term culture. It has previously been reported that the cytoskeletal protein vimentin, expressed on the surfaces of multiple cell types, possesses N-acetylglucosamine- (GlcNAc-) binding activity. Therefore, we tried to exploit this interaction to efficiently isolate MSCs from rat bone marrow cells using GlcNAc-bearing polymer-coated dishes. Cells isolated by this method were identified as MSCs because they were CD34-, CD45-, and CD11b/c-negative and CD90-, CD29-, CD44-, CD54-, CD73-, and CD105-positive. Osteoblast, adipocyte, and chondrocyte differentiation was observed in these cells. In total, yields of rat MSCs were threefold to fourfold higher using GlcNAc-bearing polymer-coated dishes than yields using conventional tissue-culture dishes. Interestingly, MSCs isolated with GlcNAc-bearing polymer-coated dishes strongly expressed CD106, whereas those isolated with conventional tissue-culture dishes had low CD106 expression. Moreover, senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity in MSCs from GlcNAc-bearing polymer-coated dishes was lower than that in MSCs from tissue-culture dishes. These results establish an improved isolation method for high-quality MSCs.

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