Research on the general method for extrapolating traffic load effects for highway bridges

Stahlbau ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 186-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weizhen Chen ◽  
Zhenlin Xie ◽  
Bochong Yan
Keyword(s):  
Highway Bridges ◽  
Traffic Load ◽  
Load Effects ◽  
General Method

scholarly journals Traffic load modelling and factors influencing the accuracy of predicted extremes

2005 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 270-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan O'Connor ◽  
Eugene J O'Brien
Keyword(s):  
Highway Bridges ◽  
Traffic Load ◽  
Remaining Life ◽  
Paper Briefly ◽  
Weigh In Motion ◽  
Extreme Load ◽  
Load Effects ◽  
Recorded Data ◽  
Characteristic Values ◽  
Evolution With Time

Design and assessment of highway bridges requires accurate prediction of the extreme load effects expected during the proposed or remaining life of the structure. Traditionally these effects are calculated using conservative codified deterministic loading models. While this conservatism is relatively insignificant in design, it may be critical in assessment. Advances in weigh-in-motion (WIM) technology, i.e., the process of weighing trucks travelling at full highway speeds, have increased the availability of accurate and unbiased site-specific traffic records. Assessments performed using WIM data are generally accepted as less conservative than those performed using generalized codified loading models. This paper briefly describes traffic simulation using WIM statistics. The implications of the accuracy of the recorded data and the duration of recording and of the sensitivity of the extreme to the method of prediction are investigated. Traffic evolution with time is also explored. The conclusions are of interest to engineers performing assessment of existing bridges.Key words: bridge, load effects, characteristic values, simulation, traffic flow, Monte Carlo, weigh-in-motion.

scholarly journals Reliability performance of bridges designed according to TMH7 NA load model

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
R Lenner ◽  
S E Basson ◽  
M Sýkora ◽  
P F Sýkora
Keyword(s):  
Highway Bridges ◽  
Traffic Load ◽  
Critical Element ◽  
Load Model ◽  
Simply Supported ◽  
Code Of Practice ◽  
First Case ◽  
Load Effects ◽  
Reliability Performance

The current code of practice for the design of highway bridges in South Africa is called Technical Methods for Highways 7 (TMH7). It was first published in 1981 and is largely based on the loading provisions of the BS5400. The purpose of this study is to carry out an investigation into the reliability performance of new highway bridges designed according to TMH7. Past studies have identified deficiencies in the traffic load model. A case study considering isolated traffic load effects and sagging moment on a simply supported bridge indicates that NA loading generally performs well for spans ranging from 15 to 50 metres. However, a poor reliability performance is seen for short-span narrow bridges, especially for 5 m and 10 m spans where the number of traffic lanes is equal to the number of notional lanes for NA loading. To study the reliability performance of a critical element, flexural behaviour of a 20 m twin-spine simply supported deck is then investigated. The results agree with the first case study. It is, however, recommended to verify the presented findings by investigation based on data from other heavy-freight routes and to account for continuous structures and shear load effects.

scholarly journals Characteristic dynamic traffic load effects in bridges

2009 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 1607-1612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugene J. OBrien ◽  
Paraic Rattigan ◽  
Arturo González ◽  
Jason Dowling ◽  
Aleš Žnidarič
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Load ◽  
Dynamic Traffic ◽  
Load Effects ◽  
Characteristic Dynamic

Modeling maximum live load effects on highway bridges

2008 ◽  
pp. 335-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bala Sivakumar ◽  
Fred Moses ◽  
Michel Ghosn
Keyword(s):  
Highway Bridges ◽  
Live Load ◽  
Load Effects

scholarly journals Vehicle-Assisted Techniques for Health Monitoring of Bridges

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 3460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoofar Shokravi ◽  
Hooman Shokravi ◽  
Norhisham Bakhary ◽  
Mahshid Heidarrezaei ◽  
Seyed Saeid Rahimian Koloor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Autonomous Vehicle ◽  
Highway Bridges ◽  
Traffic Load ◽  
Monitoring Methods ◽  
Conventional Vehicle ◽  
Weigh In Motion ◽  
Moving Vehicles ◽  
Existing Bridges ◽  
Future Work

Bridges are designed to withstand different types of loads, including dead, live, environmental, and occasional loads during their service period. Moving vehicles are the main source of the applied live load on bridges. The applied load to highway bridges depends on several traffic parameters such as weight of vehicles, axle load, configuration of axles, position of vehicles on the bridge, number of vehicles, direction, and vehicle’s speed. The estimation of traffic loadings on bridges are generally notional and, consequently, can be excessively conservative. Hence, accurate prediction of the in-service performance of a bridge structure is very desirable and great savings can be achieved through the accurate assessment of the applied traffic load in existing bridges. In this paper, a review is conducted on conventional vehicle-based health monitoring methods used for bridges. Vision-based, weigh in motion (WIM), bridge weigh in motion (BWIM), drive-by and vehicle bridge interaction (VBI)-based models are the methods that are generally used in the structural health monitoring (SHM) of bridges. The performance of vehicle-assisted methods is studied and suggestions for future work in this area are addressed, including alleviating the downsides of each approach to disentangle the complexities, and adopting intelligent and autonomous vehicle-assisted methods for health monitoring of bridges.

scholarly journals Evaluating Probabilistic Traffic Load Effects on Large Bridges Using Long-Term Traffic Monitoring Data

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (22) ◽  
pp. 5056 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu ◽  
Ma ◽  
Liu
Keyword(s):  
Control Measure ◽  
Heavy Traffic ◽  
Suspension Bridge ◽  
Traffic Monitoring ◽  
Traffic Load ◽  
Monitoring Data ◽  
Traffic Density ◽  
Maximum Deflection ◽  
Load Effects ◽  
Crossing Theory

With the steadily growing of global transportation market, the traffic load has increased dramatically over the past decades, which may develop into a risk source for existing bridges. The simultaneous presence of heavy trucks that are random in nature governs the serviceability limit for large bridges. This study investigated probabilistic traffic load effects on large bridges under actual heavy traffic load. Initially, critical stochastic traffic loading scenarios were simulated based on millions of traffic monitoring data in a highway bridge in China. A methodology of extrapolating maximum traffic load effects was presented based on the level-crossing theory. The effectiveness of the proposed method was demonstrated by probabilistic deflection investigation of a suspension bridge. Influence of traffic density variation and overloading control on the maximum deflection was investigated as recommendations for designers and managers. The numerical results show that the congested traffic mostly governs the critical traffic load effects on large bridges. Traffic growth results in higher maximum deformations and probabilities of failure of the bridge in its lifetime. Since the critical loading scenario contains multi-types of overloaded trucks, an effective overloading control measure has a remarkable influence on the lifetime maximum deflection. The stochastic traffic model and corresponding computational framework is expected to be developed to more types of bridges.

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