A Review of Steel Scrap Melting in Molten Iron‐Carbon Melts

2019 ◽  
Vol 90 (8) ◽  
pp. 1900124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian M. Penz ◽  
Johannes Schenk
Keyword(s):  
Molten Iron ◽  
Steel Scrap ◽  
Scrap Melting

scholarly journals Diffusive steel scrap melting in carbon-saturated hot metal—phenomenological investigation at the solid–liquid interface

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Penz ◽  
Schenk ◽  
Ammer ◽  
Klösch ◽  
Pastucha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Carbon Concentration ◽  
Steel Production ◽  
Production Optimization ◽  
Steel Scrap ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Hot Metal ◽  
Scrap Melting ◽  
Solid Liquid Interface ◽  
Solid Liquid

The oxygen steelmaking process in a Linz-Donawitz (LD) converter is responsible for more than 70% of annual crude steel production. Optimization of the process control and numerical simulation of the LD converter are some of the current challenges in ferrous metallurgical research. Because of the process conditions and oxidation of impurities of the hot metal, a lot of chemical heat is generated. Therefore, steel scrap is charged as a coolant with the economical side aspect of its recycling. One of the more complex aspects is, among others, the dissolution and melting behaviour of the scrap in carbon-saturated hot metal. Heat and mass transfer act simultaneously, which has already been investigated by several researchers using different experimental approaches. The appearances at the interface between solid steel and liquid hot metal during diffusive scrap melting have been described theoretically but never investigated in detail. After an experimental investigation under natural and forced convective conditions, the samples were further investigated with optical microscopy and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA). A steep carbon concentration gradient in the liquid appeared, which started at an interface carbon concentration equal to the concentration on the solid side of the interface. Moreover, the boundary layer thickness moved towards zero, which symbolized that the boundary layer theory based on thermodynamic equilibrium was not valid. This fact was concluded through the prevailing dynamic conditions formed by natural and forced convection.

Kinetics of Steel Scrap Melting in Molten Fe-C Bath

2000 ◽  
Vol 19 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 241-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liviu C. Brabie, ◽  
Masahiro Kawakami,
Keyword(s):  
Steel Scrap ◽  
Scrap Melting ◽  
Kinetics Of

scholarly journals Analysis of the Scrap Melting Rate in High Carbon Molten Iron

1990 ◽  
Vol 76 (11) ◽  
pp. 2033-2040 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kohichi ISOBE ◽  
Hirobumi MAEDE ◽  
Kosaku OZAWA ◽  
Kazushige UMEZAWA ◽  
Chicara SAITO
Keyword(s):  
Melting Rate ◽  
Molten Iron ◽  
High Carbon ◽  
Scrap Melting

scholarly journals Scrap-melting Operation by Shaft Furnace using all Blast Furnace Coke and Steel Scrap

2013 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akihiko Shinotake ◽  
Masaaki Naito ◽  
Yasuhiko Omatsu ◽  
Kazushi Akagi ◽  
Jun Tsubota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Shaft Furnace ◽  
Steel Scrap ◽  
Scrap Melting ◽  
Blast Furnace Coke ◽  
Melting Operation ◽  
Furnace Coke

Analyses and Calculation of Steel Scrap Melting in a Multifunctional Hot Metal Ladle

2018 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 1800435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuai Deng ◽  
Anjun Xu ◽  
Guang Yang ◽  
Hongbing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Steel Scrap ◽  
Hot Metal ◽  
Scrap Melting ◽  
Hot Metal Ladle

Modeling of Scrap Dissolution in Molten Iron for the Case of Heat Transfer-Controlled Process by Different Approaches and Comparison of Their Accuracies

2019 ◽  
Vol 142 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajay Kumar Shukla ◽  
Brahma Deo ◽  
D. G. C. Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Finite Difference Methods ◽  
Molten Iron ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Dissolution Time ◽  
Steel Scrap ◽  
Time Step ◽  
Parabolic Profile ◽  
Static Approach ◽  
Numerical Approaches

Abstract Dissolution of steel scrap in molten iron is studied by using analytical as well as numerical approaches for the case of a heat transfer-controlled process. The approaches used are Green's function approach, quasi-static approach, integral profile method (IPM) (with parabolic profile), and finite difference methods (FDM). Application of FDM explicit and FDM implicit with fixed grid and variable grid is described. Accuracy of all the approaches is compared in terms of total dissolution time evaluated from overall heat balance criterion. The selection rule of time step and deciding the suitable approach for achieving minimum error for different operating conditions, represented by nondimensional Biot number, are described in this paper.

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