Three‐dimensional gynaecological ultrasound part two: A pictorial essay

Sonography ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison Deslandes ◽  
Anthea Croft ◽  
Catrina Panuccio
2021 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Dalaqua ◽  
Felipe Barjud Pereira do Nascimento ◽  
Larissa Kaori Miura ◽  
Fabiano Reis ◽  
Márcio Ricardo Taveira Garcia ◽  
...  

Abstract The cranial nerves, which represent extensions of the functional structures of the brain, traverse the head and neck. They are connected to various cranial structures and are associated with several diseases. An in-depth understanding of their complex anatomy and normal imaging appearance allows the examiner to identify and characterize abnormalities with greater precision. One important tool for evaluating the cranial nerves is contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging, especially three-dimensional steady-state free precession sequences, which provide high soft-tissue and spatial resolution, despite the slenderness of the nerves. In most cases, imaging findings are nonspecific. Therefore, to narrow the differential diagnosis, it is necessary to take a full patient anamnesis, perform a focused physical examination and order laboratory tests. In this pictorial essay we review, illustrate and discuss, from a pathophysiological perspective, congenital, traumatic, and vascular diseases of the cranial nerves.


2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (S1) ◽  
pp. 362-362
Author(s):  
K. Agholor ◽  
C. Odionwunaka ◽  
P. Opomu ◽  
A. Olumami‐Oyibo ◽  
C. Ojie

Radiographics ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 1311-1321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Liu ◽  
Jian Ping Lu ◽  
Fei Wang ◽  
Li Wang ◽  
Jian Min Tian

2007 ◽  
Vol 276 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastião Marques Zanforlin Filho ◽  
Edward Araujo Júnior ◽  
Hélio Antonio Guimarães Filho ◽  
Claudio Rodrigues Pires ◽  
Luciano Marcondes Machado Nardozza ◽  
...  

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Araujo Junior ◽  
Liliam Cristine Rolo ◽  
Gabriele Tonni ◽  
Sina Haeri ◽  
Rodrigo Ruano

We present our experience in the contribution of three-dimensional ultrasonography, using the rendering mode, to the prenatal diagnosis of congenital anomalies including neurological defects (acrania/anencephaly, encephalocele, holoprosencephaly), facial anomalies (cyclopia and facial clefts), abdominal wall defects (omphalocele and gastroschisis) and defects of extremities (fetal muscle-skeletal dysplasias). Three-dimensional ultrasonography may contribute to improve the prenatal diagnosis with further revision of the fetal images, allowing a better prenatal counsel to the parents.


2012 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lívia Teresa Moreira Rios ◽  
Edward Araujo ◽  
Luciano Marcondes Machado Nardozza ◽  
Ana Carolina Rabachini Caetano ◽  
Antonio Fernandes Moron ◽  
...  

Schizencephaly is a brain-destructive lesion relating to clefts in the fetal brain that usually communicate with the ventricular system, subarachnoid space, or both. It presents as two types: Type I (closed) and Type II (open). During pregnancy, it may be suspected in the course of ultrasonography, which highlights ventricular dilatation and brain abnormalities. Usually, the diagnosis is confirmed postnatally using trans-fontanel ultrasonography. The etiology of schizencephaly is still unknown, but it may be derived from a primary disorder of brain development or from bilateral middle cerebral artery occlusion. Many causative agents including vascular insult, infections, toxins, and medications have been associated with this malformation. We present a pictorial essay of six cases of schizencephaly that were suspected on prenatal ultrasound scans and confirmed postnatally by trans-fontanel, two-dimensional and three-dimensional ultrasonography.


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