Amorphous CdO‐In 2 O 3 Electrode for Perovskite‐based Bifacial and Tandem Photovoltaic Technologies with High Energy Production

Solar RRL ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanhang Cheng ◽  
Zixin Zeng ◽  
Tianyuan Liu ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
Carlos D. Rodríguez-Gallegos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Production ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Photovoltaic Technologies

Assessing desalination as a sustainable alternative using a multiple criteria decision support model

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. B. Fernandes ◽  
M. C. Almeida ◽  
A. G. Henriques
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Multiple Criteria ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Decision Support Model

Desalination technologies provide an alternative for potable water production, having significant potential for application where fresh water scarcity exists. Potential benefits have to be balanced with other factors, such as high costs, high energy consumption, and significant environmental impacts, for the understanding of real risks and gains of desalination within the context of integrated water resources management. Multiple factors can be considered when analysing the viability of a desalination project but often a limited approach is used. The complexity in the analysis lies in finding the alternatives that obey to multiple objectives (e.g. reduced environmental impact, social acceptance, less cost associated). In this paper, development of a methodology based on multiple criteria decision support system for the evaluation and ranking the potential of desalination technologies is described and applied to a Portuguese case study. Relevant factors to the selection of desalination technologies were identified using SWOT analysis and the MACBETH (Measuring Attractiveness by a Categorical Based Evaluation Technique) approach was applied. Technical alternatives considered include reverse osmosis and multi-effect desalination (MED), together with energy production by fossil fuels or solar energy. Production of water by conventional approaches was also considered. Results, for non-economic benefits, show higher score for MED solar but, in the cost-benefit analysis, conventional methods of water production have higher ranking since costs of renewable energies are not yet competitive. However, even if not preferred in economic terms, desalination is ranked significantly above the conventional approaches for non-economic criteria.

Loss of the mitochondrial phosphate carrier SLC25A3 induces remodeling of the cardiac mitochondrial protein acylome

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica N. Peoples ◽  
Nasab Ghazal ◽  
Duc M. Duong ◽  
Katherine R. Hardin ◽  
Janet R. Manning ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Production ◽  
Mitochondrial Protein ◽  
Atp Synthesis ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Mitochondrial Proteins ◽  
Isocitrate Dehydrogenase 2 ◽  
Signaling Organelles ◽  
Specific Pathway ◽  
Phosphate Carrier

Mitochondria are recognized as signaling organelles because, under stress, mitochondria can trigger various signaling pathways to coordinate the cell's response. The specific pathway(s) engaged by mitochondria in response to mitochondrial energy defects in vivo and in high-energy tissues like the heart are not fully understood. Here, we investigated cardiac pathways activated in response to mitochondrial energy dysfunction by studying mice with cardiomyocyte-specific loss of the mitochondrial phosphate carrier (SLC25A3), an established model that develops cardiomyopathy as a result of defective mitochondrial ATP synthesis. Mitochondrial energy dysfunction induced a striking pattern of acylome remodeling, with significantly increased post-translational acetylation and malonylation. Mass spectrometry-based proteomics further revealed that energy dysfunction-induced remodeling of the acetylome and malonylome preferentially impacts mitochondrial proteins. Acetylation and malonylation modified a highly interconnected interactome of mitochondrial proteins, and both modifications were present on the enzyme isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 (IDH2). Intriguingly, IDH2 activity was enhanced in SLC25A3-deleted mitochondria, and further study of IDH2 sites targeted by both acetylation and malonylation revealed that these modifications can have site-specific and distinct functional effects. Finally, we uncovered a novel crosstalk between the two modifications, whereby mitochondrial energy dysfunction-induced acetylation of sirtuin 5 (SIRT5), inhibited its function. Because SIRT5 is a mitochondrial deacylase with demalonylase activity, this finding suggests that acetylation can modulate the malonylome. Together, our results position acylations as an arm of the mitochondrial response to energy dysfunction and suggest a mechanism by which focal disruption to the energy production machinery can have an expanded impact on global mitochondrial function.

Nuclear Structure and High-Energy Production Processes

1975 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
pp. 622-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Camillo ◽  
Paul M. Fishbane ◽  
J. S. Trefil
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Structure ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Production Processes

Transmural bioenergetic responses of normal myocardium to high workstates

1995 ◽  
Vol 268 (5) ◽  
pp. H1891-H1905 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Zhang ◽  
D. J. Duncker ◽  
Y. Xu ◽  
Y. Zhang ◽  
G. Path ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Outer Layer ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Canine Model ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Subepicardial Layer ◽  
Lactate Uptake ◽  
Inorganic Phosphates ◽  
Inotropic Stimulation

The response of myocardial high-energy and inorganic phosphates (HEP and Pi, respectively) and associated changes in myocardial blood flow, lactate uptake, and O2 consumption (MVo2) rates were examined in an open-chest canine model during progressively increasing workloads achieved by catecholamine infusion. HEP and Pi levels (measured with transmurally localized 31P-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy) were unaffected by moderate increases in the level of energy expenditure but were significantly altered by high workloads, especially in the subepicardium. The MVo2 and HEP data from three different protocols that utilized pharmacological augmentation of blood flow demonstrated that the maximal rate of myocardial energy production during inotropic stimulation was dictated by perfusion limitation. This limitation was more severe in the subepicardial layer at the high workloads despite equivalent or even higher increases in blood flow to this layer, reflecting a preferential enhancement of demand in the outer layer by catecholamines. In contrast, under basal conditions, existence of a marginal perfusion limitation was evident in the inner but not in the outer layer.

scholarly journals A temporal dissociation of energy liberation and high energy phosphate splitting during shortening in frog skeletal muscles.

1976 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
J A Rall ◽  
E Homsher ◽  
A Wallner ◽  
W F Mommaerts
Keyword(s):  
Stimulus Pattern ◽  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Rana Pipiens ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Energy Liberation ◽  
High Energy Phosphate ◽  
Contracting Muscle ◽  
Mechanical Measurements

Measurements of the time course of high energy phosphate splitting and energy liberation were performed on rapidly shortening Rana pipiens skeletal muscles. In muscles contracting 30 times against small loads (less the 0.02P), the ratio of explained heat + work (H + W) (calculated from the measured high energy phosphate splitting) to observed H + W (from myothermal and mechanical measurements) was 0.68 +/- 0.08 and is in agreement with results obtained in isometric tetani of R. pipiens skeletal muscle. In lightly afterloaded muscles which were tetanized for 0.6a and whose metabolism was arrested at 3.0 s after the beginning of stimulation, a similar ratio of explained H + W to observed H + W was obtained. However, in identical contractions in which metabolism was arrested at 0.5-0.75 s after the beginning of stimulation, the ratio of explained H + W to observed H + W declined significantly to values ranging from 0.15 to 0.40. These results suggest that rapid shortening at the beginning of contraction induces a delay between energy production and measurable high energy phosphate splitting. This interpretation was tested and confirmed in experiments in which one muscle of a pair contracted isometrically while the other contracted against a small afterload. The afterload and stimulus pattern were arranged so that at the time metabolism was arrested, 0.5 s after the beginning of stimulation, the total energy production by both muscles was the same. Chemical analysis revealed that the isotonically contracting muscle spilt only 25% as much high energy phosphate as did the isometrically contracting muscle.

Analysis of the reaction pp → p(ππ)0 p, and the question of double pomeron exchange in high-energy production processes

1973 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 282-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Idschok ◽  
P. Kobe ◽  
F. Selonke ◽  
B. Wessels ◽  
V. Blobel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Production ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Pomeron Exchange ◽  
Production Processes

scholarly journals Nonlinear force driven plasma blocks igniting solid density hydrogen boron: Laser fusion energy without radioactivity

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 491-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Hora ◽  
G.H. Miley ◽  
N. Azizi ◽  
B. Malekynia ◽  
M. Ghoranneviss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Production ◽  
Radiation Effects ◽  
Fusion Energy ◽  
Laser Pulses ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Nuclear Radiation ◽  
Laser Fusion ◽  
Surprising Result ◽  
Neutron Generation ◽  
Alternative Scheme

AbstractEnergy production by laser driven fusion energy is highly matured by spherical compression and ignition of deuterium-tritium (DT) fuel. An alternative scheme is the fast ignition where petawatt (PW)-picosecond (ps) laser pulses are used. A significant anomaly was measured and theoretically analyzed with very clean PW-ps laser pulses for avoiding relativistic self focusing. This permits a come-back of the side-on ignition scheme of uncompressed solid DT, which is in essential contrast to the spherical compression scheme. The conditions of side-on ignition thresholds needed exorbitantly high energy flux densities E*. These conditions are now in reach by using PW-ps laser pulses to verify side-on ignition for DT. Generalizing this to side-on igniting solid state density proton-Boron-11 (HB11) arrives at the surprising result that this is one order of magnitude more difficult than the DT fusion. This is in contrast to the well known impossibility of igniting HB11 by spherical laser compression and may offer fusion energy production with exclusion of neutron generation and nuclear radiation effects with a minimum of heat pollution in power stations and application for long mission space propulsion.

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