Anisotropic Magnetic Colloids: A Strategy to Form Complex Structures Using Nonspherical Building Blocks

Small ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (17) ◽  
pp. 1957-1962 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie H. Lee ◽  
Chekesha M. Liddell
Keyword(s):  
Building Blocks ◽  
Complex Structures ◽  
Form Complex ◽  
Magnetic Colloids

scholarly journals Hemoglobin-driven iron-directed assembly of gold nanoparticles

RSC Advances ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (28) ◽  
pp. 15675-15686 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacquelyn G. Egan ◽  
Nicole Drossis ◽  
Iraklii I. Ebralidze ◽  
Holly M. Fruehwald ◽  
Nadia O. Laschuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Directed Assembly ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Form Complex

The ability to form complex 3D architectures using nanoparticles as the building blocks and complex macromolecules that direct these assemblies remains a challenging objective for nanotechnology.

scholarly journals Programmed assembly of oppositely charged homogeneously decorated and Janus particles

2016 ◽  
Vol 191 ◽  
pp. 89-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alina Kirillova ◽  
Georgi Stoychev ◽  
Alla Synytska
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Electrostatic Interactions ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Janus Particles ◽  
Complex Structures ◽  
Janus Particle ◽  
Micro Structures ◽  
Oppositely Charged ◽  
Particle Assemblies ◽  
Programmed Assembly

The exploitation of colloidal building blocks with morphological and functional anisotropy facilitates the generation of complex structures with unique properties, which are not exhibited by isotropic particle assemblies. Herein, we demonstrate an easy and scalable bottom-up approach for the programmed assembly of hairy oppositely charged homogeneously decorated and Janus particles based on electrostatic interactions mediated by polyelectrolytes grafted onto their surface. Two different assembly routes are proposed depending on the target structures: raspberry-like/half-raspberry-like or dumbbell-like micro-clusters. Ultimately, stable symmetric and asymmetric micro-structures could be obtained in a well-controlled manner for the homogeneous–homogeneous and homogeneous–Janus particle assemblies, respectively. The spatially separated functionalities of the asymmetric Janus particle-based micro-clusters allow their further assembly into complex hierarchical constructs, which may potentially lead to the design of materials with tailored plasmonics and optical properties.

Organization of Nanowires into Complex 3D Assemblies by Template Electrodeposition

2012 ◽  
Vol 1439 ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
Markus Rauber ◽  
Wolfgang Ensinger
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Deposition ◽  
Direct Synthesis ◽  
Hierarchical Structures ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Template Method ◽  
Complex Structures ◽  
Synthesis Routes ◽  
Ion Track Template

ABSTRACTTo realize applications based on nanowires, the development of methods that allow the organization of nanostructures into integrated arrangements is crucial. While many different methods exist, the direct synthesis of complex nanowire structures is one of the most suitable approaches to efficiently connect numerous nanostructures to the macroscopic world. The fabrication of various 3D nanowire assemblies including arrays, networks, and hierarchical structures by combining specifically designed template materials with electrochemical deposition is demonstrated. The ion track template method is extended to create more complex structures by changing template production and electrodeposition parameters. In contrast to current synthesis routes, it is possible to independently control many of the parameters defining both (i) characteristics of individual nanowires (including dimensions and composition) and (ii) the arrangement of the nanoscale building blocks into nanowire assemblies determined by nanowire orientation and integration level. Results that highlight the benefits arising from the design of advanced 3D nanowire architectures are presented.

scholarly journals Lattice-based Monte Carlo simulation of the effects of nutrient concentration and magnetic field exposure on yeast colony growth and morphology

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Rebekah Hall ◽  
Daniel A. Charlebois
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Colony Growth ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Complex Structures ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Field Exposure ◽  
Form Complex ◽  
Physico Chemical

Yeasts exist in communities that expand over space and time to form complex structures and patterns. We developed a lattice-based framework to perform spatial-temporal Monte Carlo simulations of budding yeast colonies exposed to different nutrient and magnetic field conditions. The budding patterns of haploid and diploid yeast cells were incorporated into the framework, as well as the filamentous growth that occurs in yeast colonies under nutrient limiting conditions. Simulation of the framework predicted that magnetic fields decrease colony growth rate, solidity, and roundness. Magnetic field simulations further predicted that colony elongation and boundary fluctuations increase in a nutrient- and ploidy-dependent manner. These in-silico predictions are an important step towards understanding the effects of the physico-chemical environment on microbial colonies and for informing bioelectromagnetic experiments on yeast colony biofilms and fungal pathogens.

A Novel, Fast and Efficient One-Pot Three-Component Procedure for the Preparation of New Imidazolidinone Derivatives from Isocyanide, Aldehyde and Urea

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 646-651
Author(s):  
Hamidreza Safaei ◽  
Neda Firoozi ◽  
Mahboobeh Zebarjadian ◽  
Seyed Ali Jehbez ◽  
Maryam Safaei
Keyword(s):  
Green Chemistry ◽  
Ammonium Chloride ◽  
Good Yield ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Inorganic Compound ◽  
Automated Synthesis ◽  
Complex Structures ◽  
Atom Economy ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Straightforward Method

Background: Multicomponent processes have played powerful roles in achieving complex structures, which are also aligned with green chemistry. Thus, MCRs have attracted considerable interest due to their atom economy, simple experimental procedures, automated synthesis, convenience and synthetic efficiency. Isocyanides are one of the crucial starting material in designing MCRs methods. They are unique building blocks in many cycloaddition reactions since they are able to react with both nucleophiles and electrophiles at the same carbon. Furthermore, ammonium chloride is an inorganic compound that is highly soluble in water, inexpensive and commercially available. Solutions of ammonium chloride are mildly acidic and have been used in various reactions. Objective: This article focuses on design a convenient and straightforward method for assembling important scaffolds such imidazolidinones through one-pot three-component strategy. Conclusion: The straightforward and efficient one-pot three component method for the synthesis of 4-(cyclohexylmethylene)-5-phenylimidazolidin-2-one derivatives is described. This reaction exploits the formation of imine, which undergoes spontaneous intermolecular cycloaddition with isocyanide, and generates the desired products in a good yield.

Functional self-assembling polypeptide bionanomaterials

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 629-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tibor Doles ◽  
Sabina Božič ◽  
Helena Gradišar ◽  
Roman Jerala
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Biological Systems ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Coiled Coil ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
External Signal ◽  
Form Complex ◽  
Cell Factories ◽  
Self Assembling

Bionanotechnology seeks to modify and design new biopolymers and their applications and uses biological systems as cell factories for the production of nanomaterials. Molecular self-assembly as the main organizing principle of biological systems is also the driving force for the assembly of artificial bionanomaterials. Protein domains and peptides are particularly attractive as building blocks because of their ability to form complex three-dimensional assemblies from a combination of at least two oligomerization domains that have the oligomerization state of at least two and three respectively. In the present paper, we review the application of polypeptide-based material for the formation of material with nanometre-scale pores that can be used for the separation. Use of antiparallel coiled-coil dimerization domains introduces the possibility of modulation of pore size and chemical properties. Assembly or disassembly of bionanomaterials can be regulated by an external signal as demonstrated by the coumermycin-induced dimerization of the gyrase B domain which triggers the formation of polypeptide assembly.

Complementary JFET Logic for Low-Power Applications in Extreme Environments

2013 ◽  
Vol 740-742 ◽  
pp. 1052-1055
Author(s):  
H. Habib ◽  
N.G. Wright ◽  
A.B. Horsfall
Keyword(s):  
Power Dissipation ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Supply Voltage ◽  
Extreme Environments ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Silicon On Insulator ◽  
Complex Structures ◽  
Noise Margin ◽  
Static Power ◽  
Logic Functions

The static and dynamic characteristics of Complementary JFET (CJFET) logic inverter are studied across a range of temperatures and supply voltages to assess potential improvements in performance of digital logic functions for operation in extreme environments. The logic inverter is truly the core of all digital designs. The design and analysis of inverter enables the design of more complex structures, such as NAND, NOR and XOR gates. These complex structures in turn form the building blocks for modules, such as adders, multipliers and microprocessors. At 500 deg C and operating at a supply voltage of 1 V, the CJFET inverter have noise margin comparable to that of room temperature silicon and silicon on insulator CMOS inverters. Furthermore, the static power dissipation by CJFET inverter at 500 deg C is 20.6 nW which is six orders of magnitude lower than that by current SiC technologies, making CJFET technology ideal for achieving complex logic functions, far greater than a few-transistors ICs, in the nearer term.

Neuronal Diversity In The Retina

e-Neuroforum ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp Berens ◽  
Thomas Euler
Keyword(s):  
Building Blocks ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Neuronal Diversity ◽  
Form Complex ◽  
Current State ◽  
Complex Circuits ◽  
Different Cell Types ◽  
The Brain

AbstractThe retina in the eye performs complex computations, to transmit only behaviourally relevant information about our visual environment to the brain. These computations are implemented by numerous different cell types that form complex circuits. New experimental and computational methods make it possible to study the cellular diversity of the retina in detail – the goal of obtaining a complete list of all the cell types in the retina and, thus, its “building blocks”, is within reach. We review the current state of this endeavour and highlight possible directions for future research.

scholarly journals Active particle aggregate on complex bubble surfaces

2018 ◽  
Vol 96 (7) ◽  
pp. 801-803
Author(s):  
Gursoy B. Akguc
Keyword(s):  
Water Film ◽  
Complex Structures ◽  
Form Complex ◽  
Power Pulse ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Active Particles ◽  
Particle Aggregate ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Thin Water Film ◽  
High Power Pulse

Recently, colloids have been shown to form complex structures on bubble surfaces on demand. With the help of a high power pulse laser shining on a thin water film, water bubbles can be formed and heat unbalance creates a convective flow, which carries colloids on the surface of these water bubbles to form aggregates. Here, active particles are studied in a similar setup and conditions are laid out to form aggregates on water bubble surfaces. The effect of motility and chirality of active particles on formation of aggregate are discussed. The simulation results obtained here will hopefully help the experimental endeavors in future.

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