Traumatic Stress during Population-wide Exposure to Trauma in Israel: Gender as a Moderator of the Effects of Marital Status and Social Support

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 636-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yael Israel-Cohen ◽  
Oren Kaplan
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Exposure To Trauma ◽  
Wide Exposure

Social support and mental health status of internal migrants in Beijing

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Ying Zhou ◽  
Jianhua Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Mental Health Disorder ◽  
Mental Health Status ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Monthly Income ◽  
Internal Migrants

We investigated the mental health status of 320 internal migrants in Beijing according to gender, age, marital status, and monthly income, and examined the relationship between their mental health status and social support mechanisms. Participants completed the self-report Symptom Checklist-90-R and Social Support Rating Scale. Results showed that their mental health was significantly worse than the Chinese adult norm as assessed in 2017. Participants' social support varied according to age, marital status, and monthly income. Female participants younger than 30 years old with a monthly income lower than 3,000 yuan comprised the group with the most mental health disorder symptoms. They thus required greater personal attention to their health. The results suggested that social support can predict mental health among internal migrants. Directions for further research are discussed.

scholarly journals Exploring the impact of COVID-19 and restrictions to daily living as a result of social distancing within veterans with pre-existing mental health difficulties

2020 ◽  
pp. bmjmilitary-2020-001622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominic Murphy ◽  
C Williamson ◽  
J Baumann ◽  
W Busuttil ◽  
N T Fear
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Mental Health Difficulties ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
The Impact

IntroductionData are emerging showing the adverse consequences on mental health of the general public due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Little is known about the needs of veterans with pre-existing mental health difficulties during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsData were collected through a cross-sectional online survey from a randomly selected sample (n=1092) of military veterans who have sought help for mental health difficulties from a veteran-specific UK-based charity. The response rate was 25.2% (n=275). Participants were asked to complete a range of standardised mental health outcomes (post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD): Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist, common mental health difficulties (CMDs): 12-Item General Health Questionnaire, difficulties with anger: 5-Item Dimensions of Anger Reactions—Revised and alcohol misuse: Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test) and endorse a list of potential stressors related to changes to daily life resulting from COVID-19. Regression analyses were fitted to explore predictors of mental health severity.ResultsIt was observed that symptoms of common mental disorder and PTSD (69.3% and 65.0%, respectively) were the most commonly reported to have been exacerbated by the pandemic. Lack of social support and reporting increasing numbers of stressors related to COVID-19 were consistently associated with increasing severity of a range of mental health difficulties.ConclusionsOur findings suggest veterans who had pre-existing mental health difficulties prior to the outbreak of COVID-19 may be at increased risk of experiencing CMDs as a result of the pandemic. Intervening to improve levels of social support and offering practical guidance to better manage any additional stressors relating to the pandemic may provide strategies to help reduce the burden of mental health symptoms.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting Secondary Traumatic Stress of Nurses Caring for COVID-19 Patients in South Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 6843
Author(s):  
Mee Sun Lee ◽  
Sujin Shin ◽  
Eunmin Hong
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Secondary Traumatic Stress ◽  
Direct Care ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Affect Patient Care ◽  
Significant Factors

The secondary traumatic stress (STS) of nurses caring for COVID-19 patients is expected to be high, and it can adversely affect patient care. The purpose of this study was to examine the degree of STS of nurses caring for COVID-19 patients, and we identified various factors that influence STS. This study followed a descriptive design. The data of 136 nurses who had provided direct care to COVID-19 patients from 5 September to 26 September 2020 were collected online. Hierarchical regression analysis was conducted to identify the factors influencing STS. Participants experienced moderate levels of STS. The regression model of Model 1 was statistically significant (F = 6.21, p < 0.001), and the significant factors influencing STS were the duration of care for patients with COVID-19 for more than 30 days (β = 0.28, p < 0.001) and working in an undesignated COVID-19 hospital (β = 0.21, p = 0.038). In Model 2, the factor influencing STS was the support of a friend in the category of social support (β = −0.21, p = 0.039). The nurses caring for COVID-19 patients are experiencing a persistent and moderate level of STS. This study can be used as basic data to treat and prevent STS.

Perpetration-induced Traumatic Stress in Persons Who Euthanize Nonhuman Animals in Surgeries, Animal Shelters, and Laboratories

2005 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pauleen Bennett ◽  
Vanessa Rohlf
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Impact Of Event Scale ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
Nonhuman Animals ◽  
Related Stress ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Traumatic Symptoms

AbstractThis study explored possible identification of Perpetration-induced Traumatic Stress (PITS) in workers whose occupations required euthanizing nonhuman animals and determining whether event or person-related factors influenced symptoms. The sample included 148 animal workers: veterinarians, veterinary nurses, and research and animal shelter staff. The Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) assessed traumatic stress. Experimenters constructed additional scales measuring satisfaction with social support, participation in various types of training, and concern over animal death. More than 70% of participants reported affinity toward animals had strongly influenced their occupation selection. Half the sample perceived animal death—particularly euthanasia—as one of the least desirable jobs. Of the sample, 11% reported experiencing moderate levels of traumatic symptoms. The study found lower levels of euthanasia-related stress were associated with increased satisfaction with social support and length of time working with animals. Those who reported high levels of concern about animal death reported higher levels of euthanasia-related stress. The study found occupational context was not associated with different levels of euthanasia-related stress symptoms—even though reasons for administering euthanasia differed significantly between occupations.

scholarly journals Predictors of Health Care Seeking Pace Among Newly-Diagnosed Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients In Cebu City, Philippines: A Cross-Sectional Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARK JOHNUEL MATABILAS DUAVIS1
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Social Stigma ◽  
Health Care Seeking ◽  
Care Seeking ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Perceived Dangerousness

Abstract Background Tuberculosis remains a major public health dilemma in the Philippines. While free and effective TB diagnosis and treatment have been made available since 1996, a number of patients still delay accessing them re­sulting to increased TB mortality and community transmission. This study is aimed at determining the significant variables that can predict a TB patient’s pace in seeking appropriate health care. Methods A descriptive, correlational cross-sectional survey was done to 127 newly-diagnosed TB patients from 10 government-owned TB DOTS facilities in Cebu City. Participants were categorically grouped into Prompt Health Seekers and Delayed Health Seekers using a norm-referenced median dichotomy. Descriptive and inferential analysis utilized included Chi-square Test, Pearson’s Correlation and Discriminant Analysis. Results A mean health care seeking delay of 59 days (median=49) was recorded. Most of the participants experienced unexplained cough which they perceived as only slightly dangerous. 38% of them reported not knowing any symptom related to TB while 39% were not aware of the free public TB services. Most patients have made 2-3 prior health recourses, mostly through self-medication, before finally contacting a DOTS facility. Marital status (p=0.004), the number of symptoms experienced (p=0.000), first symptom experienced (p=0.016), perceived dangerousness of all symptoms experienced (p=0.009), perceived dangerousness of the first symptom experienced (p=0.001), perceived social stigma (p=0.035) and, perceived social support (p=0.002) were found to be significantly associated with the patients’ health care seeking pace. Extending to multivariate analysis, five independent variables namely marital status (p=0.037), number of symptoms experienced (p=0.018), perceived dangerousness of all the symptoms experienced (p=0.028), perceived social stigma (p=0.026) and, perceived social support (p=0.001) can significantly predict the patients’ health care seeking pace. Conclusion A considerable health care seeking delay of 59 days was documented, especially among those with lower perception of social support, higher perception of social stigma and those who do not currently have partners. Patients who experienced more symptoms and those who view these symptoms as less dangerous were, however, likely to seek immediate health care. Reducing health care seeking delays through intensified health information campaigns, strengthening social support systems and reducing social stigma is recommended.

scholarly journals Effect of Social Support and Marital Status on Perceived Surgical Effectiveness and 30-Day Hospital Readmission

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 774-779 ◽  
Author(s):  
Owoicho Adogwa ◽  
Aladine A. Elsamadicy ◽  
Victoria D. Vuong ◽  
Ankit I. Mehta ◽  
Raul A. Vasquez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Spine Surgery ◽  
Patient Reported Outcomes ◽  
Complication Rates ◽  
Readmission Rates ◽  
Outcomes Measures ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Patient Reported

Study Design: Retrospective cohort review. Objective: To determine whether higher levels of social support are associated with improved surgical outcomes after elective spine surgery. Methods: The medical records of 430 patients (married, n = 313; divorced/separated/widowed, n = 71; single, n = 46) undergoing elective spine surgery at a major academic medical center were reviewed. Patients were categorized by their marital status at the time of surgery. Patient demographics, comorbidities, and postoperative complication rates were collected. All patients had prospectively collected outcomes measures and a minimum of 1-year follow-up. Patient reported outcomes instruments (Oswestry Disability Index, Short Form–36, and visual analog scale–back pain/leg pain) were completed before surgery, then at 1 year after surgery. Results: Baseline characteristics were similar in all cohorts. There was no statistically significant difference in the length of hospital stay across all 3 cohorts, although “single patients” had longer duration of in-hospital stays that trended toward significance (single 6.24 days vs married 4.53 days vs divorced/separated/widowed 4.55 days, P = .05). Thirty-day readmission rates were similar across all cohorts (married 7.03% vs divorced/separated/widowed 7.04% vs single 6.52%, P = .99). Additionally, there were no significant differences in baseline and 1-year patient reported outcomes measures between all groups. Conclusions: Increased social support did not appear to be associated with superior short and long-term clinical outcomes after spine surgery; however, it was associated with a shorter duration of in-hospital stay with no increase in 30-day readmission rates.

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