Heterostructured Redox‐Active V 2 O 5 /SnO 2 Oxide Nanocatalyst for Aqueous‐Phase Oxidation of Furfural to Renewable Maleic Acid

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (21) ◽  
pp. 6255-6267
Author(s):  
Petrus M. Malibo ◽  
Peter R. Makgwane ◽  
Priscilla G. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Maleic Acid ◽  
Redox Active ◽  
Phase Oxidation

Aqueous-Phase Oxidation of Furfural to Maleic Acid Catalyzed by Copper Phosphate Catalysts

2017 ◽  
Vol 147 (11) ◽  
pp. 2714-2723 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomáš Soták ◽  
Milan Hronec ◽  
Miroslav Gál ◽  
Edmund Dobročka ◽  
Jaroslava Škriniarová
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Maleic Acid ◽  
Phase Oxidation ◽  
Copper Phosphate ◽  
Acid Catalyzed

Improving the production of maleic acid from biomass: TS-1 catalysed aqueous phase oxidation of furfural in the presence of γ-valerolactone

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 2845-2856 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Rodenas ◽  
R. Mariscal ◽  
J. L. G. Fierro ◽  
D. Martín Alonso ◽  
J. A. Dumesic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Maleic Acid ◽  
Solid Catalyst ◽  
Phase Oxidation

The production of di-acids from biomass, i.e. maleic acid (MAc), can be improved by combining the utilization of GVL as co-solvent and TS-1 as solid catalyst.

scholarly journals The formation of nitro-aromatic compounds under high NO<sub><i>x</i></sub> and anthropogenic VOC conditions in urban Beijing, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 7649-7665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yujue Wang ◽  
Min Hu ◽  
Yuchen Wang ◽  
Jing Zheng ◽  
Dongjie Shang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Aromatic Compounds ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Oxidation Products ◽  
Urban Atmosphere ◽  
Formation Pathway ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Phase Oxidation ◽  
Nitro Aromatic

Abstract. Nitro-aromatic compounds (NACs), as important contributors to the light absorption by brown carbon, have been widely observed in various ambient atmospheres; however, their formation in the urban atmosphere was little studied. In this work, we report an intensive field study of NACs in summer 2016 at an urban Beijing site, characterized by both high-NOx and anthropogenic VOC dominated conditions. We investigated the factors that influence NAC formation (e.g., NO2, VOC precursors, RH and photolysis) through quantification of eight NACs, along with major components in fine particulate matter, selected volatile organic compounds, and gases. The average total concentration of the quantified NACs was 6.63 ng m−3, higher than those reported in other summertime studies (0.14–6.44 ng m−3). 4-Nitrophenol (4NP, 32.4 %) and 4-nitrocatechol (4NC, 28.5 %) were the top two most abundant NACs, followed by methyl-nitrocatechol (MNC), methyl-nitrophenol (MNP), and dimethyl-nitrophenol (DMNP). The oxidation of toluene and benzene in the presence of NOx was found to be a more dominant source of NACs than primary biomass burning emissions. The NO2 concentration level was found to be an important factor influencing the secondary formation of NACs. A transition from low- to high-NOx regimes coincided with a shift from organic- to inorganic-dominated oxidation products. The transition thresholds were NO2 ∼ 20 ppb for daytime and NO2∼25 ppb for nighttime conditions. Under low-NOx conditions, NACs increased with NO2, while the NO3- concentrations and (NO3-)/NACs ratios were lower, implying organic-dominated products. Under high-NOx conditions, NAC concentrations did not further increase with NO2, while the NO3- concentrations and (NO3-)/NACs ratios showed increasing trends, signaling a shift from organic- to inorganic-dominated products. Nighttime enhancements were observed for 3M4NC and 4M5NC, while daytime enhancements were noted for 4NP, 2M4NP, and DMNP, indicating different formation pathways for these two groups of NACs. Our analysis suggested that the aqueous-phase oxidation was likely the major formation pathway of 4M5NC and 3M5NC, while photo-oxidation of toluene and benzene in the presence of NO2 could be more important for the formation of nitrophenol and its derivatives. Using the (3M4NC+4M5NC) ∕ 4NP ratios as an indicator of the relative contribution of aqueous-phase and gas-phase oxidation pathways to NAC formation, we observed that the relative contribution of aqueous-phase pathways increased at elevated ambient RH and remained constant at RH > 30 %. We also found that the concentrations of VOC precursors (e.g., toluene and benzene) and aerosol surface area acted as important factors in promoting NAC formation, and photolysis as an important loss pathway for nitrophenols.

Aqueous phase oxidation of sulfites by ozone in the presence of iron and manganese

1982 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 1039-1041 ◽  
Author(s):  
Halstead Harrison ◽  
Timothy V. Larson ◽  
Carol Smith Monkman
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Phase Oxidation ◽  
Iron And Manganese

Modelling and Construction of a Deep Well Aqueous Phase Oxidation Process

1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 457-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pieter H. A. M. J. de Bekker ◽  
Jan J. van den Berg
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Plug Flow ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Gaseous Oxygen ◽  
Deep Well ◽  
Reactor Length ◽  
Phase Oxidation ◽  
Environmentally Sound ◽  
Heavy Construction

Aqueous phase oxidation is the process in which organic material is oxidized in the liquid phase with gaseous oxygen under elevated temperature and pressure. The VerTech-process uses a vertical subsurface oxidation vessel consisting of two concentric tubes with a length of approximately 1 200 metres. The advantages of which are: an ideal plug flow regime for a high performance, an efficient heat exchange along the reactor length and a less heavy construction compared to surface techniques. The production of residues is minimal and environmentally sound: off-gas consists mostly of carbon dioxide, solid residue is non teachable and the liquid effluent can be purified easily to a high extent. For the design of the oxidation vessel the use of mathematical models is essential: reaction kinetics, hydrodynamics and heat transfer have been brought in models in such a way that up- and downscaling is possible. On the other hand process conditions may be controlled by the model, once it has been approved. The original model has been tested at the demonstration plant at Longmont, Colorado, USA in 1985. A further development will be tested at the first commercial scale plant at Apeldoorn, the Netherlands. This plant will come into full service as of January 1993.

scholarly journals Catalytic transfer hydrogenation of maleic acid with stoichiometric amounts of formic acid in aqueous phase: paving the way for more sustainable succinic acid production

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 1859-1872 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. López Granados ◽  
J. Moreno ◽  
A. C. Alba-Rubio ◽  
J. Iglesias ◽  
D. Martín Alonso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Formic Acid ◽  
Succinic Acid ◽  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Maleic Acid ◽  
Acid Production ◽  
Reaction Medium ◽  
Transfer Hydrogenation ◽  
Catalytic Transfer Hydrogenation ◽  
Catalytic Transfer ◽  
Succinic Acid Production

The aqueous phase hydrogenation of maleic acid to succinic acid (SAc) is proved using an efficient and robust Pd/C catalysts and stoichiometric formic acid as source of H2. SAc can be separated from the reaction medium by precipitation.

Oxygen-18 study of the aqueous-phase oxidation of sulfur dioxide

1981 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 557-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.D. Holt ◽  
R. Kumar ◽  
P.T. Cunningham
Keyword(s):  
Sulfur Dioxide ◽  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Phase Oxidation
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