Rapid and Efficient Approaches for Synthesis of Some New Aryl Propionic Acid Derivatives and In–Vivo Anti‐Diabetic Screening of Selected Compounds

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (35) ◽  
pp. 10381-10384
Author(s):  
Mitesh B. Vekariya ◽  
Hitendra S. Joshi ◽  
Nisheeth C. Desai ◽  
Krunalsinh A. Jadeja
Keyword(s):  
Propionic Acid ◽  
Diabetic Screening

scholarly journals Volatile Fatty Acids Produced by A Sheep Fed Pure Cellulose as Sole Carbohydrate in its Diet

1968 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 1075 ◽  
Author(s):  
RA Weller ◽  
FV Gray ◽  
AF Pilgrim
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Propionic Acid ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Inorganic Salts ◽  
Pure Cellulose

The quantities of volatile fatty acids (VF A) formed from cellulose in the rumen, and their relation to the amount of cellulose digested, have not previously been determined in vivo. We have recently maintained a sheep on a diet of pure cellulose (500 g), gluten (50 g), and inorganic salts (6-20 g) for a period of several months, and have measured VFA production in the rumen along with the extent of digestion of the cellulose in the animal. A characteristic of the digestion was the formation of large proportions (34--42%) of propionic acid, in contrast to the proportions found in the rumen of sheep at pasture, or fed on dry roughages - where propionic acid, though variable, usually constitutes only about 20% of the total VFA. The findings are summarized in Table 1.

scholarly journals Antitumor activity of the bioreductive prodrug 3-(2-nitrophenyl) propionic acid-paclitaxel nanoparticles (NPPA-PTX NPs) on MDA-MB-231 cells: in vitro and in vivo

2018 ◽  
Vol Volume 14 ◽  
pp. 195-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Chuan Duan ◽  
Xin Yao ◽  
Shuang Zhang ◽  
Mei-Qi Xu ◽  
Yan-Li Hao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antitumor Activity ◽  
Propionic Acid

Inhibitors produced by propionibacteria and their possible roles in the ecology of skin bacteria

1980 ◽  
Vol 79 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 193-199
Author(s):  
E. A. Eady ◽  
K. T. Holland
Keyword(s):  
Propionic Acid ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Growth Inhibitors ◽  
Normal Flora ◽  
Skin Bacteria ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Micro Organisms

SynopsisHuman skin propionibacteria have been shown to produce,in vitro, a wide range of inhibitory substances including bacteriocins, bacteriolytic enzymes, bacteriophages and low molecular weight metabolites (e.g. ammonia, propionic acid). Some or all of these substances may play a role in the ecology of cutaneous populations of micro-organisms and may be involved in maintaining the balance of the normal flora. There is no evidence to suggest that they deter or exclude other transient bacteria including pathogens. Similarly, evidence in support of thein vivoproduction of growth inhibitors by propionibacteria with activity against other skin micro-organisms is lacking (except for bacteriophage and propionic acid) so that their potential role in controlling cutaneous populations must be interpreted with caution.

scholarly journals The Gut Microbiota-Produced Indole-3-Propionic Acid Confers the Antihyperlipidemic Effect of Mulberry-Derived 1-Deoxynojirimycin

mSystems ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yougui Li ◽  
Wenyi Xu ◽  
Fang Zhang ◽  
Shi Zhong ◽  
Yuqing Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Propionic Acid ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Active Component ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Specific Intervention ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Female Mice

ABSTRACT Hyperlipidemia is a worldwide epidemic with an obvious gender disparity in incidence. Modulations on gut microbiota by traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) are emerging as a potential rationale governing the profitable effects of drugs on hyperlipidemia. However, it is unclear how gut microbes regulate the progression of hyperlipidemia. Here, we found that mulberry leaf extract (MLE) and its active component 1-deoxynojirimycin (DNJ) diminished hyperglycemia and hypertriglyceridemia with similar efficacy in male and female mice but preferentially alleviated hypercholesterolemia in female mice. Further investigations showed that DNJ sex-specifically downregulated the expression of lipogenic genes, especially cholesterol-biosynthetic genes. Oral administration of DNJ imposed more profound modulation on gut microbiota in female mice than in male ones, as estimated by 16S rRNA metatranscriptomic analysis. DNJ markedly enriched Akkermansia and Clostridium group XIVa and promoted the production of indole-3-propionic acid (IPA) in a sexually dimorphic way. Importantly, IPA tightly associates with the antihyperlipidemic effect of DNJ and exhibited a potent lipid-lowering effect both in vitro and in vivo. Together, our results have established a regulatory mechanism by which DNJ sex-specifically improves hyperlipidemia, offering an in-depth theoretical basis for therapeutic exploitation of DNJ as a sex-specific intervention against hyperlipidemia. IMPORTANCE Hyperlipidemia has been intensively focused on by researchers around the world owing to its major contribution to cardiovascular diseases. Various evidence reveals that women are more susceptible than male counterparts to dyslipidemia, making sex-dependent therapeutic strategies and drugs urgently needed. In the present work, we demonstrate that DNJ, the main active component of mulberry leaves, exerts an obvious female-preferential antihyperlipidemic effect through specifically enriching Akkermansia and Clostridium XIVa and elevating an active microbial metabolite, indole-3-propionic acid (IPA), in female mice. Moreover, we have corroborated the potent lipid-lowering efficacy of IPA both in vitro and in vivo. These findings not only indicate a potential mechanism by which gut microbes and their metabolites confer the beneficial role of DNJ in ameliorating hyperlipidemia but also provide an in-depth theoretical basis for therapeutic exploitation of DNJ as a female-specific intervention against hyperlipidemia.

scholarly journals Gene Activation by Cytoplasmic Acidification in Suspension-Cultured Rice Cells in Response to the Potent Elicitor, N-Acetylchitoheptaose

1998 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1167-1174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dao-Yao He ◽  
Yoshiaki Yazaki ◽  
Yoko Nishizawa ◽  
Ryota Takai ◽  
Kosumi Yamada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Propionic Acid ◽  
Plant Cell ◽  
Phenylalanine Ammonia Lyase ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Gene Activation ◽  
Gene Induction ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Calyculin A ◽  
Cytoplasmic Acidification

N-Acetylchitoheptaose strongly induces a set of defense reactions in suspension-cultured rice cells including cytoplasmic acidification (K. Kuchitsu, Y. Yazaki, K. Sakano, and N. Shibuya, Plant Cell Physiol. 38:1012-1018, 1997) and the accumulation of mRNAs for two rapidly activated genes, EL2 and EL3 (E. Minami, K. Kuchitsu, D.-Y. He, H. Kouchi, N. Midoh, Y. Ohtsuki, and N. Shibuya, Plant Cell Physiol. 37:563-567, 1996), as well as phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), chitinase and β-1,3-glucanase. Treatment of cells with propionic acid resulted in the accumulation of the mRNAs for EL2, EL3, and PAL in a manner similar to the accumulation induced by N-acetylchitoheptaose. Concomitantly, there was a rapid decrease in the cytoplasmic pH as detected with in vivo 31P-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Interestingly, K-252a, a potent inhibitor of Ser/Thr protein kinases, strongly inhibited gene induction by N-acetylchitoheptaose, but showed much less inhibition of gene induction caused by propionic acid. Calyculin A, a protein phosphatase inhibitor, induced mRNA accumulations for EL2, EL3 and PAL, with concomitant acidification of the cytoplasm. On the other hand, chitinase and β-glucanase mRNA levels did not change after addition of propionic acid or calyculin A. Treatment of the cells with propionic acid did not induce the production of reactive oxygen species. These results strongly suggest that cytoplasmic acidification at the early stage of elicitor action could be a key step in the signal transduction events leading to the expression of elicitor-responsive genes. A hypothetical model of elicitor signal pathway is proposed based on these results.

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