scholarly journals Unit information prior for adaptive information borrowing from multiple historical datasets

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huaqing Jin ◽  
Guosheng Yin
Keyword(s):  
Information Borrowing

scholarly journals Najib Hamadani and Ahmed at-Tusi’s Bulgarian oikonyms and their location in the former Volga Bulgaria

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 91-96
Author(s):  
Nikolay Valeryevich Belenov
Keyword(s):  
Historical Geography ◽  
Good Reason ◽  
Common Source ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
Medieval Manuscripts ◽  
Study Research ◽  
Folklore Studies ◽  
The Common ◽  
Information Borrowing ◽  
The Given

This article attempts to localize the fortresses of the Volga Bulgars (first of all, fortresses Marj and Tehshu) known from medieval authors reportedly Najib Hamadani and Ahmed at-Tusi. In the course of solving this problem the question of these authors data reliability is raised, as well as the common source of this information borrowing. There is a good reason to see this in the source known among the Arab-Persian historical and geographical medieval manuscripts as Rizal by Ahmed ibn Fadlan, the Secretary of Abbasid embassy to the Volga Bulgars Elteber Almush, who visited the Volga in 922. This fact explains the absence of Bulgarian cities known from other sources in the given lists as well as the question of uniqueness of Hamadani and at-Tusis information. On the basis of the sources synthesis, place-and folklore studies, the article proposes some options for localization of some of these forts and etymology options of Bulgarian oikonyms mentioned in the papers by the considered authors. The author proves the importance of place names data at the present stage of Bulgar study research, especially of Volga Bulgaria historical geography as well as further studies are planned.

scholarly journals Integrative Analysis of Cancer Omics Data for Prognosis Modeling

Genes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wang ◽  
Wu ◽  
Ma
Keyword(s):  
Integrative Analysis ◽  
The Cancer Genome Atlas ◽  
Cancer Prognosis ◽  
Sufficient Information ◽  
Cancer Type ◽  
Multiple Cancer ◽  
Cancer Genome Atlas ◽  
Cancer Types ◽  
Information Borrowing ◽  
Penalization Technique

Prognosis modeling plays an important role in cancer studies. With the development of omics profiling, extensive research has been conducted to search for prognostic markers for various cancer types. However, many of the existing studies share a common limitation by only focusing on a single cancer type and suffering from a lack of sufficient information. With potential molecular similarity across cancer types, one cancer type may contain information useful for the analysis of other types. The integration of multiple cancer types may facilitate information borrowing so as to more comprehensively and more accurately describe prognosis. In this study, we conduct marginal and joint integrative analysis of multiple cancer types, effectively introducing integration in the discovery process. For accommodating high dimensionality and identifying relevant markers, we adopt the advanced penalization technique which has a solid statistical ground. Gene expression data on nine cancer types from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) are analyzed, leading to biologically sensible findings that are different from the alternatives. Overall, this study provides a novel venue for cancer prognosis modeling by integrating multiple cancer types.

scholarly journals Bayesian methods for the analysis of early‐phase oncology basket trials with information borrowing across cancer types

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (25) ◽  
pp. 3459-3475
Author(s):  
Jin Jin ◽  
Marie‐Karelle Riviere ◽  
Xiaodong Luo ◽  
Yingwen Dong
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Methods ◽  
Early Phase ◽  
Cancer Types ◽  
Information Borrowing ◽  
Basket Trials

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF INFORMATION SYSTEM OF LIBRARY OF UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA JOGYAKARTA

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Hendra Junawan
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Information System ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
System Development ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Data Types ◽  
Information System Design ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
Development Life Cycle ◽  
Information Borrowing

<p>The purpose of writing this article is to find out how to design and implement the Information System of the Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University Yogyakarta Library which is supported by the System Development Life Cycle (SDLC). The method used in this study is the type of field research that is "field research" which has the nature of skin research and data collection techniques with direct observation and information obtained through documentation in the field. The results and discussion in this article show that CYPRUS (Library Information System) has the task of collecting, processing, preserving, reinventing information, borrowing and returning books in the circulation section, already using information technology to store data and library collections, in the design process This library information system also uses the MySQL database in streamlining the library information system, and from the plan, it can be used by the admin and librarian and the results are shown in the library information system design show that there is data collection on the members, login columns, member data types, display reports free library, and display collection returns and borrowing columns.</p><p>Design and Implementation, Library Information System.</p>

scholarly journals A Bayesian basket trial design using a calibrated Bayesian hierarchical model

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiyi Chu ◽  
Ying Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Hierarchical Model ◽  
Treatment Effect ◽  
Type I Error ◽  
Bayesian Hierarchical Model ◽  
Error Rates ◽  
Type I ◽  
Bayesian Hierarchical ◽  
Type I Error Rates ◽  
Information Borrowing ◽  
Basket Trials

Background: The basket trial evaluates the treatment effect of a targeted therapy in patients with the same genetic or molecular aberration, regardless of their cancer types. Bayesian hierarchical modeling has been proposed to adaptively borrow information across cancer types to improve the statistical power of basket trials. Although conceptually attractive, research has shown that Bayesian hierarchical models cannot appropriately determine the degree of information borrowing and may lead to substantially inflated type I error rates. Methods: We propose a novel calibrated Bayesian hierarchical model approach to evaluate the treatment effect in basket trials. In our approach, the shrinkage parameter that controls information borrowing is not regarded as an unknown parameter. Instead, it is defined as a function of a similarity measure of the treatment effect across tumor subgroups. The key is that the function is calibrated using simulation such that information is strongly borrowed across subgroups if their treatment effects are similar and barely borrowed if the treatment effects are heterogeneous. Results: The simulation study shows that our method has substantially better controlled type I error rates than the Bayesian hierarchical model. In some scenarios, for example, when the true response rate is between the null and alternative, the type I error rate of the proposed method can be inflated from 10% up to 20%, but is still better than that of the Bayesian hierarchical model. Limitation: The proposed design assumes a binary endpoint. Extension of the proposed design to ordinal and time-to-event endpoints is worthy of further investigation. Conclusion: The calibrated Bayesian hierarchical model provides a practical approach to design basket trials with more flexibility and better controlled type I error rates than the Bayesian hierarchical model. The software for implementing the proposed design is available at http://odin.mdacc.tmc.edu/~yyuan/index_code.html

AiryLight

2015 ◽  
pp. 487-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annelie Berner
Keyword(s):  
Daily Life ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
Information Need ◽  
Aesthetic Object ◽  
Everyday Objects ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Reference Layer ◽  
Information Borrowing ◽  
Calm Technology

This chapter explores the practice of combining ubiquitous computing—information in everyday objects—with the approach of calm technology – designing ambient, intriguing presentations of information. Borrowing from these two approaches, we can define a more faceted path, imbuing physical objects and environments with data about their own surroundings in an aesthetic, tangible, and crucially subtle way. The chapter presents the concept of combining three sensory methods to strengthen learning in unexpected situations. One, the role of the spectacle produced through a dynamic, aesthetic object in learning and engagement. Two, providing an optional, detailed reference layer for said spectacle. Three, placing this experience in physical space. Information need not be constrained to the physical page of paper nor the digital screen (European Commission, 2004). Instead, it can flow through our daily life, finding place in subtle (Weiser & Brown, 1995), thoughtfully designed (Löwgren & Stolterman, 2004) surfaces and objects. This chapter discusses the example project, AiryLight, and how its motivation and execution exemplify the more faceted path and the three methods – abstract spectacle, layering of detail, and placement in physical space.

Information borrowing methods for covariate-adjusted ROC curve

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 569-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhong GUAN ◽  
Jing QIN ◽  
Biao ZHANG
Keyword(s):  
Roc Curve ◽  
Information Borrowing

Development and evaluation of android-based library stocktaking application using NFC Technology: a case study in Bina Nusantara University

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (10) ◽  
pp. 9-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aswin Wibisurya ◽  
San Karya ◽  
Eileen Heriyanni
Keyword(s):  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Mobile Application ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Desktop Application ◽  
Library Users ◽  
Frequency Identification ◽  
Entity Relationship ◽  
Entity Relationship Diagram ◽  
Information Borrowing

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop and evaluate a mobile application to facilitate stocktaking in libraries implementing radio frequency identification. The case of Bina Nusantara University’s library is used in this study. In this kind of library, near field communication (NFC) tags are placed in the book for getting book information, borrowing or returning and theft prevention, so the application. Stocktaking is an important process to be performed periodically to monitor and maintain the quality of collections and to make these collections easily accessible for library users. However, stocktaking in libraries takes too much effort and needs to be more efficient. Design/methodology/approach The design of the mobile application using entity relationship diagram (ERD) includes a diagram and flowchart. An evaluation is done by comparing the stocktaking effort of the latest semester and the previous semester. In the latest semester, the stocktaking is done by a hybrid of the proposed mobile application and a legacy desktop application, whereas the stocktaking of the previous semester is done only using the legacy desktop application. Findings Evaluation of the usage of this mobile stocktaking application is 43 per cent more efficient compared to an older desktop application. Originality/value The authors report the development of Android-based mobile stocktaking application by using Android’s NFC feature and evaluate it in a real environment.

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