P‐82: Dichroic Dye‐Doped Dual‐Cell Smart Window Switchable Among Transparent, Dark and Scattering States

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 1387-1390
Author(s):  
Bojun Zhou ◽  
Chuncheng Che ◽  
Yue Li ◽  
Chunlei Wang ◽  
Deshen Zhai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smart Window ◽  
Scattering States ◽  
Dichroic Dye

scholarly journals Smart Window with Active-Passive Hybrid Control

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 4137
Author(s):  
Heng-Yi Tseng ◽  
Li-Min Chang ◽  
Kuan-Wu Lin ◽  
Cheng-Chang Li ◽  
Wan-Hsuan Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
Voltage Pulse ◽  
Hybrid Control ◽  
Cholesteric Liquid Crystal ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Operating Mode ◽  
Smart Window ◽  
Smart Windows ◽  
Dichroic Dye ◽  
Scattering State

Dimming and scattering control are two of the major features of smart windows, which provide adjustable sunlight intensity and protect the privacy of people in a building. A hybrid photo- and electrical-controllable smart window that exploits salt and photochromic dichroic dye-doped cholesteric liquid crystal was developed. The photochromic dichroic dye causes a change in transmittance from high to low upon exposure to sunlight. When the light source is removed, the smart window returns from colored to colorless. The salt-doped cholesteric liquid crystal can be bi-stably switched from transparent into the scattering state by a low-frequency voltage pulse and switched back to its transparent state by a high-frequency voltage pulse. In its operating mode, an LC smart window can be passively dimmed by sunlight and the haze can be actively controlled by applying an electrical field to it; it therefore exhibits four optical states—transparent, scattering, dark clear, and dark opaque. Each state is stable in the absence of an applied voltage. This smart window can automatically dim when the sunlight gets stronger, and according to user needs, actively adjust the haze to achieve privacy protection.

Dielectric reorientation and electrohydrodynamic instabilities in dichroic-dye-doped dual-cell liquid crystal smart window

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Bojun Zhou ◽  
Chuncheng Che ◽  
Yue Li ◽  
Chunlei Wang ◽  
Yifan Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
Smart Window ◽  
Dichroic Dye

scholarly journals Energy and daylight performance of a smart window: Window integrated with thermotropic parallel slat-transparent insulation material

2021 ◽  
Vol 293 ◽  
pp. 116826
Author(s):  
Yanyi Sun ◽  
Xin Liu ◽  
Yang Ming ◽  
Xiao Liu ◽  
Daniel Mahon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulation Material ◽  
Smart Window ◽  
Daylight Performance

scholarly journals Polymer Dispersed Cholesteric Liquid Crystals With a Toroidal Director Configuration under an Electric Field

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 732
Author(s):  
Anna P. Gardymova ◽  
Mikhail N. Krakhalev ◽  
Victor Ya. Zyryanov ◽  
Alexandra A. Gruzdenko ◽  
Andrey A. Alekseev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Point Defects ◽  
Structural Response ◽  
Optical Filters ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal ◽  
Dichroic Dye ◽  
Polymer Dispersed

The electro-optical properties of polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) films are highly dependent on the features of the contained liquid crystal (LC) droplets. Cholesteric LC droplets with homeotropic boundaries can form several topologically different orientational structures, including ones with single and more point defects, layer-like, and axisymmetric twisted toroidal structures. These structures are very sensitive to an applied electric field. In this work, we have demonstrated experimentally and by computer simulations that twisted toroidal droplets reveal strong structural response to the electric field. In turn, this leads to vivid changes in the optical texture in crossed polarizers. The response of droplets of different sizes were found to be equivalent in terms of dimensionless parameters. In addition, the explanation of this phenomenon showed a comparison of theoretical and experimental structural response curves aids to determine the shape of the droplet. Finally, we demonstrated that the addition of a dichroic dye allows such films to be used as optical filters with adjustable color even without polarizers.

scholarly journals Effective Interactions of Relativistic Composite Particles in Unified Nonlinear Spinor-Field Models. I

1985 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-28
Author(s):  
H. Stumpf
Keyword(s):  
Spinor Field ◽  
Bound States ◽  
Composite Particle ◽  
Composite Particles ◽  
Statistical Interpretation ◽  
Particle Spectrum ◽  
Nonlinear Spinor ◽  
Effective Interactions ◽  
Scattering States ◽  
Diagonal Part

Unified nonlinear spinor field models are selfregularizing quantum field theories in which all observable (elementary and non-elementary) particles are assumed to be bound states of fermionic preon fields. Due to their large masses the preons themselves are confined. In preceding papers a functional energy representation, the statistical interpretation and the dynamical equations were derived. In this paper the dynamics of composite particles is discussed. The composite particles are defined to be eigensolutions of the diagonal part of the energy representation. Corresponding calculations are in preparation, but in the present paper a suitable composite particle spectrum is assumed. It consists of preon-antipreon boson states and threepreon- fermion states with corresponding antifermions and contains bound states as well as preon scattering states. The state functional is expanded in terms of these composite particle states with inclusion of preon scattering states. The transformation of the functional energy representation of the spinor field into composite particle functional operators produces a hierarchy of effective interactions at the composite particle level, the leading terms of which are identical with the functional energy representation of a phenomenological boson-fermion coupling theory. This representation is valid as long as the processes are assumed to be below the energetic threshold for preon production or preon break-up reactions, respectively. From this it can be concluded that below the threshold the effective interactions of composite particles in a unified spinor field model lead to phenomenological coupling theories which depend in their properties on the bound state spectrum of the self-regularizing spinor theory.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document