scholarly journals Activation of p70S6 Kinase-1 in Mesenchymal Stem Cells Is Essential to Lung Tissue Repair

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 551-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsuyuki Takeda ◽  
Fangkun Ning ◽  
Joanne Domenico ◽  
Masakazu Okamoto ◽  
Shigeru Ashino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Lung Tissue ◽  
Tissue Repair ◽  
P70s6 Kinase

scholarly journals The Cross-Talk between Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Immune Cells in Tissue Repair and Regeneration

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 2472
Author(s):  
Carl Randall Harrell ◽  
Valentin Djonov ◽  
Vladislav Volarevic
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Tissue Repair ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Multipotent Stem Cells ◽  
Tissue Repair And Regeneration ◽  
Almost All ◽  
And Function

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are self-renewable, rapidly proliferating, multipotent stem cells which reside in almost all post-natal tissues. MSCs possess potent immunoregulatory properties and, in juxtacrine and paracrine manner, modulate phenotype and function of all immune cells that participate in tissue repair and regeneration. Additionally, MSCs produce various pro-angiogenic factors and promote neo-vascularization in healing tissues, contributing to their enhanced repair and regeneration. In this review article, we summarized current knowledge about molecular mechanisms that regulate the crosstalk between MSCs and immune cells in tissue repair and regeneration.

Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Tissue Repair

2011 ◽  
pp. 35-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel L. Coutu ◽  
Moïra François ◽  
Jacques Galipeau
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Tissue Repair

Abstract 13695: Paracrine-mediated Rejuvenation of Aged Mesenchymal Stem Cells Involves Broad Transcriptional Modulation of Angiogenic Factors

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
George Hung ◽  
Andreas S Barth ◽  
Peter V Johnston ◽  
Gary Gerstenblith
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Tissue Repair ◽  
Target Enrichment ◽  
Aged Patients ◽  
Vegf Signaling ◽  
Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
C57bl Mice ◽  
Transcriptional Modulation

Introduction: Angiogenesis induced by bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) obtained from aged mice is inferior to those obtained from young mice, but is improved following exposure to conditioned media (CM) from young MSCs. To define alterations in gene expression and signaling pathways underlying the observed angiogenic improvement, we characterized differences in cellular mRNA expression between “non-rejuvenated” and “rejuvenated” (exposed to CM from young MSCs) old MSCs. Methods: Replicates of 105 MSCs isolated from old (18-24 months) C57BL mice (n=6) were cultured separately, or in co-culture with MSCs from young (4-6 weeks, n=6) mice using 0.4μm Transwell plates that allow transfer of soluble factors, but not of cells. After 7d in culture, mRNA from old and rejuvenated MSCs was isolated and sequenced. Analysis was performed using open source Galaxy pipeline. Transcription factor (TF) and miRNA target enrichment analyses were performed using ChEA3 and MIENTURNET. Results: Of the 529 unique transcripts involved in angiogenesis (GO-ID 0001525), 98 differentially expressed transcripts (Bonferroni p < 0.0001) were identified. The rejuvenated MSCs showed significantly increased expression of 39 genes. The majority of these involved canonical angiogenic pathways and/or regulation of VEGF: JAK1, LOXL2, KLF4, BMP4, and ADM. Top enriched TFs and miRNAs included EPAS1 and miR-20a, respectively, both directly involved in VEGF signaling, along with SOX18, SNAI1, SOX7, miR-126a, and miR-499 (FDR < 0.05), all of which are known to promote either angiogenesis and/or stemness. Conclusions: Improved angiogenesis by old MSCs exposed to CM from young MSCs is accompanied by significant modulation of angiogenic mediators, crucial in both VEGF and non-VEGF signaling pathways. These changes suggest targets for transcriptional modification to improve angiogenesis and tissue repair in aged patients.

scholarly journals Glutathione–Allylsulfur Conjugates as Mesenchymal Stem Cells Stimulating Agents for Potential Applications in Tissue Repair

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 1638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilia Di Giovanni ◽  
Silvia Buonvino ◽  
Ivano Amelio ◽  
Sonia Melino
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Tissue Repair ◽  
Dermal Fibroblasts ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Tissue Repair And Regeneration ◽  
Stem Cell Delivery ◽  
Cell Based Therapy

The endogenous gasotransmitter H2S plays an important role in the central nervous, respiratory and cardiovascular systems. Accordingly, slow-releasing H2S donors are powerful tools for basic studies and innovative pharmaco-therapeutic agents for cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Nonetheless, the effects of H2S-releasing agents on the growth of stem cells have not been fully investigated. H2S preconditioning can enhance mesenchymal stem cell survival after post-ischaemic myocardial implantation; therefore, stem cell therapy combined with H2S may be relevant in cell-based therapy for regenerative medicine. Here, we studied the effects of slow-releasing H2S agents on the cell growth and differentiation of cardiac Lin− Sca1+ human mesenchymal stem cells (cMSC) and on normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF). In particular, we investigated the effects of water-soluble GSH–garlic conjugates (GSGa) on cMSC compared to other H2S-releasing agents, such as Na2S and GYY4137. GSGa treatment of cMSC and NHDF increased their cell proliferation and migration in a concentration dependent manner with respect to the control. GSGa treatment promoted an upregulation of the expression of proteins involved in oxidative stress protection, cell–cell adhesion and commitment to differentiation. These results highlight the effects of H2S-natural donors as biochemical factors that promote MSC homing, increasing their safety profile and efficacy after transplantation, and the value of these donors in developing functional 3D-stem cell delivery systems for cardiac muscle tissue repair and regeneration.

scholarly journals Mechanisms of Action of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Tissue Repair Regeneration and their Implications

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 (02) ◽  
pp. 104-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manisha Singh ◽  
Suchi Gupta ◽  
Sonali Rawat ◽  
Swati Midha ◽  
Krishan Gopal Jain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Tissue Repair ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Cell Replacement Therapy ◽  
Tissue Repair And Regeneration

ABSTRACTCell replacement therapy holds a promising future in the treatment of degenerative diseases related to neuronal, cardiac and bone tissues. In such kind of diseases, there is a progressive loss of specific types of cells. Currently the most upcoming and trusted cell candidate is Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) as these cells are easy to isolate from the tissue, easy to maintain and expand and no ethical concerns are linked. MSCs can be obtained from a number of sources like bone marrow, umbilical cord blood, umbilical cord, dental pulp, adipose tissues, etc. MSCs help in tissue repair and regeneration by various mechanisms of action like cell differentiation, immunomodulation, paracrine effect, etc. The future of regenerative medicine lies in tissue engineering and exploiting various properties to yield maximum output. In the current review article, we have targeted the repair and regeneration mechanisms of MSCs in neurodegenerative diseases, cardiac diseases and those related to bones. Yet there is a lot to understand, discover and then understand again about the molecular mechanisms of MSCs and then applying this knowledge in developing the therapy to get maximum repair and regeneration of concerned tissue and in turn the recovery of the patient.

scholarly journals Mesenchymal stem cells and their mitochondrial transfer: a double-edged sword

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Li ◽  
Marco K.H. Cheung ◽  
Shuo Han ◽  
Zhao Zhang ◽  
Ling Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Tissue Repair ◽  
Cancer Metastasis ◽  
Cell Injury ◽  
Tissue Degeneration ◽  
Cell Based Therapy ◽  
Mitochondrial Transfer

Abstract Mitochondrial dysfunction has been linked to many diseases including organ degeneration and cancer. Mesenchymal stem cells/stromal cells (MSCs) provide a valuable source for stem cell-based therapy and represent an emerging therapeutic approach for tissue regeneration. Increasing evidence suggests that MSCs can directly donate mitochondria to recover from cell injury and rescue mitochondrial damage-provoked tissue degeneration. Meanwhile, cancer cells and cancer stromal cells also cross-talk through mitochondrial exchange to regulate cancer metastasis. This review summarizes the research on MSCs and their mitochondrial transfer. It provides an overview of the biology, function, niches and signaling that play a role in tissue repair. It also highlights the pathologies of cancer growth and metastasis linked to mitochondrial exchange between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells. It becomes evident that the function of MSC mitochondrial transfer is a double-edged sword. MSC mitochondrial transfer may be a pharmaceutical target for tissue repair and cancer therapy.

scholarly journals The role of immunosuppression of mesenchymal stem cells in tissue repair and tumor growth

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhipeng Han ◽  
Yingying Jing ◽  
Shanshan Zhang ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Yufang Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Tumor Growth ◽  
Tissue Repair
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