scholarly journals Concise Review: Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Cardiovascular Regeneration: Emerging Research Directions and Clinical Applications

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 1859-1867 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Majka ◽  
Maciej Sułkowski ◽  
Bogna Badyra ◽  
Piotr Musiałek
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Concise Review ◽  
Cardiovascular Regeneration

scholarly journals Effects of Hypoxia and Chitosan on Equine Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Griffon ◽  
J. Cho ◽  
J. R. Wagner ◽  
C. Charavaryamath ◽  
J. Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Regenerative Therapy ◽  
Defect Model ◽  
Chitosan Films ◽  
Cells Cultured

Chitosan opens new perspectives in regenerative medicine as it enhances the properties of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) through formation of spheroids. Hypoxia has also been proposed to enhance stemness and survival of MSCs afterin vivoimplantation. These characteristics are relevant to the development of an off-the-shelf source of allogenic cells for regenerative therapy of tendinopathies. Umbilical cord-derived MSCs (UCM-MSCs) offer an abundant source of immature and immunoprivileged stem cells. In this study, equine UCM-MSCs (eqUCM-MSCs) conditioned for 3 and 7 days on chitosan films at 5% oxygen were compared to eqUCM-MSCs under standard conditions. Equine UCM-MSCs formed spheroids on chitosan but yielded 72% less DNA than standard eqUCM-MSCs. Expression ofSox2,Oct4, andNanogwas 4 to 10 times greater in conditioned cells at day 7. Fluorescence-labeled cells cultured for 7 days under standard conditions or on chitosan films under hypoxia were compared in a bilateral patellar tendon defect model in rats. Fluorescence was present in all treated tendons, but the modulus of elasticity under tension was greater in tendons treated with conditioned cells. Chitosan and hypoxia affected cell yield but improved the stemness of eqUCM-MSCs and their contribution to the healing of tissues. Given the abundance of allogenic cells, these properties are highly relevant to clinical applications and outweigh the negative impact on cell proliferation.

scholarly journals Concise Review: Multifaceted Characterization of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Use in Regenerative Medicine

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 2173-2185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebekah M. Samsonraj ◽  
Michael Raghunath ◽  
Victor Nurcombe ◽  
James H. Hui ◽  
Andre J. van Wijnen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Concise Review

scholarly journals Concise Review: Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Diabetes

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Domínguez-Bendala ◽  
Giacomo Lanzoni ◽  
Luca Inverardi ◽  
Camillo Ricordi
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Concise Review

191 Canine Mesenchymal Stem Cells as Therapeutic Agents in Spinal Cord Injured Dog

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.-H. Choe ◽  
H.-J. Lee ◽  
S.-L. Lee ◽  
J.-H. Lee ◽  
B.-W. Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Pain Sensation ◽  
Differentiation Potential ◽  
Na Currents ◽  
Spinal Cord Injured

In the recent era of veterinary research, stem cells have gained special attention due to their efficiency and use in clinical applications. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have been extensively studied over decades, and their prospect for clinical application is recognised in human medicine. Despite numerous reports in veterinary clinical trials of stem cells, few studies have been presented regarding the in vitro characterisation of canine mesenchymal stem cells (cMSC). Therefore, their efficacy as therapeutic agents in vitro has not been much elucidated. Canine adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (cAMSC) were characterised as per International Society for Cellular Therapy guidelines. Culturing cells showed spindle-like morphology and high proliferation rate. They displayed positive expression of mesenchymal markers CD44, CD90, and CD105, and lacked expression of CD34 and CD45. They were also positive for expression of pluripotency-related transcription factors (Oct3/4, Nanog, and Sox2) and showed differentiation potential towards mesodermal lineages. The cAMSC were further analysed for the neuronal trans-differentiation potential. Under appropriate differentiation conditions, cAMSC displayed distinctive dendritic morphology along with axon projections. Neuronal specific genes including Nestin, β-tubulin, neurofilament protein (NF-M, NF-H), and nerve growth factor (NGF) were also positively expressed. Nevertheless, functional analysis of neuronal differentiated cAMSC displayed voltage dependence and kinetics for transient K+ and Na+ currents (Ito). Both K+ and Na+ currents were recorded in differentiated MSC by voltage steps (between −120 and +60 mV for K+ currents, −40 and +50 mV for Na+ currents), whereas control undifferentiated MSC lacked the currents. Taken together, we concluded that the cAMSC have potential to differentiate into neuron-like cells. Based on these findings, we transplanted cAMSC into the spinal cord injured dogs to evaluate their clinical efficiency under approved medical guidelines set by Gyeongsang National University Animal Medical Center (Korea). Neurological examination showed that the injured dog had undergone hind limb paralysis and lost deep pain sensation due to an L2 spinal cord lesion, as detected by CT and MRI. The dog was diagnosed with traumatic L2 intradural spinal cord contusion, and decompression surgery was performed, but deep pain sensation did not recover. Therefore, each cAMSC (diluted in 0.5 mL of saline) was transplanted into spinal cord segment (L2~L3) 5 times at 1-week intervals. The dog showed mild recovery of deep pain sensation by neurological examinations and exhibited gradual improvement in hind limb function. Finally, we concluded that transplantation of cAMSC has a beneficial therapeutic effect on spinal cord injury. This study also provides a significant advantage in understanding the potential of MSC-based products in veterinary clinical applications.

scholarly journals Sources and Clinical Applications of Mesenchymal Stem Cells: State-of-the-art review

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Berebichez-Fridman ◽  
Pablo R. Montero-Olvera
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Adult Stem Cells ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
The Body ◽  
Differentiation Potential ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages

First discovered by Friedenstein in 1976, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells found throughout the body that share a fixed set of characteristics. Discovered initially in the bone marrow, this cell source is considered the gold standard for clinical research, although various other sources—including adipose tissue, dental pulp, mobilised peripheral blood and birth-derived tissues—have since been identified. Although similar, MSCs derived from different sources possess distinct characteristics, advantages and disadvantages, including their differentiation potential and proliferation capacity, which influence their applicability. Hence, they may be used for specific clinical applications in the fields of regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. This review article summarises current knowledge regarding the various sources, characteristics and therapeutic applications of MSCs.Keywords: Mesenchymal Stem Cells; Adult Stem Cells; Regenerative Medicine; Cell Differentiation; Tissue Engineering.

scholarly journals Application of Tonsil-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Tissue Regeneration: Concise Review

Stem Cells ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (10) ◽  
pp. 1252-1260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Se-Young Oh ◽  
Young Min Choi ◽  
Ha Yeong Kim ◽  
Yoon Shin Park ◽  
Sung-Chul Jung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Concise Review
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