Total extractable P in flooded soil as affected by struvite and other fertilizer‐P sources

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryder Anderson ◽  
Kristofor R. Brye ◽  
Laszlo Kekedy‐Nagy ◽  
Lauren Greenlee ◽  
Edward Gbur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flooded Soil ◽  
Extractable P ◽  
P Sources

scholarly journals Field evaluation of water or citrate soluble phosphorus in modified phosphate rocks for soybean

2001 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luís Ignácio Prochnow ◽  
José Francisco da Cunha ◽  
Ariel Francisco Candiotti Ventimiglia
Keyword(s):  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Ammonium Citrate ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Triple Superphosphate ◽  
Single Superphosphate ◽  
Standard Source ◽  
Extractable P ◽  
P Fertilizers ◽  
P Sources

Ten P fertilizers were collected (commercial fertilizers) or synthesized (experimental sources) in order to obtain single superphosphates varying in water and citrate solubility. A standard source of P was also produced by crystallization of the water-soluble fraction of a triple superphosphate. Eleven P sources were band applied to a medium textured Xanthic Hapludox, in Bahia, Brazil (low content of resin-extractable P) at a rate of 80 kg ha-1 of NAC + H2O (neutral ammonium citrate plus water) soluble P2O5, with soybean as the crop which was grown to maturity. A check plot (control) was included in the study. Three of the P sources [single superphosphate produced from Araxa phosphate rock (PR), low-grade single superphosphate produced from Lagamar PR and the standard source of P] were also applied at rates to provide 40 and 120 kg ha-1 of NAC + H2O soluble P2O5. Yield of soybean was evaluated by analysis of variance with mean comparison performed utilizing LSD lines, considering the P sources applied at a rate of 80 kg ha-1 of P2O5 + control. Regression procedures were used to study the relation between yield of soybean and rates of P2O5. The fertilizers tested performed equally well as a source of P for soybean. The level of water-soluble P did not influence fertilizer performance.

Response of Manitoba soils to banding phosphorus with sulfate or carbonate salts

2016 ◽  
Vol 96 (4) ◽  
pp. 447-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihiri C.W. Manimel Wadu ◽  
Tee Boon Goh ◽  
Olalekan O. Akinremi
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Acetate ◽  
Calcareous Soils ◽  
Monoammonium Phosphate ◽  
Significant Treatment ◽  
Extractable P ◽  
Monopotassium Phosphate ◽  
Treatment Interaction ◽  
Sulfate Salts ◽  
Carbonate Salts ◽  
P Sources

Applications of sulfate and carbonate salts have been shown to improve the solubility of phosphorus (P) in model calcareous soils. It is unclear how these treatments will influence P solubility in real soils. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of sulfate or carbonate salts on P solubility in selected Manitoba soils. We hypothesized that the application of carbonate or sulfate salts in a fertilizer band could enhance the solubility of P in Manitoba soils. Different salt mixtures were prepared by mixing either monopotassium phosphate (MPP) or monoammonium phosphate (MAP) with K2SO4, (NH4)2SO4, MgSO4, or (NH4)2CO3. After the 2 wk of incubation of salt-treated soils, both P sources decreased soil pH significantly. The addition of salts did not significantly affect pH in most of the soils. There was a significant treatment effect (P < 0.0001), a significant soil effect (P < 0.0001), and a significant soil by treatment interaction (P < 0.0001) on water-extractable P. Coapplication of either sulfates or (NH4)2CO3salt increased soluble P in some soils by 6%–44% or 11%–14%, respectively. Application of carbonate or sulfate salts increased P solubility only in soils with a smaller ratio of HCl-extractable Ca to ammonium acetate-extractable Ca.

scholarly journals Comparative Study on the Elucidation of Sedimentary Phosphorus Species Using Two Methods, the SMT and SEDEX Methods

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei Sun Loh ◽  
Chen-Yu Ying ◽  
Hussien Ibrahim Mohammed Alnoor ◽  
Xing-Rui Huang ◽  
Zhang-Hua Lou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Marsh ◽  
Changjiang Estuary ◽  
Coastal Sediments ◽  
Hangzhou Bay ◽  
Phosphorus Species ◽  
The Changjiang Estuary ◽  
Inorganic P ◽  
Extractable P ◽  
The Mean ◽  
P Sources

Sedimentary phosphorus (P) forms are important representatives of P sources and their bioavailability as well as the potential of sediments to release P in water. In this study, surface sediments along a transect of the Changjiang Estuary and two transects along the Andong salt marsh in the southwest of Hangzhou Bay were subjected to the elucidation of sedimentary P species using the standards, measurements, and testing (SMT) and sequential extraction (SEDEX) methods. The results showed that the mean sedimentary P forms elucidated by the SMT method were as follows: organic P (OP; ∼11–14 mg/kg; ∼30–45% of total P; TP) > apatite P (∼5–15 mg/kg; ∼21–36% TP) > Fe/Al-P (∼8–14 mg/kg; ∼31–34% TP), with inorganic P (IP) composing 54–70% of TP. The mean sedimentary P forms elucidated by the SEDEX method were as follows: authigenic P (∼54–68 mg/kg; ∼41–46% TP) > extractable P (Ex-P; ∼36–53 mg/kg; ∼28–34%) > Fe-P (∼21–27 mg/kg; ∼13–19%) > OP (∼8.7–13 mg/kg; ∼5–8%) > detrital P (De-P; ∼2 mg/kg; ∼1–2% TP), with IP composed of ∼91–94% TP. These results showed that the SEDEX method elucidated higher concentrations of sedimentary P forms as well as the TP from these coastal sediments although the SMT method had the advantage of being more economic and faster. The results of both the SMT and SEDEX methods showed that the Andong salt marsh and Changjiang Estuary sediments had much bioavailable P. The mean percentages of bioavailable P from the SMT and SEDEX methods were ∼64–74% and 52–56% of TP, respectively, indicating that these sediments were prone to release P to the coastal areas.

Low effectiveness of Duchess rock phosphate on pastures in northern Queensland

1990 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Gilbert ◽  
KA Shaw ◽  
JD Armour ◽  
JK Teitzel ◽  
J Standley
Keyword(s):  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Rock Phosphate ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Acidic Soils ◽  
P Sorption ◽  
P Sorption Capacity ◽  
Extractable P ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
P Sources

Rock phosphate from Duchess, northeastern Australia, and superphosphate were compared as phosphorus (P) sources for pasture in glasshouse and field experiments in northern Queensland. Duchess rock phosphate was an inferior source of P for pastures, compared with superphosphate. The yield response to rock phosphate, however, varied between soils. On strongly acidic soils with high P sorption capacity, rock phosphate increased yield and bicarbonate-extractable P in the soil. On near neutral soils of low P sorption capacity, rock phosphate had little effect on yield. When the rate of rock phosphate was expressed as citrate-soluble P, its performance improved relative to superphosphate. Rates of coarse Duchess rock phosphate need to be at least 10 times those of superphosphate to produce a similar effect on pasture growth. In a glasshouse experiment, the fine rock phosphate was 1.6 times more effective than the coarse material.

Bioavailability of phosphorus as a tool for efficient P reduction schemes

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Gerdes ◽  
Sabine Kunst
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Lower Saxony ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
P Balance ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Total P ◽  
P Sources ◽  
P Bioavailability

The bioavailability of phosphorus from different sources has been evaluated in the catchment area of the River Ilmenau (Lower-Saxony, Germany) by using algal assays. The P bioavailability describes the different potential of P from various sources of supporting eutrophication. Effluents from sewage treatment plants were highly bioavailable (72% of TP) whereas rainwater (26%) and erosion effluents (30%) showed a low bioavailability. In order to develop effective strategies to minimize P inputs into the river, source specific P bioavailability indices were determined and combined with a P balance to calculate inputs of vioavailable P (BAP) instead of total P (TP). It could be shown that the relative importance of the different P sources changes when applying BAP. Measures to reduce P inputs into the River Ilmenau will take P bioavailability into consideration and therefore lead to a more cost-effective management.

Metal and phosphate speciation during anaerobic digestion of phosphorus rich sludge

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 191-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. Carliell ◽  
A. D. Wheatley
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Metal Speciation ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Phosphate Removal ◽  
Metal Species ◽  
Chemical Extraction ◽  
Inorganic P ◽  
Similar Work ◽  
Extractable P ◽  
Phosphate Speciation

Chemical extraction methods are used to investigate metal and phosphate speciation during anaerobic digestion of phosphorus-rich sludge. Tests were performed using model compounds to evaluate the efficacy of the reagents in the extraction sequences and these results compared with similar work by other researchers. The metal speciation method was found to be suitable for identifying shifts in metal distribution but was unrepresentative of actual metal species. The phosphate speciation method did give adequate separation of the phosphate compounds tested. Full-scale digesters treating chemical and biological phosphate removal (CPR and BPR) sludge were analysed according to the methods developed. Results show that digestion of CPR sludge did not increase the soluble P concentration in the digester and that most of the precipitated phosphorus appeared to be retained in the sludge as inorganic P. The digester treating BPR sludge showed increased soluble and water-extractable P, in comparison to the control digester. Trace metal speciation profiles were found to be affected by addition of CPR sludge.

Commentary

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Nicholls ◽  
Michael Pushkin ◽  
Vladimir Ashkenazy
Keyword(s):  
World View ◽  
German Idealism ◽  
Russian Philosophy ◽  
Creative Work ◽  
Greek Philosophy ◽  
Indian Culture ◽  
Russian Symbolism ◽  
P Sources

Sources of the thinking are given, preceded by an investigation of the relation between philosophy and music, an account of the idiosyncratic way Skryabin studied, an interview between Skryabin and a philosopher of the period and a memoir by a student and patron summarizing the thought. The titles of the sections show the sources and influences: Ernest Renan, Greek philosophy, German idealism, Russian philosophy, and Russian symbolism, Conference at Geneva (this was a philosophical conference of which Skryabin studied some of the material), the influence of theosophy, and Indian culture. These influences were combined by Skryabin, not into a system but into a world view which vitally affected his creative work.(114)

scholarly journals Corn Stover Removal Responses on Soil Test P and K Levels in Coastal Plain Ultisols

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 4401
Author(s):  
Jeffrey M. Novak ◽  
James R. Frederick ◽  
Don W. Watts ◽  
Thomas F. Ducey ◽  
Douglas L. Karlen
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
First Year ◽  
Soil Test ◽  
Concentration Data ◽  
Extractable P ◽  
K Fertilizer ◽  
Soil Test P ◽  
K Concentration

Corn (Zea mays L.) stover is used as a biofuel feedstock in the U.S. Selection of stover harvest rates for soils is problematic, however, because excessive stover removal may have consequences on plant available P and K concentrations. Our objective was to quantify stover harvest impacts on topsoil P and K contents in the southeastern U.S. Coastal Plain Ultisols. Five stover harvest rates (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% by wt) were removed for five years from replicated plots. Grain and stover mass with P and K concentration data were used to calculate nutrient removal. Mehlich 1 (M1)-extractable P and K concentrations were used to monitor changes within the soils. Grain alone removed 13–15 kg ha−1 P and 15–18 kg ha−1 K each year, resulting in a cumulative removal of 70 and 85 kg ha−1 or 77 and 37% of the P and K fertilizer application, respectively. Harvesting stover increased nutrient removal such that when combined with grain removed, a cumulative total of 95% of the applied P and 126% of fertilizer K were taken away. This caused M1 P and K levels to decline significantly in the first year and even with annual fertilization to remain relatively static thereafter. For these Ultisols, we conclude that P and K fertilizer recommendations should be fine-tuned for P and K removed with grain and stover harvesting and that stover harvest of >50% by weight will significantly decrease soil test M1 P and K contents.

scholarly journals Effects of Meal Fructose/Glucose Composition on Postprandial Glucose Appearance and Hepatic Glycogen Synthesis in Healthy Subjects

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 596
Author(s):  
Cristina Barosa ◽  
Rogério T. Ribeiro ◽  
Rita Andrade ◽  
João F. Raposo ◽  
John G. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Glycogen Synthesis ◽  
Krebs Cycle ◽  
Hepatic Glycogen ◽  
Indirect Pathway ◽  
Metabolic Complications ◽  
Glucose Ratio ◽  
Dietary Fructose ◽  
P Sources

Dietary fructose overshadows glucose in promoting metabolic complications. Intestinal fructose metabolism (IFM) protects against these effects in rodents, by favoring gluconeogenesis, but the extent of IFM in humans is not known. We therefore aimed to infer the extent of IFM by comparing the contribution of dietary fructose to systemic glucose and hepatic glycogen appearance postprandially. Twelve fasting healthy subjects ingested two protein meals in random order, one supplemented with 50 g 5/95 fructose/glucose (LF) and the other with 50 g 55/45 fructose/glucose (HF). Sources of postprandial plasma glucose appearance and hepatic glycogen synthesis were determined with deuterated water. Plasma glucose excursions, as well as pre- and post-meal insulin, c-peptide, and triglyceride levels were nearly identical for both meals. The total gluconeogenic contribution to plasma glucose appearance was significantly higher for HF versus LF (65 ± 2% vs. 34 ± 3%, p < 0.001). For HF, Krebs cycle anaplerosis accounted for two-thirds of total gluconeogenesis (43 ± 2%) with one-third from Triose-P sources (22 ± 1%). With LF, three-quarters of the total gluconeogenic contribution originated via Krebs cycle anaplerosis (26 ± 2%) with one-quarter from Triose-P sources (9 ± 2%). HF and LF gave similar direct and indirect pathway contributions to hepatic glycogen synthesis. Increasing the fructose/glucose ratio had significant effects on glucose appearance sources but no effects on hepatic glycogen synthesis sources, consistent with extensive IFM. The majority of fructose carbons were converted to glucose via the Krebs cycle.

scholarly journals Influence of Application of Organic Residues of Different Biochemical Quality on Phosphorus Fractions in a Tropical Sandy Soil

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 248
Author(s):  
Tanabhat-Sakorn Sukitprapanon ◽  
Metawee Jantamenchai ◽  
Duangsamorn Tulaphitak ◽  
Nattaporn Prakongkep ◽  
Robert John Gilkes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Organic Residue ◽  
Residue Quality ◽  
Organic Residues ◽  
P Fractions ◽  
Residual P ◽  
Extractable P ◽  
P Fraction ◽  
Labile P

Understanding phosphorus (P) dynamics in tropical sandy soil treated with organic residues of contrasting quality is crucial for P management using organic amendments. This research determined P fractions in a tropical sandy soil under the application of organic residues of different quality, including groundnut stover (GN), tamarind leaf litter (TM), dipterocarp leaf litter (DP), and rice straw (RS). The organic residues were applied at the rate of 10 t DM ha−1 year−1. The P fractions were examined by a sequential extraction procedure. Organic residue application, regardless of residue quality, resulted in P accumulation in soils. For unamended soil, 55% of total P was mainly associated with Al (hydr)oxides. Organic residue application, regardless of residue quality, diminished the NH4F-extractable P (Al-P) fraction, but it had a nonsignificant effect on NaOH-extractable P (Fe-P). The majority of Al-P and Fe-P fractions were associated with crystalline Al and Fe (hydr)oxides. NH4Cl-extractable P (labile P), NaHCO3-extractable P (exchangeable P and mineralizable organic P), HCl-extractable P (Ca-P), and residual P fractions in soil were significantly increased as a result of the incorporation of organic residues. The application of organic residues, particularly those high in ash alkalinity, increase soil pH, labile P, and Ca-P fractions. In contrast, applications of residues high in lignin and polyphenols increase residual P fraction, which is associated with organo-mineral complexes and clay mineral kaolinite.

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